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s research center project management edit the viper rover is part of the lunar discovery and exploration program managed by the science mission directorate at nasa headquarters and was meant to support the crewed artemis program 2 nasa s ames research center was managing the rover project the hardware for the rover was designed by the johnson space center while the instruments were provided by ames kennedy and honeybee robotics 2 the project manager was daniel andrews 2 34 and the project scientist was anthony colaprete who was implementing the technology developed for the now cancelled resource prospector rover 35 the estimated cost of the mission was us 250 million in october 2019 3 nasa said on 3 march 2021 that the new lifecycle cost for the mission was us 433 5 million 36 both the launcher and the lander were competitively provided through commercial lunar payload services clps contractors with astrobotic providing the griffin lander to deliver the rover and spacex providing the falcon heavy launch vehicle 37 nasa was aiming to land the rover in september 2025 until the mission was canceled on 17 july 2024 6 38 capabilities edit at the lunar south pole viper will collect images and make neutron measurements while traveling between locations of interest 39 at those locations the rover will shift to prospecting mode allowing higher fidelity measurements the rover will be capable of operating for 5 6 lunar days drilling 50 samples traversing 20 km 12 mi driving at 20 cm s 2 400 ft h max moving between destinations at 0 8 cm s 94 ft h exploring temperature regimes from 40 to 300 k 387 7 to 80 3 f driving 1 7 km 1 1 mi in psrs drilling 5 samples in psrs science background edit main articles lunar water and lunar resources data obtained by lunar prospector 40 lunar reconnaissance orbiter chandrayaan 1 and the lunar crater observation and sensing satellite revealed that lunar water is present in the form of ice near the lunar poles especially within permanently shadowed craters in the south pole region 41 42 and present in the form of hydrated minerals in other high latitude locations 43 water may have been delivered to the moon over geological timescales by the regular bombardment of water bearing comets asteroids and meteoroids 44 or continuously produced in situ by the hydrogen ions protons of the solar wind impacting oxygen bearing minerals 40 the physical form of the water ice is unknown but some studies suggest that it is unlikely to be present in the form of thick pure ice deposits and may be a thin coating on soil grains 45 46 42 if it is possible to mine and extract the water molecules h 2 o in large amounts it can be broken down to its elements namely hydrogen and oxygen and form molecular hydrogen h 2 and molecular oxygen o 2 to be used as rocket bi propellant or produce compounds for metallurgic and chemical production processes 47 just the production of propellant was estimated by a joint panel of industry government and academic experts identified a near term annual demand of 450 metric tons of lunar derived propellant equating to 2450 metric tons of processed lunar water generating us 2 4 billion of revenue annually 48 science payload edit see also neutron spectrometer the viper rover will be equipped with a drill and three analyzers the neutron spectrometer system nss will detect sub surface water from a distance then viper will stop at that location and deploy a 1 m 3 ft 3 in drill called trident to obtain samples to be analyzed by its two onboard spectrometers msolo and nirvss 2 3 49 previously a trident drill and msolo mass spectrometer were incorporated into the prime 1 payload of the unsuccessful im 2 lunar landing mission 50 instrument name abbr provider function 51 neutron spectrometer system nss ames research center nasa detect sub surface hydrogen potentially water from a distance suggesting prime sites for drilling the regolith and ice drill for exploring new terrain trident honeybee robotics 1 m drill to obtain subsurface samples near infrared volatiles spectrometer system nirvss ames research center nasa analyze mineral and volatile composition mass spectrometer observing lunar operations msolo kennedy space center nasa analyze mineral and volatile composition nss edit nss measures the energy released by hydrogen atoms when struck by neutrons it was developed for the cancelled resource prospector rover 14 trident edit the trident drill contains two temperature sensors one at the tip and one about 20 cm 7 9 in up in addition to drilling and bringing up samples for nirvss and msolo its temperature sensors can measure the subsurface temperature combined with its heater element trident can measure the thermal conductivity of the regolith in addition measuring the force necessary to drill reveals geotechnical properties of the regolith 52 17 nirvss edit the nirvss instrument nirvss will determine if the hydrogen it encounters belong to water molecules h 2 o or to hydroxyl oh originally developed for the resource prospector rover 14 sub systems spectrometer context imager a broad spectrum camera longwave calibration sensor measures surface temperature at very small scales msolo edit msolo will measure the mass to charge ratio of ions to elucidate the chemical elements contained in the sample the instrument was created through a collaboration with inficon in which one of their mass commercial spectrometers was modified to make it suitable for spaceflight 52 9 see also edit spaceflight portal lunar water lunar resources in situ resources on the moon references edit 1 2 3 coldewey devin 25 october 2019 nasa s viper lunar rover will hunt water on the moon in 2022 techcrunch viper is a limited time mission operating at the poles means there s no sunlight to harvest with solar panels so the rover will carry all the power it needs to last 100 days there 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 loff sarah 25 october 2019 new viper lunar rover to map water ice on the moon nasa archived from the original on 6 november 2019 retrieved 26 october 2019 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain 1 2 3 4 bartels meghan 25 october 2019 nasa will launch a lunar viper to hunt moon water in 2022 space com retrieved 13 april 2021 colaprete anthony 17 august 2020 viper a lunar water reconnaissance mission pdf nasa archived from the original pdf on 25 october 2022 retrieved 25 august 2020 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain nasa s next lunar rover progresses toward 2023 launch nasa 24 february 2021 retrieved 5 march 2021 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain 1 2 3 nasa ends viper project continues moon exploration nasa retrieved 17 july 2024 1 2 wright ernie ladd david colaprete anthony ladd david 20 september 2021 nasa scientific visualization studio svs retrieved 27 october 2023 bartels meghan 16 october 2019 moon viper nasa wants to send a water sniffing rover to the lunar south pole in 2022 space com retrieved 13 april 2021 nasa selects astrobotic to fly water hunting rover to the moon nasa 11 june 2020 retrieved 14 june 2020 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain nasa ends viper project continues moon exploration nasa retrieved 24 may 2026 1 2 jeff foust 4 february 2025 nasa requests industry proposals for viper lunar rover partnership spacenews retrieved 22 february 2025 nasa selects blue origin to deliver viper rover to moon s south pole nasa sauers elisha 29 september 2025 nasa canceled a moon rover mission last year suddenly it s back mashable retrieved 24 may 2026 1 2 3 elphic richard colaprete anthony andrews daniel 2018 resource prospector evaluating the isru potential of the lunar poles 42nd cospar scientific assembly 42 bibcode 2018cosp 42e 981e nasa s artemis rover to land near nobile region of moon s south pole nasa 20 september 2021 retrieved 20 september 2021 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain nasa replans clps delivery of viper to 2024 to reduce risk nasa 18 july 2022 archived from the original on 17 july 2024 retrieved 18 july 2022 hautaluoma grey johnson alana 28 october 2019 new viper lunar rover to map water ice on the moon physorg trident drill integrated into nasa s viper rover completing its scientific arsenal february 2024 lea robert 3 march 2024 nasa s ice hunting viper moon rover getting ready to slither to the launch pad space com retrieved 4 march 2024 nasa s viper gets its head and neck nasa retrieved 18 april 2024 mission manager update viper rover approved to move into environmental testing nasa 14 may 2024 retrieved 15 may 2024 tingley brett 17 july 2024 nasa cancels 450 million viper moon rover due to budget concerns space com archived from the original on 17 july 2024 retrieved 17 july 2024 1 2 boyle alan 17 july 2024 nasa stops work on viper moon rover citing cost and schedule issues universe today archived from the original on 17 july 2024 retrieved 17 july 2024 flip rover astrolab 5 february 2026 retrieved 8 february 2026 greshko michael nasa may spend 800 million to not send this revolutionary rover to the moon scientific american retrieved 7 september 2024 sykes mark planetary exploration newsletter volume 18 number 31 the planetary society s statement on viper s path forward the planetary society retrieved 7 september 2024 science committee leaders seek answers regarding the cancellation of nasa s viper project house committee on science space tech republicans 6 september 2024 retrieved 7 september 2024 nasa selects blue origin as second artemis lunar lander provider nasa retrieved 20 september 2025 nasa selects blue origin to deliver viper rover to moon s south pole nasa retrieved 24 september 2025 dave limp davill 19 september 2025 looking forward to partnering with nasa to prepare viper for flight on our second mk1 lunar lander viper is incredibly important including instruments to help search for resources like ice this includes our honeybee robotics trident drill designed to penetrate up to 3 ft or 1m below the lunar surface weighing around 44 lbs or 20 kg the drill uses a jackhammer mode to cut through hard rocks and cryogenic ice tweet via x formerly twitter nasascience_ 19 september 2025 after exploring innovative and cost effective approaches nasa has selected blueorigin to deliver the viper rover to the moon viper will search for vital resources like water ice to support a long term human presence on the lunar surface tweet via x formerly twitter nasa resurrects its viper moon rover for a 2027 mission with blue origin yahoo tech 21 september 2025 retrieved 24 september 2025 moon mariella 26 october 2019 nasa s viper rover will look for water ice on the moon engadget foust jeff 27 october 2019 nasa confirms plans to send prospecting rover to the moon spacenews viper lunar rover mission cost increases spacenews 3 march 2021 retrieved 5 march 2021 foust jeff 13 april 2021 astrobotic selects falcon heavy to launch nasa s viper lunar rover spacenews retrieved 13 april 2021 harris rainier 17 july 2024 nasa cancels rover mission set to search for ice on moon bloomberg com retrieved 18 july 2024 fong terry 24 april 2025 viper rover design and mission operations lunar autonomy mobility pathfinder workshop nasa 1 2 nasa lunar prospector lunar arc nasa gov archived from the original on 14 september 2016 retrieved 25 may 2015 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain nasa looking to mine water on the moon and mars soderman nasa s solar system exploration research virtual institute this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain 1 2 neish c d bussey d b j spudis p marshall w thomson b j patterson g w carter l m 13 january 2011 the nature of lunar volatiles as revealed by mini rf observations of the lcross impact site journal of geophysical research planets 116 e01005 8 bibcode 2011jgre 116 1005n doi 10 1029 2010je003647 pieters c m goswami j n clark r n annadurai m boardman j buratti b combe j p dyar m d green r head j w hibbitts c hicks m isaacson p klima r kramer g kumar s livo e lundeen s malaret e mccord t mustard j nettles j petro n runyon c staid m sunshine j taylor l a tompkins s varanasi p 2009 character and spatial distribution of oh h2o on the surface of the moon seen by m3 on chandrayaan 1 science 326 5952 568 572 bibcode 2009sci 326 568p doi 10 1126 science 1178658 pmid 19779151 s2cid 447133 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain elston d p 1971 character and geologic habitat of potential deposits of water carbon and rare gases on the moon geological problems in lunar and planetary research 441 bibcode 1971gplp conf 441e jozwiak l m patterson g w perkins r 2019 mini rf monostatic radar observations of permanently shadowed crater floors lunar isru 2019 developing a new space economy through lunar resources 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