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description= Cricket From the Dim and Distant Past;
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country it had been spotted near vallance s house and so giffard was arrested he confessed almost immediately even though his letters to vallance from prison suggested he did not quite grasp the enormity of the situation after a hearing before magistrates on 4 december 1952 giffard s case was heard at cornwall assizes on 3 february 1953 it lasted four days he was only charged with the murder of his father there was no dispute from the defence that giffard had murdered his parents the question was whether he was legally insane when he did so his defence was insanity and the arguments ultimately came down to this point there were parallels to edmund kesteven s story in late 1894 the former professional cricketer had murdered his common law wife after weeks possibly years of increasingly eccentric behaviour that might have been precipitated by a blow to the head by a cricket ball there had been no clear motive other than a combustable relationship fuelled by alcohol although kesteven had shown little interest in his own fate his friends had organised his defence and argued that he was legally insane but that was incredibly hard to prove in a court at the time legal insanity was defined by the so called m naghten rules from 1843 that every man is to be presumed to be sane and that to establish a defence on the ground of insanity it must be clearly proved that at the time of the committing of the act the party accused was labouring under such a defect of reason from disease of the mind as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing or if he did know it that he did not know he was doing what was wrong for kesteven this threshold was too difficult to prove he was found guilty and hanged in 1895 giffard faced a situation practically unchanged almost sixty years later the m naghten rules were still in force but as the understanding of mental illness has grown over the intervening period this definition was viewed as increasingly weak and narrow particularly when a guilty verdict for a capital crime meant death even someone in the grip of medically recognised psychosis could still be hanged under this rule as long as it could be proved they knew what they were doing and knew that it was wrong just like kesteven s defence giffard s lawyers had to prove that either he did not know that his actions would have harmed his parents or that he did not realise that killing them was wrong even if he could have been proven to be medically insane such as a confirmed diagnosis of schizophrenia that would not have been enough the prosecution contended that giffard had simply murdered his parents to spend the day with his girlfriend the defence countered that this showed insanity and that his subsequent actions meant that his arrest was inevitable he was driving to the gallows differing medical testimony was offered defence experts said that he was schizophrenic and had been at the time of the murders so would not have known that his actions were wrong prosecution experts said that he was not mentally ill that he had shown sane premeditation particularly his letter to vallance about killing his father and had been causing hurt to his parents his whole life legally there was little room for manoeuvre because insanity was such a high bar to clear on 6 february 1953 in just 35 minutes the jury found giffard guilty of murder the judge who had no choice after such a verdict sentenced him to death he was hanged on 24 february 1953 but the m naghten rules would not hold the same weight for much longer in 1957 a new provision was introduced as part of the homicide act the defence of diminished responsibility a killer found to be suffering from a medically recognised abnormality of mental functioning could be convicted of manslaughter rather than murder and therefore spared the death penalty albeit with an almost certain life sentence someone like kesteven or giffard would likely have been able to prove that mental illness was affecting their judgement or their self control the insanity defence was no longer necessary because diminished responsibility was much easier to prove the criminal procedure insanity act of 1964 and the abolition of the death penalty in 1965 further refined the arguments even if the m naghten rules are technically still in force in the united kingdom even today but such matters move beyond the scope of an article about a supposed cricketer such a brutal murder remained in the public mind for a long time newspapers frequently revisited the story it featured regularly in various retrospectives until the 1970s and still makes occasional appearances and in 1970 it was dramatised as part of a series called conceptions of murder for london weekend television in an episode called conversation piece john castle played giffard in addition numerous books about murders and murderers included giffard there was a sensationalist tint to such retellings but a shift gradually occurred later writers offered more sympathy to giffard than was displayed at the time as understanding of mental illness increased the legal question of insanity was closely intertwined with most of these retellings and particularly in later years the idea that the verdict was perhaps unjust for a man who clearly had some form of mental illness even if one not robust enough to satisfy the m naghten rules giffard s obvious issues earlier in life were seen as warning signs that were ignored and writers just as giffard s defence team and neustatter had done pointed fingers of blame at giffard s father and the difficult relationship between the two even today the story of the double murders features in podcasts documentaries and news articles each version of the story mentions giffard s cricket background no matter how flimsy the association doubtless the particularly gruesome killings and giffard s apparent cold bloodedness remain a source of fascination so too the suspicion that the legal system of 1955 was not quite developed enough for the complexities of the case and yet the suspicion lingers that even after seventy years there is still the element of wonder that harks back to an earlier time and an earlier social framework how could a public schoolboy commit such horrific crimes and how could a cricketer stoop so low share this share on reddit opens in new window reddit print opens in new window print share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on pinterest opens in new window pinterest email a link to a friend opens in new window email share on whatsapp opens in new window whatsapp share on linkedin opens in new window linkedin share on threads opens in new window threads share on x opens in new window x share on bluesky opens in new window bluesky like loading leave a comment a want of gratitude the untidy resolution of the nottinghamshire strike 16 february 2026 old ebor 1880s cricket alfred shaw amateur cricket arthur shrewsbury cricket cricket and class henry holden john selby lord harris nottinghamshire nottinghamshire strike of 1881 professional cricket strike wages william scotton alfred shaw amateur cricket arthur shrewsbury benefits charles alcock fred morley henry holden henry perkins john selby lord harris nottinghamshire nottinghamshire strike professional cricket wages walter attewell walter wright wilfred flowers william barnes william gunn william scotton the leaders of the 1881 strike alfred shaw image wikipedia and arthur shrewsbury image wikipedia what had begun as a dispute over the title of a cricket match quickly escalated into a test of authority at a time when amateurs had seized control of english cricket from the professionals who had popularised it two nottinghamshire players sought to assert what they saw as their rights before the 1881 season alfred shaw and arthur shrewsbury agreed to play in bradford for a team that was to be styled as nottinghamshire organised without the approval of nottinghamshire county cricket club the committee of the club in the person of henry holden the honorary secretary protested strongly and a series of letters passed between the various parties neither side showed any willingness to back down the crucial turning point came when shaw and shrewsbury were joined by five other professionals john selby fred morley william barnes william scotton and wilfred flowers who presented a list of demands in a letter to the committee the first of these was that shaw and shrewsbury should be able to play at bradford for an unofficial team styled nottinghamshire second that the seven rebels should be guaranteed selection for all county matches that season the usual practice then and for many many years later was for the players to be selected one match at a time finally that they would receive a guaranteed benefit match after ten years of playing for the county again this was unprecedented benefits were granted by county committees to players seen as deserving but were often dependent upon the state of county finances these were not mere demands for individual gain they were a challenge to the authority of the nottinghamshire committee the resulting dispute variously labelled as the nottinghamshire strike or the nottinghamshire schism almost tore the county apart in the aftermath of this letter the claims and counter claims further poisoned relationships between the already entrenched sides the rebels insisted that one of the committee captain william denison who had previously been the mp for nottingham had suggested each of their requests would potentially have been acceptable and shaw offered to apologise on behalf of the rebels for their non attendance at the committee meeting to which they had earlier been summoned but correspondence later leaked to the press continued and attitudes hardened the nottinghamshire assistant secretary edwin brown now insisted that any such apology from shaw had to be in writing shaw replied in a dismissive telegram that he was playing in edinburgh for the next three days would not sign any agreement and would only play on the terms submitted brown also wrote privately to shaw suggesting that selby was negotiating separately a meeting of the committee on 7 may seemed to finalise the position of the county unless the players apologised and signed the new agreement they would not be selected the committee also informed the players that no benefits would be guaranteed as the committee have not the power to make such promises only the annual general meeting could grant benefits for each upcoming season lord harris in the 1880s image wikipedia four of the players including shaw appeared for the mcc against a colts of england team on 9 may at the game lord harris who had played with several of the rebels when he captained england in the 1880 test match advised them to apologise for not meeting the nottinghamshire committee and accept the county s terms at the same game denison met shaw and supposedly guaranteed that if he apologised on behalf of the rebels the seven would be selected for the rest of the season shaw indicated that the players might be willing to accept such terms but the committee later insisted denison was speaking only in a personal capacity not in any official sense and shaw s retort that the dispute would not have arisen under the three previous secretaries was further evidence that the matter had become a deeply personal one in a letter from the committee dated 18 may the rebels were invited to represent nottinghamshire against sussex from 26 may all seven played but met the committee during the match to ask why they had only been selected for one match after it had been arranged by captain denison that they would be engaged for the season they also pressed that if the committee could not guarantee a benefit did they agree that a player should be entitled to one after ten years and would they agree to the bradford match being listed as an eleven of nottingham selected by alfred shaw in a formal written reply to the questions holden suggested that denison had not told the committee of any such offer but they would adhere to any pledge he had actually made he hedged on the ten year issue merely agreeing that each deserving player should be recommended from time to time to the annual general meeting for a benefit and that the committee could not allow the use of nottingham or notts in any matches not arranged by them but the bradford match could be styled as being played by alfred shaw s eleven another invitation to the players was issued for the lancashire match of 2 june but holden made clear that any player who did not reply would be presumed to have declined to appear and someone else would be selected instead the five rebels who joined shaw and shrewsbury john selby image wikipedia fred morley image wikipedia william barnes image wikipedia william scotton image wikipedia and wilfred flowers image wikipedia on 30 may the committee met and agreed to offer a whole year s guarantee to five of the seven rebels but not to scotton or flowers and invited all seven to play against lancashire the local press were critical of this unprecedented offer suggesting that it was unwise to make such a concession to the professionals they also blamed the precedent set by the financial greed of the 1880 australians but the seven rebels collectively refused the offer reasoning that it should be all or none who were given the guarantee however a report in the derby daily telegraph on 4 june suggested that fred morley had written to holden accepting the invitation to play unaware that shaw had declined on his behalf and arrived at the ground on the morning of the match on becoming aware of the situation he withdrew from the team it was at the beginning of june just before the lancashire match that the press became aware of what was happening when it became known that seven nottinghamshire players would be absent from that game there was some speculation for example in the burton and derby gazette on 1 june that the seven rebels would make up an eleven and take the representation of the county out of the hands of the committee when the story emerged publicly in june holden offered his side of the tale to the press he argued that all interest in nottinghamshire and yorkshire matches would be lost if any yorkshire town could advertise the county sides as playing there he also said that the committee have evidence to prove that one of the seven said as far back as 1879 that he did not see why the eleven should not arrange their own matches take the gate money c as for a nottinghamshire match organised by the then captain richard daft in 1873 cited by shaw and shrewsbury as a precedent for players organising county matches independently holden said that the committee had objected at the time and that in any case the game predated the practice established by 1881 of the county secretaries meeting at lord s to arrange fixtures he also noted that the committee would not have...
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