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description= 15 posts published by Lars Syll during November 2016;
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jupare ämneskunskaper och ämnesförståelse dessa siffror visar vad som borde vara allmänt känt inom utbildningsforskningen utvärderingssystemet påverkar verksamheten i betydligt högre grad än styrdokument och allmänna målsättningar elever tenderar att bli bättre på just den typ av prov som används som utvärderingsinstrument men inte nödvändigtvis på andra typer av prov även om ett större inslag av teaching to the test inte definitionsmässigt är dåligt så tyder inte den svenska erfarenheten på att det är en självklar väg till bättre resultat visst är det möjligt att utvecklingen hade varit ännu sämre utan de nationella provens ökade betydelse men samtidigt finns det en uppenbar möjlighet att motsatsen är sann jonas vlachos the elite illusion 28 nov 2016 at 15 25 posted in statistics econometrics comments off on the elite illusion the results reported here suggest that an exam school education produces only scattered gains for applicants even among students with baseline scores close to or above the mean in the target school because the exam school experience is associated with sharp increases in peer achievement these results weigh against the importance of peer effects in the education production function of course test scores and peer effects are only part of the exam school story it may be that preparation for exam school entrance is itself worth while the many clubs and activities found at some exam schools may expose students to ideas and concepts not easily captured by achievement tests or our post secondary outcomes it is also possible that exam school graduates earn higher wages a question we plan to explore in future work still the estimates reported here suggest that any labor market gains are likely to come through channels other than peer composition and increased cognitive achievement our results are also relevant to the economic debate around school quality and school choice as with the jump in house prices at school district boundaries heavy rates of exam school oversubscription suggest that parents believe peer composition matters a great deal for their children s welfare the fact that we find little support for causal peer effects suggests that parents either mistakenly equate attractive peers with high value added or that they value exam schools for reasons other than their impact on learning both of these scenarios reduce the likelihood that school choice in and of itself has strong salutary demand side effects in education production a abdulkadiroglu j d angrist and p a pathak results based on one of the latest fads in econometrics regression discontinuity design if unfamiliar with the technique here s a video giving some of the basics the economist economics prone to fads and methodological crazes 27 nov 2016 at 18 49 posted in economics 2 comments when a hot new tool arrives on the scene it should extend the frontiers of economics and pull previously unanswerable questions within reach what might seem faddish could in fact be economists piling in to help shed light on the discipline s darkest corners some economists however argue that new methods also bring new dangers rather than pushing economics forward crazes can lead it astray especially in their infancy a paper by angus deaton a nobel laureate and expert data digger and nancy cartwright an economist sic at durham university argues that randomised control trials a current darling of the discipline enjoy misplaced enthusiasm rcts involve randomly assigning a policy to some people and not to others so that researchers can be sure that differences are caused by the policy analysis is a simple comparison of averages between the two mr deaton and ms cartwright have a statistical gripe they complain that researchers are not careful enough when calculating whether two results are significantly different from one another as a consequence they suspect that a sizeable portion of published results in development and health economics using rcts are unreliable with time economists should learn when to use their shiny new tools but there is a deeper concern that fashions and fads are distorting economics by nudging the profession towards asking particular questions and hiding bigger ones from view mr deaton s and ms cartwright s fear is that rcts yield results while appearing to sidestep theory and that without knowing why things happen and why people do things we run the risk of worthless causal fairy story theorising and we have given up on one of the central tasks of economics another fundamental worry is that by offering alluringly simple ways of evaluating certain policies economists lose sight of policy questions that are not easily testable using rcts such as the effects of institutions monetary policy or social norms the economist for my own take on the rct fad here here and here still no 1 27 nov 2016 at 11 58 posted in varia 1 comment om ekonomiskt vetande fronesis nr 54 55 26 nov 2016 at 15 37 posted in economics comments off on om ekonomiskt vetande fronesis nr 54 55 efter den globala finanskrisen 2008 har den ekonomiska vetenskapen hamnat i blickfånget studentrörelser och heterodoxa ekonomer har kritiserat det dominerande ekonomiska paradigmet och krävt ökad pluralism den senaste tidens politiska utveckling har blottat nyliberalismens brister och aktualiserat frågan om dess koppling till den ekonomiska vetenskapen i fronesis nr 54 55 fördjupar vi oss i det ekonomiska vetandets förutsättningar vänstern har länge inriktat sitt samhällsteoretiska och politiska intresse mot kulturella och symboliska aspekter av makt och dominans men har mer eller mindre lämnat det ekonomiska fältet därhän med fronesis nr 54 55 vill vi röra oss bortom en simpel kritik av nationalekonomin och fördjupa förståelsen av villkoren för det ekonomiska vetandet numret introducerar för en svensk publik en rad centrala samtida teoretiker som belyser frågorna ur olika perspektiv innehåll kajsa borgnäs och anders hylmö det ekonomiska vetandet i förändring ladda ner som pdf anders hylmö den moderna nationalekonomin som vetenskaplig stil och disciplin dimitris milonakis lärdomar från krisen marion fourcade étienne ollion och yann algan ekonomernas överlägsenhet kajsa borgnäs utanför boxen eller vad är heterodox nationalekonomi lars pålsson syll tony lawson och kritiken av den nationalekonomiska vetenskapen en introduktion tony lawson den heterodoxa ekonomins natur josef taalbi realistisk ekonomisk teori erik bengtsson den heterodoxa nationalekonomins materiella förutsättningar julie a nelson genusmetaforer och nationalekonomi linda nyberg nyliberalism politik och ekonomi philip mirowski den politiska rörelsen som inte vågade säga sitt namn jason read en genealogi över homo oeconomicus kajsa borgnäs den vetenskapliga ekonomins politiska makt daniel hirschman och elizabeth popp berman skapar nationalekonomer politik peter gerlach marika lindgren åsbrink och ola pettersson intervjuade av daniel mathisen allt annat lika the use of mathematics in physics and economics 26 nov 2016 at 12 31 posted in economics comments off on the use of mathematics in physics and economics my idea is to examine the most well known works of a selection of the most famous neoclassical economists in the period from 1945 to the present my survey of well known works by four famous mathematical neoclassical economists samuelson arrow debreu prescott who all won the nobel prize for economics has not revealed any precise explanations or successful predictions this supports my conjecture that the use of mathematics in mainstream or neoclassical economics has not produced any precise explanations or successful predictions this i would claim is the main difference between neoclassical economics and physics where both precise explanations and successful predictions have often been obtained by the use of mathematics donald gillies share on facebook opens in new window facebook share on x opens in new window x share on bluesky opens in new window bluesky what we do in life echoes in eternity 25 nov 2016 at 18 45 posted in varia comments off on what we do in life echoes in eternity in science courage is to follow the motto of enlightenment and kant s dictum sapere aude to use your own understanding having the the courage to think for yourself and question received opinion authority or orthodoxy in our daily lives courage is a capability to confront fear as when in front of the powerful and mighty not to step back but stand up for one s rights not to be humiliated or abused in any ways by the rich and powerful dignity a better life or justice and rule of law are things worth fighting for not to step back creates courageous acts that stay in our memories and means something as when rosa parks sixty years ago on december 1 1955 in montgomery alabama refused to give up her seat to make room for a white passenger courage is to do the right thing in spite of danger and fear to keep on even if opportunities to turn back are given like in the great stories the ones where people have lots of chances of turning back but don t as when sir nicholas winton organised the rescue of 669 children destined for nazi concentration camps during world war ii or as when ernest shackleton in april 1916 aboard the small boat james caird spent 16 days crossing 1 300 km of ocean to reach south georgia then trekked across the island to a whaling station and finally could rescue the remaining men from the crew of endurance left on the elephant island not a single member of the expedition died what we do in life echoes in eternity 1980s nostalgia personal 25 nov 2016 at 17 16 posted in varia 1 comment my youngest born in 1999 asked me the other day what kind of music her dad listened to back in the swinging 80s so here linnea is a little taste of paternal nostalgia why is lm doesn t capture keynes approach to the economy 25 nov 2016 at 12 39 posted in economics 2 comments suppose workers are unemployed as a result although willing to work even at lower wages they are unable to buy consumption goods as a result firms are unable to sell those goods if they produced them so they do not employ the workers who as a consequence do not have the wages to buy the consumption goods the economy is caught in a vicious cycle of deficient demand according to the is lm framework this would lead to a fall in prices and wages raise real balances and boost demand but falling prices and wages might have the effect of both reducing effective demand and confidence deepening rather than resolving the problem of unemployment these considerations raise serious doubts whether the is lm approach despite being the standard representation fully captures the keynesian approach to the economy other than in name the appeal of the is lm lay not only in its formalisation of what is falsely taken to be keynes specific contribution but also in compromising with a walrasian approach to the economy ben fine and ourania dimakou have some further interesting references for those wanting to dwell upon the question of how much keynes really there is in hicks s is lm model my own view is that is lm doesn t adequately reflect the width and depth of keynes s insights on the workings of modern market economies for the following six reasons 1 almost nothing in the post general theory writings of keynes suggests him considering hicks s is lm anywhere near a faithful rendering of his thought in keynes s canonical statement of the essence of his theory in the famous 1937 quarterly journal of economics article there is nothing to even suggest that keynes would have thought the existence of a keynes hicks is lm theory anything but pure nonsense john hicks the man who invented is lm in his 1937 econometrica review of keynes general theory mr keynes and the classics a suggested interpretation returned to it in an article in 1980 is lm an explanation in journal of post keynesian economics self critically he wrote that the only way in which is lm analysis usefully survives as anything more than a classroom gadget to be superseded later on by something better is in application to a particular kind of causal analysis where the use of equilibrium methods even a drastic use of equilibrium methods is not inappropriate what hicks acknowledges in 1980 is basically that his original is lm model ignored significant parts of keynes theory is lm is inherently a temporary general equilibrium model however much of the discussions we have in macroeconomics is about timing and the speed of relative adjustments of quantities commodity prices and wages on which is lm doesn t have much to say 2 is lm forces to a large extent the analysis into a static comparative equilibrium setting that doesn t in any substantial way reflect the processual nature of what takes place in historical time to me keynes s analysis is in fact inherently dynamic at least in the sense that it was based on real historic time and not the logical ergodic non entropic time concept used in most neoclassical model building and as niels bohr used to say thinking is not the same as just being logical 3 is lm reduces interaction between real and nominal entities to a rather constrained interest mechanism which is far too simplistic for analyzing complex financialised modern market economies 4 is lm gives no place for real money but rather trivializes the role that money and finance play in modern market economies as hicks commenting on his is lm construct had it in 1980 one did not have to bother about the market for loanable funds from the perspective of modern monetary theory it s obvious that is lm to a large extent ignores the fact that money in modern market economies is created in the process of financing and not as is lm depicts it something that central banks determine 5 is lm is typically set in a current values numéraire framework that definitely downgrades the importance of expectations and uncertainty and a fortiori gives too large a role for interests as ruling the roost when it comes to investments and liquidity preferences in this regard it is actually as bad as all the modern microfounded neo walrasian new keynesian models where keynesian genuine uncertainty and expectations aren t really modelled especially the two dimensionality of keynesian uncertainty both a question of probability and confidence has been impossible to incorporate into this framework which basically presupposes people following the dictates of expected utility theory high probability may mean nothing if the agent has low confidence in it reducing uncertainty to risk implicit in most analyses building on is lm models is nothing but hand waving according to keynes we live in a world permeated by unmeasurable uncertainty not quantifiable stochastic risk which often forces us to make decisions based on anything but rational expectations keynes rather thinks that we base our expectations on the confidence or weight we put on different events and 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