Meta tags:
Headings (most frequently used words):
issues, distributed, transmission, system, contents, history, technical, regulatory, individual, broadcasters, see, also, references,
Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (131), and (42), digital (34), for (27), #transmission (25), with (24), from (23), #broadcast (23), this (22), signal (22), distributed (21), television (21), transmitters (20), atsc (18), transmitter (18), network (17), system (16), multiple (16), same (15), wikipedia (14), frequency (14), new (14), dts (13), 2008 (13), main (13), fcc (12), was (11), archived (11), articles (11), october (11), all (11), issues (11), would (11), use (10), 2025 (10), analog (10), single (10), page (9), receiver (9), broadcasters (9), design (9), edit (9), area (9), station (9), coverage (9), broadcasting (8), channel (8), december (8), 2007 (8), synchronized (8), 2004 (8), also (8), but (8), while (8), interference (8), which (8), may (7), service (7), north (7), networks (7), data (7), cable (7), history (7), satellite (7), standards (7), 2009 (7), power (7), dtv (7), 2006 (7), multipath (7), not (7), its (7), that (7), article (7), mobile (6), about (6), november (6), wayback (6), standard (6), various (6), between (6), needed (6), could (6), move (6), were (6), tests (6), york (6), state (6), these (6), american (5), need (5), technology (5), retrieved (5), internet (5), wireless (5), division (5), time (5), free (5), charles (5), signals (5), communications (5), information (5), video (5), technical (5), see (5), terrestrial (5), pdf (5), original (5), low (5), machine (5), many (5), one (5), large (5), small (5), stations (5), synchronization (5), areas (5), uhf (5), help (5), individual (5), sites (5), reception (5), have (5), add (4), contents (4), search (4), view (4), using (4), cs1 (4), maint (4), links (4), different (4), telecommunications (4), radio (4), public (4), telephone (4), communication (4), optical (4), media (4), application (4), spectrum (4), states (4), national (4), definition (4), alliance (4), america (4), order (4), translator (4), test (4), citation (4), operate (4), vhf (4), even (4), improve (4), pennsylvania (4), cover (4), talk (4), has (4), such (4), city (4), used (4), within (4), learn (4), personal (4), hide (4), sidebar (4), non (3), copy (3), title (3), template (3), english (3), style (3), description (3), telecommunication (3), space (3), list (3), packet (3), bell (3), telegraph (3), mexico (3), dvb (3), must (3), transition (3), united (3), deployment (3), full (3), 8vsb (3), set (3), metropolitan (3), link (3), cite (3), march (3), experimental (3), range (3), opposition (3), association (3), nyc (3), telemundo (3), september (3), case (3), affiliate (3), market (3), means (3), second (3), atop (3), community (3), fill (3), due (3), like (3), regulatory (3), facilities (3), subject (3), existing (3), viewers (3), commercial (3), more (3), form (3), wect (3), early (3), groups (3), run (3), scale (3), location (3), each (3), create (3), identifier (3), timing (3), wpsu (3), college (3), other (3), first (3), receivers (3), how (3), when (3), remove (3), please (3), tools (3), topic (2), languages (2), toggle (2), table (2), code (2), contact (2), privacy (2), policy (2), available (2), under (2), additional (2), terms (2), apply (2), site (2), you (2), commons (2), license (2), unsourced (2), statements (2), needing (2), rewrite (2), deprecated (2), archival (2), written (2), maintenance (2), updating (2), short (2), wikidata (2), category (2), org (2), portal (2), europe (2), equipment (2), computer (2), circuit (2), switching (2), line (2), fiber (2), pioneers (2), thomas (2), claude (2), alexander (2), robert (2), lee (2), john (2), revolution (2), language (2), streaming (2), telegraphy (2), phone (2), electrical (2), platform (2), protection (2), modulation (2), hdtv (2), telus (2), sky (2), puerto (2), rico (2), dish (2), air (2), world (2), ready (2), tuners (2), cea (2), antennas (2), high (2), vsb (2), recorders (2), converter (2), top (2), act (2), datacasting (2), channels (2), web (2), wvpy (2), ctia (2), broadband (2), 2011 (2), problems (2), february (2), engineering (2), mtva (2), sfn (2), richland (2), towers (2), ion (2), are (2), than (2), applications (2), 111 (2), wpsx (2), dtx (2), 2003 (2), caron (2), ieee (2), transactions (2), environments (2), references (2), ofdm (2), operates (2), ability (2), allow (2), building (2), expensive (2), way (2), springfield (2), missouri (2), late (2), facility (2), currently (2), audience (2), two (2), 100 (2), can (2), number (2), independent (2), serve (2), though (2), now (2), allows (2), where (2), reading (2), licensed (2), wtve (2), operated (2), portions (2), limitations (2), operational (2), simultaneously (2), quality (2), proposed (2), they (2), unlike (2), forced (2), after (2), newly (2), before (2), systems (2), restrictions (2), installation (2), being (2), problem (2), wilmington (2), receive (2), had (2), who (2), years (2), nbc (2), special (2), basis (2), any (2), permanent (2), wide (2), strong (2), widespread (2), frequencies (2), purposes (2), further (2), tower (2), addition (2), without (2), times (2), jersey (2), levels (2), very (2), limits (2), difference (2), improvements (2), generation (2), transmitted (2), initial (2), every (2), received (2), control (2), included (2), 1hz (2), precise (2), adding (2), weaker (2), watermark (2), provide (2), version (2), made (2), localized (2), interfered (2), possible (2), served (2), terrain (2), sufficiently (2), 1998 (2), including (2), poorly (2), existed (2), static (2), microsecond (2), strength (2), worst (2), been (2), handling (2), reflection (2), obstacles (2), message (2), essay (2), recent (2), events (2), appearance (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), read (2), log (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), cookie, statement, statistics, developers, conduct, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, text, agree, registered, trademark, profit, organization, wikimedia, foundation, inc, creative, attribution, sharealike, rendered, parsoid, last, edited, utc, hidden, categories, webarchive, mdy, dates, https, index, php, distributed_transmission_system, oldid, 1323465482, outline, global, regulation, bodies, oceania, asia, antarctica, americas, south, africa, locations, usenet, toasternet, tanet, npl, janet, internet2, fidonet, cyclades, bitnet, arpanet, notable, wan, uucp, telex, switched, ngn, lan, isdn, ethernet, cellular, types, store, forward, protocol, concepts, orbital, angular, momentum, polarization, multiplexing, exchange, terminal, nodes, bandwidth, topology, waves, molecular, optic, coaxial, vladimir, zworykin, wheatstone, watson, alfred, vail, camille, tissot, nikola, tesla, sumner, tainter, henry, sutton, almon, brown, strowger, shannon, johann, philipp, reis, tivadar, puskás, stepanovich, popov, radia, perlman, grafton, jun, ichi, nishizawa, samuel, morse, antonio, meucci, metcalfe, guglielmo, marconi, innocenzo, manzetti, roberto, landell, hedy, lamarr, narinder, singh, kapany, kao, dawon, kahng, bob, kahn, gardiner, greene, hubbard, harold, hopkins, erna, schneider, hoover, hooke, oliver, heaviside, elisha, gray, forest, reginald, fessenden, philo, farnsworth, edison, amos, dolbear, daniel, davis, donald, davies, yogen, dalal, chappe, vint, cerf, walter, houser, brattain, bourseul, jagadish, chandra, bose, francis, blake, tim, berners, emile, berliner, graham, bardeen, paul, baran, logie, baird, mohamed, atalla, edwin, howard, armstrong, nasir, ahmed, whistled, videotelephony, undersea, cases, teletype, teleprinter, telautograph, smoke, transistor, mosfet, device, semiconductor, phryctoria, semaphore, radiotelephone, prepaid, photophone, pager, smartphone, mass, age, hydraulic, heliographs, fax, edholm, law, drums, social, online, image, dct, audio, compression, beacon, demand, conversion, pirate, decryption, hierarchical, blur, ratios, flag, active, format, aspect, ratio, optik, fibreop, fibe, verse, iptv, brazil, vrio, directv, claro, shaw, direct, 4dtv, digicipher, méxico, globecast, tru2way, downloadable, conditional, access, cablecard, allvid, subscription, carry, encryption, opencable, interactive, qam, auction, canada, country, canadian, multicast, 909, smart, serial, interface, 2160p, ultra, 1080p, 1080i, 720p, 576p, 480p, enhanced, 576i, 480i, pmcp, psip, dvd, passthrough, legislation, box, coupon, program, adapter, boxes, election, safer, switchover, grand, updatelogic, datacast, guide, plus, virtual, subchannels, redirecting, luray, january, 2010, pitch, model, home, theater, news, green, lights, fix, mark, fleischmann, oks, workaround, matthew, lasar, arstechnica, paige, albiniak, confronting, cliff, effect, boost, permits, harry, martin, feb, commoncause, objections, filing, organizations, filed, submission, supporting, gets, approval, randy, hoffner, report, better, merrill, weiss, newsday, sep, david, hershberger, axcera, llc, approves, recommended, practice, begin, procedures, field, results, study, salehian, research, centre, crc, ottawa, issn, 0018, 9316, ietbac, xianbin, wang, citta, ledoux, lafleche, improved, robustness, 8529935, s2cid, 1109, tbc, 823843, doi, 2004itb, 32w, bibcode, ntia, project, mediaflo, anchorage, cbs, limited, resources, covering, sparsely, populated, issue, overlap, falls, entirely, into, unpopulated, avoid, cost, kauu, alaska, fox, points, based, around, dma, went, krbk, proposes, pairing, operating, mountain, overlooking, reach, wider, paso, texas, las, cruces, ktdo, combined, total, five, blocked, mountains, 000, replace, conventional, enable, overnight, instructional, materials, 188, schools, translators, wvpt, virginia, primary, tailor, marginal, philadelphia, super, siete, island, showed, wste, spanish, section, relevant, discussion, found, contain, suggestions, rewritten, comply, force, method, companies, represent, remaining, propose, pay, however, much, ghz, only, beneficiary, compensated, taking, sprint, nextel, auxiliary, band, consumer, electronics, waiver, come, too, constructed, federally, mandated, shutoff, issued, approving, once, covered, expanding, beyond, prohibits, broadcaster, cherry, picking, urban, leaving, rural, sponsored, exercise, shut, down, broadcasts, noon, numerous, resulting, calls, straightforward, questions, converters, scan, able, watch, hundreds, intractable, longtime, reached, edge, longer, proper, antenna, substantially, reduced, fringes, myrtle, beach, carolina, granted, six, month, authority, allowing, did, authorize, supported, principle, since, call, comment, end, 2005, garnered, responses, ranging, support, advocate, white, spaces, unused, federal, commission, owner, secondary, indicated, fifteen, obtain, substantial, improvement, least, observed, similar, larger, square, wnju, owned, directional, pattern, carefully, chosen, strict, maximum, arrival, versions, significant, obtained, careful, required, destructive, mpeg, carried, part, position, frame, sync, trellis, encoding, devices, matched, exactly, discarded, demodulated, mismatch, extra, operations, omp, pid, 0x1ffa, added, studio, parameters, configuration, transport, layer, addressed, supply, 10mhz, reference, well, identification, embedded, troubleshooting, yet, stream, identical, done, bit, rate, 30db, buried, stronger, repetitions, summed, readable, technicians, meanwhile, spread, gps, 110a, revision, released, guidance, educational, initially, serves, distant, leading, itself, relocation, communities, proved, 50kw, shielding, altoona, johnstown, university, kept, close, geographical, spacing, began, adopters, largest, markets, era, equipped, deal, reflected, severe, drawback, urbanized, later, generations, significantly, mitigated, build, capable, detecting, compensating, conditions, echo, trade, center, nations, uses, instead, allowed, transmit, lower, peak, historically, far, inferior, reflections, appears, detected, both, equal, arrive, intermediate, slightly, series, involving, four, over, measurement, completed, june, along, smaller, uniquely, problematic, man, prevent, adequate, entire, empire, consortium, idea, programming, concept, designed, mode, operation, adapted, restrictive, requirements, poor, implementations, precluded, synchronous, eased, somewhat, advanced, subsequent, detect, changing, certain, constraints, compensate, effects, fed, via, then, overlapping, effectively, combining, generate, rivaling, gaps, landline, microwave, discuss, editor, feelings, presents, argument, rewriting, encyclopedic, argumentative, needs, update, reflect, updated, messages, distribution, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, download, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, related, what, here, general, actions, pages, contribute, random, current, navigation, jump, content,
Text of the page (random words):
ofdm a modulation which allowed a station to transmit at lower peak power levels but which historically has been far inferior in handling multipath reflections and rf interference the first widespread commercial deployment of us atsc digital television began in 1998 with the first early adopters being stations in the largest markets including new york city served by transmitters atop the world trade center digital receivers of this era while expensive were poorly equipped to deal with reflected signals a severe drawback in urbanized environments later generations of receiver design significantly mitigated these limitations by 2004 technology existed to build receivers capable of detecting and compensating for static multipath interference conditions where a single echo was 10 db weaker within a 30 microsecond time difference or the same strength the worst case but within a 12 microsecond range 2 if the transmitters could be kept at sufficiently precise synchronization and sufficiently close geographical spacing to operate within these limits a single frequency network using the new receiver design would be possible even with the existing north american atsc digital broadcast standards 3 tests by pennsylvania state university public educational wpsx tv now wpsu tv were initially made in 2003 4 wpsu was in analog a vhf 3 station which serves state college pennsylvania from a distant transmitter which must also cover johnstown and altoona as a digital station wpsu had used a large uhf 15 transmitter at the location of the original low vhf broadcast tower leading to localized problems with terrain shielding which interfered with uhf reception in state college itself relocation of the main transmitter would have interfered with the station s ability to serve the other two communities addition of a small 50 kw synchronized digital tv transmitter in state college on the same frequency as the main uhf 15 signal proved a means to improve reception further improvements would be possible by adding small co channel 50kw transmitters in each community to be served atsc released standards on september 25 2004 as guidance on the design of multiple transmitters single frequency networks and multiple frequency networks 5 the new 2004 standards included a 110a synchronization standard for distributed transmission revision a a 111 design of synchronized multiple transmitter networks 6 technical issues addressed included that of synchronization between transmitters gps was used to supply a 1hz and a 10mhz reference frequency as well as timing information and precise control of transmitted frequencies to within 1hz identification for each individual transmitter needed to be embedded in the signal for troubleshooting purposes yet the main data stream on every synchronized transmitter must be identical this is done by adding a second low bit rate spread spectrum signal 27 30db weaker than the main signal as this watermark identifier is buried under the stronger main signal multiple repetitions of this same identifier could be received and summed in order to provide a readable version of the watermark to broadcast technicians a standard receiver meanwhile would see the same signal from all transmitters by design the generation of non mpeg data carried as part of the transport layer such as the position of transmitted frame sync or the initial state of trellis encoding devices would also have to be matched exactly between every synchronized transmitter even though this data is discarded after the received signal is demodulated any mismatch could create interference between the various co channel signals an extra operations and maintenance distributed transmission packet omp packet identifier pid 0x1ffa would need to be added to the atsc data at the studio and used to control various parameters needed for configuration and synchronization of the individual transmitters the location directional pattern and power levels for each of the transmitters would also have to be very carefully chosen as the atsc system is subject to very strict limits on the maximum time difference between arrival of multiple versions of the same signal at the receiver in problem reception areas significant improvements could be obtained but careful design would be required to operate multiple co channel transmitters without destructive interference 7 further tests run by telemundo owned and operated station wnju ion tv and broadcast tower owner richland towers using one main new jersey transmitter and a times square fill in dts secondary transmitter 8 in 2007 indicated that of fifteen test sites for reception of the station in new york city 40 would obtain a substantial improvement in signal by the addition of a second transmitter to the existing station 9 while all but one would receive at least the same signal quality as was observed without a distributed transmission system 10 new york s metropolitan television alliance was to run similar tests but on a larger scale in 2007 and 2008 11 regulatory issues edit while the us federal communications commission has supported dts in principle since 2004 an fcc call for public comment at the end of 2005 garnered a wide spectrum of responses in early 2006 ranging from strong support by groups such as the national association of broadcasters 12 to widespread opposition by groups who advocate the free use of white spaces unused broadcast frequencies 13 for non broadcast purposes 14 such as wireless data 15 the fcc granted six month special technical authority to wtve reading pennsylvania in december 2006 allowing it to operate a distributed transmission system on an experimental basis but did not authorize the systems on any permanent licensed basis at that time 16 an fcc sponsored test market exercise in wilmington north carolina shut down all analog full power commercial broadcasts at noon on september 8 2008 while numerous the resulting calls from viewers were straightforward questions about installation of antennas and converters or the need to scan for channels before being able to watch digital television hundreds more were about a more intractable problem viewers of longtime full power low vhf broadcasters like wect nbc 6 wilmington a signal which in its analog form reached to the edge of myrtle beach could no longer receive the station even with the converter and proper antenna installation the move to uhf 44 and a different transmitter site had substantially reduced wect s coverage area 17 and for many who for many years were on the fringes of the analog nbc 6 signal wect was no more 18 on november 7 2008 the fcc issued an order approving the use of distributed transmission systems by terrestrial dtv broadcasters subject to various restrictions 19 this allows broadcasters to apply for dts facilities to cover the area once covered by analog tv while not expanding coverage beyond the existing analog coverage area it also prohibits a broadcaster cherry picking a coverage area in such a way as to cover urban areas while leaving rural viewers with no signal this waiver has come too late to allow the newly proposed dts facilities to be constructed and operational before the federally mandated 2009 analog shutoff 20 the consumer electronics association and ctia proposed in december 2009 to force all stations to use this method so that the companies they represent could use the remaining space in the tv band for mobile broadband unlike the digital television transition in the united states they do not propose that stations be forced to pay for it however much like the 2 ghz broadcast auxiliary service was forced to move by the fcc but only after the beneficiary sprint nextel compensated broadcasters for the regulatory taking 21 individual broadcasters edit this section may need to be rewritten to comply with wikipedia s quality standards relevant discussion may be found on the talk page you can help the talk page may contain suggestions october 2025 in puerto rico spanish language independent wste 7 super siete operated multiple analog transmitters on the same frequency to cover various portions of the same island this system showed the limitations due to interference between the transmitters if all are operational simultaneously citation needed in pennsylvania independent wtve is licensed to serve reading even though its primary audience is in philadelphia a distributed transmission system now allows it to tailor its coverage area to improve coverage in areas where its signal is currently marginal citation needed in virginia public television wvpt wvpy operate a combined total of five additional on channel synchronized transmitters to fill areas blocked by mountains from two main vhf uhf transmitters a set of us 100 000 synchronized digital transmitters can replace service from the same number of conventional analog broadcast translators and also enable overnight datacasting of instructional materials to the area s 188 schools 22 23 in new mexico telemundo affiliate ktdo proposes dts as a means of pairing a low power dtv facility currently operating in its community of license las cruces with a second facility atop a mountain overlooking el paso texas in order to reach a wider audience 24 in missouri fox affiliate krbk operates a dts as a way to service the springfield missouri market from 5 transmission points based around the springfield dma this system went on air in late 2011 citation needed in alaska anchorage cbs affiliate kauu operates with limited resources and equipment covering a large and sparsely populated area with many small broadcast translator stations while broadcast signal synchronization is not an issue as the overlap between signals falls entirely into unpopulated areas the ability to re use multiple small transmitters may allow the station to avoid the cost of building one large expensive main transmitter for its digital signal citation needed see also edit atsc broadcast translator mediaflo also a single frequency network but using ofdm 8vsb references edit ntia nyc 9 11 digital television transition project wu y xianbin wang citta r ledoux b lafleche s caron b 2004 an atsc dtv receiver with improved robustness to multipath and distributed transmission environments ieee transactions on broadcasting 50 1 32 41 bibcode 2004itb 50 32w doi 10 1109 tbc 2004 823843 s2cid 8529935 design procedures and field test results of a distributed translator network and a case study for an application of distributed transmission salehian k wu y caron b communications research centre crc ottawa ieee transactions on broadcasting 2006 issn 0018 9316 ietbac wpsx tv set to begin experimental dtx transmission may 15 2003 12 00 pm atsc approves new recommended practice a 111 design of synchronized multiple transmitter networks september 25 2004 archived december 15 2008 at the wayback machine atsc distributed transmission broadcast engineering february 2 2007 the atsc distributed transmission system and applications to translator service archived march 26 2009 at the wayback machine david l hershberger axcera llc sfn are many transmitters better than one merrill weiss tv newsday sep 13 2007 richland towers telemundo ion report on dts sfn tv broadcasting in the united states randy hoffner tv technology october 3 2007 mtva gets approval for nyc distributed transmission system tv technology may 25 2007 national association of broadcasters submission to fcc 2006 supporting dts opposition to dtv dts various organizations as filed with fcc in 2006 commoncause org objections to dts fcc 2006 filing archived november 28 2008 at the wayback machine new america opposition to dtv dts 2006 transmission boost the fcc permits a distributed transmission system harry c martin broadcast engineering feb 1 2007 archived december 15 2008 at the wayback machine confronting the cliff effect archived february 27 2009 at the wayback machine paige albiniak tv broadcast december 26 2008 fcc oks digital workaround for dtv signal range problems matthew lasar arstechnica november 11 2008 fcc order on distributed transmission november 2008 pdf archived from the original pdf on october 17 2011 retrieved december 10 2008 home theater news fcc green lights dtv range fix mark fleischmann november 17 2008 retrieved december 10 2008 cite web cs1 maint deprecated archival service link cea ctia pitch low power broadcast model to free up spectrum for broadband use archived from the original on january 13 2010 retrieved december 29 2009 wvpy application for experimental dts transmitter at luray va archived copy pdf archived from the original pdf on march 5 2009 retrieved march 10 2009 cite web cs1 maint archived copy as title link application view redirecting v t e digital television in north america terrestrial digital broadcasting atsc tuners digital subchannels virtual channels distributed transmission system datacasting guide plus national datacast updatelogic metropolitan television alliance grand alliance digital switchover all channel receiver act safer act digital channel election set top boxes digital television adapter u s converter box coupon program legislation analog passthrough dvd recorders digital video recorders digital standards atsc standards atsc atsc m h 8vsb a vsb e vsb psip pmcp full list standard definition tv 480i 576i enhanced definition tv 480p 576p high definition tv 720p 1080i 1080p ultra high definition tv 2160p serial digital interface smart antennas cea 909 digital networks digital multicast television network see template american broadcast television template canadian television networks national deployment list by country canada mexico united states hdtv transition wireless spectrum auction cable digital cable digital cable ready tv qam tuners interactive digital cable ready tv opencable application platform encryption must carry subscription tv allvid cablecard downloadable conditional access system tru2way satellite tv dvb s dish network globecast world tv free to air receiver bell satellite tv telus satellite tv dish méxico digicipher 2 4dtv shaw direct claro puerto rico digital satellite service dvb s2 directv vrio sky brazil sky mexico iptv u verse tv bell fibe tv fibreop telus optik tv technical issues 14 9 aspect ratio active format description broadcast flag channel protection ratios hdtv blur hierarchical modulation pirate decryption standards conversion video on demand v t e telecommunications history beacon broadcasting cable protection system cable tv communications satellite computer network data compression audio dct image video digital media internet video online video platform social media streaming drums edholm s law electrical telegraph fax heliographs hydraulic telegraph information age information revolution internet mass media mobile phone smartphone optical telecommunication optical telegraphy pager photophone prepaid mobile phone radio radiotelephone satellite communications semaphore phryctoria semicondu...
|
