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s print press with 854 000 readers according to the first 2026 wave of the estudio general de medios egm 11 el país ranked fourth among spain s most read general interest digital newspapers with 17 6 million unique users according to gfk dam data 2025 12 it is also one of the madrid dailies considered to be a national newspaper of record for spain along with el mundo and abc 13 its headquarters and central editorial staff are located in madrid although it is present in other spanish cities el país produces an america edition with subeditions for mexico colombia chile and argentina in 2024 el país developed a us edition el país us aimed at hispanic readers 14 history edit el país was founded in may 1976 by a team at prisa which included jesus de polanco josé ortega spottorno and carlos mendo 15 16 the paper was designed by reinhard gade and julio alonso it was first published on 4 may 1976 17 six months after the death of dictator francisco franco and at the beginning of the spanish transition to democracy the first editor in chief of the daily was juan luis cebrián 18 el país was the first pro democracy newspaper within a context where all the other spanish newspapers were influenced by franco s ideology 19 the circulation of the paper was 116 600 copies in its first year 20 it rose to 138 000 copies in 1977 20 in 1978 el país suffered a far right terrorist attack due to political upheaval four people were injured two greatly and one died the building also suffered structural damage 21 el país filled a gap in the market and became the newspaper of spanish democracy for which role el país was awarded the prince of asturias award for communication and the humanities in 1983 at a time when the transition from franco s dictatorship to democracy was still developing the paper s first director until 1988 was juan luis cebrián who came from the daily newspaper informaciones like many other spanish journalists of the time he had worked for diario pueblo meaning people s daily in english which was a mouthpiece for the francoist sindicato vertical its reputation as a bastion of spanish democracy was established during the attempted coup d état by lieutenant colonel antonio tejero of the guardia civil on 23 february 1981 during the uncertain situation of the night of 23 february 1981 when all members of parliament were held hostage in the congress building and with tanks on the streets of valencia and before the state television station could transmit a speech by king juan carlos i condemning the coup el país published a special edition of the newspaper called el país for the constitution it was the first available daily paper during the situation with a pro democracy position it called on citizens to demonstrate in favor of democracy and was widely discussed in the news media so much so that the director of el país juan luis cebrián called the then director of diario 16 pedro j ramírez in order to propose that both newspapers work on a joint pro democracy publication ramírez refused claiming that he would prefer to wait a few hours to see how the situation developed diario 16 was not published until after a television broadcast by the king along with its commitment to democracy before the attempted coup of 23 february 1981 the electoral victory of the spanish socialist workers party psoe in 1982 with an absolute majority and its open support for the government of felipe gonzález 22 meant that el país consolidated its position during the 1980s as the spanish newspaper with the most sales ahead of the conservative leaning abc in 1986 el país was the recipient of the four freedoms award for the freedom of speech by the roosevelt institute 23 in 1987 el país received the largest amount of state aid 24 both the rigorous journalistic standards and the fact that it was the first spanish newspaper to establish internal quality control standards have increased the standing of el país it was also the first spanish daily to create the role of reader s advocate and the first to publish a style guide that has since become a quality benchmark among journalists 25 el país has also established a number of collaborative agreements with other european newspapers with a social democratic viewpoint in 1989 el país participated in the creation of a common network of information resources with la repubblica in italy and le monde in france at the beginning of the 1990s el país had to face a new political and journalistic challenge the increasing political tensions caused by corruption scandals involving the psoe government of gonzález polarized both the spanish political classes and the press of the left and right wings since that time both the people s party pp and the media aligned with it have accused el país and the other companies owned by prisa 26 27 along with sogecable 28 29 of supporting the interests of the psoe despite this el país managed to maintain its position as the best selling generalist daily in spain although its lead over el mundo was reduced both in 1993 and 1994 it was the best selling newspaper in the country with a circulation of 401 258 copies and 408 267 copies respectively 30 in the period of 1995 1996 el país had a circulation of 420 934 copies making it again the best selling paper in the country 31 el país headquarters in madrid since october 2001 an english language supplement of el país has been included in the spanish version of the international herald tribune this content can also be found on el país internet site 32 also in 2001 el país had a circulation of 433 617 copies 33 and it was 435 298 copies next year 34 the paper had a circulation of 435 000 copies in 2003 35 on march 11 2004 spain suffered europe s first jihadist terror attack with a nearly simultaneous coordinated bombings against the cercanías commuter train system of madrid spain on the morning of 11 march 2004 three days before spain s general elections the day of the attacks then prime minister josé maría aznar from the ruling conservative party called el país editor in chief jesús ceberio and gave him assurances that the attacks had been planned and executed by the basque terrorist group eta despite having no other confirmation ceberio ran a front page blaming eta for the attack having to correct course the following day ceberio who would continue as editor for three more years published an editorial piece accusing aznar of manipulating him el país was awarded the world s best designed newspaper for 2006 by the society for news design snd 36 based on the findings of the european business readership survey the paper had 14 589 readers per issue in 2006 37 the circulation of the daily was 425 927 copies between june 2006 and july 2007 38 on 24 january 2013 el país published a wrong report about the health status of then venezuelan president hugo chávez with photography of an unknown man from a 2008 youtube video provided by the news agency gtres online and published on the front page of the paper s print edition as a picture of the venezuelan president 39 in 2013 el país started publishing a brazilian edition in brazilian portuguese on 14 december 2021 the periodical announced that it would be discontinued citing a lack of financial sustainability 40 in august 2019 the newspaper s online edition published an obituary of king juan carlos i even though the former monarch was actually recovering from major cardiac surgery the el país management explained that the article was published due to an algorithm error citation needed on 23 may 2024 el país started publishing a us edition in both spanish and english aimed at spanish speakers residing in the us 41 14 42 43 positions edit the paper has criticized figures such as che guevara among others it impugned guevara s advocacy of armed struggle 44 the 16 february 2012 edition of el país was banned in morocco due to the publication of a cartoon which according to the moroccan authorities tarnished king mohammed vi s name 45 in january 2018 el país was sentenced to publish a rectification article after the catalan tv channel tv3 denounced the newspaper for harming the tv channel s image with an article which contained inaccurate data 46 a similar case happened between el país and the catalan businessman jaume roures with el país being sentenced after publishing roures had 250 million euros in tax havens 47 according to a report prepared by the parliament of the united kingdom fake news committee written by the nonprofit organization transparency toolkit and published in april 2018 el país had published numerous examples of misinterpretations of data sources use of inaccurate information lack of attention to detail and a poor research methodology regarding the alleged russian involvement in the 2017 catalan independence referendum it describes their conclusions as exceptionally deceptive and concludes there may be a temptation to use groundless allegations of fake news to support political argument 48 49 on 26 september 2007 the paper published the bush aznar memo a leaked transcript of a closed door meeting between u s president george w bush and spanish prime minister josé maría aznar shortly before the invasion of iraq 50 in 2007 the circulation of el país was about 400 000 copies 51 during the premiership of the psoe s josé luis rodríguez zapatero el país published several articles criticizing the policies of the zapatero government 52 this provided opportunities for new entrants to represent the dissentient anti establishment left such as the appearance of the daily newspaper público the 2008 circulation of el país was 435 000 copies making it the second most read daily in the country only after the sport daily marca 53 54 it was 267 000 in april 2014 51 in march 2015 el país together with six other international newspapers founded an alliance called the leading european newspaper alliance lena 55 in june 2016 el país brasil was found in a list of political newspapers that received money from the workers party government 56 former editor soledad gallego díaz was brought to court after dismissing five employees for what the accusers maintain were political and ideological reasons 57 editors in chief edit since june 2025 the editor in chief of el país has been jan martínez ahrens the paper has had nine editors in chief since it was founded in 1976 in 2018 soledad gallego díaz became its first ever female editor 58 years editor in chief 1976 1988 juan luis cebrián 1988 1993 joaquín estefanía es 1993 2006 jesús ceberio 2006 2014 javier moreno barber es 2014 2018 antonio caño 2018 2020 soledad gallego díaz 2020 2021 javier moreno barber 2021 2025 pepa bueno 2025 jan martínez ahrens es appearance edit the appearance of el país is characterized by its sobriety in both its treatment of information and its aesthetics most pages contain five columns arranged in a neat clear manner with distinct journalistic sub categories photographs and graphics play a secondary supporting role to the written word the newspaper had had the same design from its foundation until the end of 2007 with little change it previously used only black and white monochrome photographs although the current format includes color photographs and more imaginative design mainly in the varied supplements and the same times roman font 59 opinion polls cited in el país are all carried out by a separate company called instituto opina the newspaper s format was revamped on 21 october 2007 with changes to its printed form its digital presence on the internet and the replacement of its historical motto independent morning daily with global spanish language newspaper 60 the paper began to be published in tabloid format 61 other notable changes are the inclusion of the acute accent in its title header and the substitution of times roman by majerit a specially commissioned plain serif font 62 electronic edition edit in the mid 1990s el país was the second spanish newspaper to publish an internet edition el país digital the first was the catalan newspaper avui on 18 november 2002 it became the first spanish newspaper to introduce a payment system for access to the contents of its electronic version which drastically reduced the number of visits to the website to the extent that el mundo which maintained open access to the majority of its contents became the leading spanish digital newspaper after taking this decision el país digital was suspended in 2002 by the oficina de justificación de la difusión for four months because of two serious breaches of ojd regulations 63 the el país digital website opened again on 3 june 2005 with free access to the majority of the contents subscription was required to gain access to multimedia content and to the newspaper s archive on 26 november 2013 el país launched a digital edition in portuguese in october 2014 el país launched a digital edition in catalan 64 in february 2021 it ceased distribution of printed versions in european countries outside of spain 65 el país also translates to english a selection of articles from all of its editions in may 2024 el país launched a us edition el país us all its information is produced by a newsroom on the ground with coverage spanning from new york and chicago to los angeles and houston 14 supplements edit el país produces a number of supplements fridays ocio english leisure supplement on cultural activities saturdays babelia cultural supplement icon monthly supplement for men smoda women s magazine aimed at real modern urban and sophisticated women el viajero english the traveler on travel sundays the magazine el país semanal english el país weekly previously called ep s on fashion reports and opinion negocios english business financial supplement ideas a discussion of current events published every sunday a number of publications issued in installments have also been produced throughout its history citation needed ideological stance edit the paper is characterized by the amount of space it gives to the reporting of international news culture and information regarding the economy as well as spanish news it has specific columnists and contributors from different social backgrounds contributing to the democratic and pro european editorial line of the newspaper the paper s ideology has been defined by a leaning towards europeanism progressivism and social liberalism 66 politically it was situated in the centre left during most of spain s transition to democracy 20 it regularly criticized the conservative government of mariano rajoy 2011 2018 over corruption scandals economic performance and a do nothing approach to the catalan crisis 67 in the late 1970s and 1980s el país had close connections with the spanish socialist workers party psoe 22 the paper has repeatedly supported king juan carlos i for his contribution to the consolidation of democracy especially for his decisive intervention in aborting the coup of 23 february 1981 68 notable contributors edit ariel dorfman jua...
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