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Text of the page (random words):
the jpeg filename extension is jpg or jpeg nearly every digital camera can save images in the jpeg format which supports eight bit grayscale images and 24 bit color images eight bits each for red green and blue jpeg applies lossy compression to images which can result in a significant reduction of the file size applications can determine the degree of compression to apply and the amount of compression affects the visual quality of the result when not too great the compression does not noticeably affect or detract from the image s quality but jpeg files suffer generational degradation when repeatedly edited and saved jpeg also provides lossless image storage but the lossless version is not widely supported gif edit the gif graphics interchange format is in normal use limited to an 8 bit palette or 256 colors while 24 bit color depth is technically possible 1 2 gif is most suitable for storing graphics with few colors such as simple diagrams shapes logos and cartoon style images as it uses lzw lossless compression which is more effective when large areas have a single color and less effective for photographic or dithered images due to gif s simplicity and age it achieved almost universal software support due to its animation capabilities it is still widely used to provide image animation effects despite its low compression ratio compared to modern video formats png edit the png portable network graphics file format was created as a free open source alternative to gif the png file format supports 8 bit 256 colors paletted images with optional transparency for all palette colors and 24 bit truecolor 16 million colors or 48 bit truecolor with and without an alpha channel while gif supports only 8 bit palettes with a single transparent color compared to jpeg png excels when the image has large uniformly colored areas even for photographs where jpeg is often the choice for final distribution since its lossy compression typically yields smaller file sizes png is still well suited to storing images during the editing process because of its lossless compression png provides a patent free replacement for gif though gif is now patent free and can also replace many common uses of tiff indexed color grayscale and truecolor images are supported plus an optional alpha channel the adam7 interlacing allows an early preview even when only a small percentage of the image data has been transmitted useful in online viewing applications like web browsers png can store gamma and chromaticity data as well as icc profiles for accurate color matching on heterogeneous platforms animated formats derived from png are mng and apng which is backwards compatible with png and supported by most browsers jpeg 2000 edit jpeg 2000 is a compression standard enabling both lossless and lossy storage the compression methods used are different from the ones in standard jfif jpeg they improve quality and compression ratios but also require more computational power to process jpeg 2000 also adds features that are missing in jpeg it is not nearly as common as jpeg but it is used currently in professional movie editing and distribution some digital cinemas for example use jpeg 2000 for individual movie frames webp edit webp is an open image format released in 2010 that uses both lossless and lossy compression it was designed by google to reduce image file size to speed up web page loading its principal purpose is to supersede jpeg as the primary format for photographs on the web webp is based on vp8 s intra frame coding and uses a container based on riff in 2011 3 google added an extended file format allowing webp support for animation icc profile xmp and exif metadata and tiling the support for animation allowed for converting older animated gifs to animated webp the webp container i e riff container for webp allows feature support over and above the basic use case of webp i e a file containing a single image encoded as a vp8 key frame the webp container provides additional support for lossless compression an image can be losslessly compressed using the webp lossless format metadata an image may have metadata stored in exif or xmp formats transparency an image may have transparency i e an alpha channel color profile an image may have an embedded icc profile as described by the international color consortium animation an image may have multiple frames with pauses between them making it an animation 4 hdr raster formats edit most typical raster formats cannot store hdr data 32 bit floating point values per pixel component which is why some relatively old or complex formats are still predominant here and worth mentioning separately newer alternatives are showing up though rgbe is the format for hdr images originating from radiance and also supported by adobe photoshop jpeg hdr is a file format from dolby labs similar to rgbe encoding standardized as jpeg xt part 2 jpeg xt part 7 includes support for encoding floating point hdr images in the base 8 bit jpeg file using enhancement layers encoded with four profiles a d profile a is based on the rgbe format and profile b on the xdepth format from trellis management heif edit the high efficiency image file format heif is an image container format that was standardized by mpeg on the basis of the iso base media file format while heif can be used with any image compression format the heif standard specifies the storage of hevc intra coded images and hevc coded image sequences taking advantage of inter picture prediction avif edit avif is an image container that is used to store av1 encoded images it was created by alliance for open media aomedia and is completely open source and royalty free it supports encoding images in 8 10 and 12 bit depth jpeg xl edit jpeg xl is a royalty free raster graphics file format that supports both lossy and lossless compression it supports reversible recompression of existing jpeg files as well as high precision hdr up to 32 bit floating point values per pixel component it is designed to be usable for both delivery and authoring use cases authoring and interchange formats edit tiff edit the tiff tag image file format format is a flexible format usually using either the tiff or tif filename extension the tag structure was designed to be easily extendible and many vendors have introduced proprietary special purpose tags with the result that no one reader handles every flavor of tiff file tiffs can be lossy or lossless depending on the technique chosen for storing the pixel data some offer relatively good lossless compression for bi level black white images some digital cameras can save images in tiff format using the lzw compression algorithm for lossless storage tiff image format is not widely supported by web browsers but it remains widely accepted as a photograph file standard in the printing business tiff can handle device specific color spaces such as the cmyk defined by a particular set of printing press inks ocr optical character recognition software packages commonly generate some form of tiff image often monochromatic for scanned text pages bmp edit the bmp file format windows bitmap is a raster based device independent file type designed in the early days of computer graphics it handles graphic files within the microsoft windows os typically bmp files are uncompressed and therefore large and lossless their advantage is their simple structure and wide acceptance in windows programs ppm pgm pbm and pnm edit netpbm format is a family including the portable pixmap file format ppm the portable graymap file format pgm and the portable bitmap file format pbm these are either pure ascii files or raw binary files with an ascii header that provide very basic functionality and serve as a lowest common denominator for converting pixmap graymap or bitmap files between different platforms several applications refer to them collectively as pnm portable any map container formats of raster graphics editors edit these image formats contain various images layers and objects out of which the final image is to be composed by raster graphics editors afphoto affinity photo document cd5 chasys draw image clip clip studio paint cpt corel photo paint kra krita mdp medibang and firealpaca 5 pdn paint dot net pld photoline document psd adobe photoshop document psp corel paint shop pro sai paint tool sai xcf experimental computing facility format native gimp format other raster formats edit bpg better portable graphics an image format from 2014 its purpose is to replace jpeg when quality or file size is an issue to that end it features a high data compression ratio based on a subset of the hevc video compression standard including lossless compression in addition it supports various meta data such as exif deep iff style format used by tvpaint drw drawn file ecw enhanced compression wavelet fits flexible image transport system flif free lossless image format a discontinued lossless image format which claims to outperform png lossless webp lossless bpg and lossless jpeg 2000 in terms of compression ratio it uses the maniac meta adaptive near zero integer arithmetic coding entropy encoding algorithm a variant of the cabac context adaptive binary arithmetic coding entropy encoding algorithm ico container for one or more icons subsets of bmp and or png ilbm iff style format for up to 32 bit in planar representation plus optional 64 bit extensions img erdas imagine image img graphics environment manager gem image file planar run length encoded jpeg xr jpeg standard based on microsoft hd photo nrrd nearly raw raster data pam portable arbitrary map late addition to the netpbm family pcx picture exchange obsolete pgf progressive graphics file sgi silicon graphics image native raster graphics file format for silicon graphics workstations sid multiresolution seamless image database mrsid sun raster obsolete tga targa obsolete vicar file format nasa jpl image transport format xisf extensible image serialization format 6 qoi quite ok image format simple lossless format sometimes used for game development vector formats edit further information vector graphics as opposed to the raster image formats above where the data describes the characteristics of each individual pixel vector image formats contain a geometric description which can be rendered smoothly at any desired display size at some point all vector graphics must be rasterized in order to be displayed on digital monitors vector images may also be displayed with analog crt technology such as that used in some electronic test equipment medical monitors radar displays laser shows and early video games plotters are printers that use vector data rather than pixel data to draw graphics cgm edit cgm computer graphics metafile is a file format for 2d vector graphics raster graphics and text and is defined by iso iec 8632 all graphical elements can be specified in a textual source file that can be compiled into a binary file or one of two text representations cgm provides a means of graphics data interchange for computer representation of 2d graphical information independent from any particular application system platform or device it has been adopted to some extent in the areas of technical illustration and professional design but has largely been superseded by formats such as svg and dxf gerber format rs 274x edit the gerber format aka extended gerber rs 274x is a 2d bi level image description format developed by ucamco it is the de facto standard format for printed circuit board or pcb software 7 svg edit svg scalable vector graphics is an open standard created and developed by the world wide web consortium to address the need and attempts of several corporations for a versatile scriptable and all purpose vector format for the web and otherwise the svg format does not have a compression scheme of its own but due to the textual nature of xml an svg graphic can be compressed using a program such as gzip because of its scripting potential svg is a key component in web applications interactive web pages that look and act like applications other 2d vector formats edit afdesign affinity designer document ai adobe illustrator artwork proprietary file format developed by adobe systems cdr proprietary format for coreldraw vector graphics editor draw a native vector graphic format in several backward compatible versions for the risc os computer system begun by acorn in the mid 1980s and still present on that platform today drawingml used in office open xml documents gem metafiles interpreted and written by the graphics environment manager vdi subsystem gle graphics layout engine graphics scripting language hp gl hewlett packard graphics language introduced on hewlett packard plotters but generalized into a printer language hvif haiku vector icon format lottie format for vector graphics animation mathml mathematical markup language an application of xml for describing mathematical notations naplps north american presentation layer protocol syntax odg opendocument graphics pgml precision graphics markup language a w3c submission that was not adopted as a recommendation pstricks and pgf tikz are languages for creating graphics in tex documents qcc used by quilt manager by quilt ez for designing quilts 8 regis remote graphic instruction set used by dec computer terminals remote imaging protocol system for sending vector graphics over low bandwidth links tinyvg binary simpler alternative to svg 9 vml vector markup language obsolete xml based format xar format used in vector applications from xara xps open xml paper specification page description language and a fixed document format 3d vector formats edit this section may contain material unrelated to the topic of the article and should be moved to list of file formats computer aided design instead please help improve this section or discuss this issue on the talk page may 2021 learn how and when to remove this message amf additive manufacturing file format asymptote a language that lifts tex to 3d blend blender collada dgn dwf dwg dxf edrawings 10 flt openflight fvrml and fx3d function based extensions of vrml and x3d gltf 3d asset delivery format glb binary version hsf 11 iges jt ma maya ascii format 12 mb maya binary format 13 obj wavefront opengex open game engine exchange ply pov ray scene description language prc step skp stl a stereolithography format u3d universal 3d file format vrml virtual reality modeling language xaml xgl 14 xvl xvrml x3d 3df 15 3dm 16 3ds autodesk 3d studio 3dxml x3d vector format used in 3d applications from xara compound formats edit see also metafile these are formats containing both pixel and vector data possible other data e g the interactive features of pdf eps encapsulated postscript modca mixed object document content architecture pdf portable document format postscript a page description language with strong graphics capabilities pict classic macintosh quickdraw file wmf emf windows metafile en...
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