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Text of the page (random words):
nitor reservations organize resources using labels scale autoscale groups of vms about autoscaling groups of vms create and manage autoscalers scale based on cpu utilization scale based on predictions scale based on load balancing serving capacity scale based on monitoring metrics scale based on schedules use an autoscaling policy with multiple signals manage autoscalers understand autoscaler decisions view autoscaler logs autoscale node groups reserve vm capacity choose a reservation type sharing reservations best practices for shared reservations allow a project to share reservations on demand reservations about on demand reservations create an on demand reservation for a single project for multiple projects combine an on demand reservation with a cud modify an on demand reservation delete an on demand reservation future reservations about future reservations create a reservation request for a single project for multiple projects modify a reservation request delete a reservation request future reservations in calendar mode about future reservations in calendar mode create a reservation request in calendar mode delete a reservation request in calendar mode view reservations or reservation requests consume a reservation prevent vms from consuming reservations load balancing about load balancing and scaling add an instance group to a load balancer request routing to a multi region external https load balancer cross region load balancing for microsoft iis backends set up internal tcp udp load balancing build reliable and scalable applications use autohealing for highly available applications use load balancing for highly available applications use autoscaling for highly scalable applications globally autoscale a web service on compute engine patterns for scalable and resilient applications patterns for using floating ip addresses on compute engine optimize resource utilization use recommendations to manage resources apply machine type recommendations to vms configure machine type recommendations apply machine type recommendations to migs view and apply idle resources recommendations view and understand vm insights view and understand mig insights manage idle vm recommendations idle vm recommendations overview view and apply idle vm recommendations configure idle vm recommendations manage reservation recommendations reservation recommendations overview view and apply idle reservation recommendations view and apply underutilized reservation recommendations configure idle reservation recommendations configure underutilized reservation recommendations overcommit cpus on sole tenant vms manual live migration about manual live migration manually live migrate vms share sole tenant node groups next generation dynamic resource management cost savings get discounts for committed usage about commitments and committed use discounts cuds resource based cuds purchase resource based commitments without attached reservations with attached reservations for os licenses manage resource based commitments renew commitments automatically extend commitment terms merge and split commitments upgrade commitments share resource based cuds across projects get discounts for sustained usage disk performance optimize hyperdisk performance optimize persistent disk performance optimize local ssd performance workload performance set the number of threads per core customize the number of visible cpu cores analyze the cpu performance using the pmu pmu overview enable the pmu in vms manage the pmu in vms network performance network bandwidth use google virtual nic use irdma network driver use idpf network interface configure a vm with higher bandwidth reduce latency by using compact placement policies optimize tcp network communication optimize tcp network performance optimize tcp network resiliency benchmark higher bandwidth vms optimize app latency with load balancing use dpdk to improve network performance network performance and gpu vms networking and gpu machines use higher network bandwidth patterns for using multiple host nics troubleshoot general tips troubleshoot connectivity troubleshoot rdp troubleshoot ssh troubleshoot os login troubleshoot vms troubleshoot vm operations troubleshoot vm creation troubleshoot resource availability errors troubleshoot bulk api vm creation troubleshoot vm reboots and shutdowns troubleshoot vm suspension troubleshoot vm updates troubleshoot unresponsive vms troubleshoot vm startup troubleshoot fstab errors troubleshoot kernel panic collecting core dumps rescue an inaccessible vm troubleshoot cpu bus locks troubleshoot cpu soft lockups troubleshoot vm configurations troubleshoot arm vms troubleshoot gpu vms troubleshoot nvidia gpu errors generate a nvidia bug report for blackwell gpus troubleshoot nested virtualization troubleshoot using vm screenshots troubleshoot sole tenant nodes troubleshoot vm performance issues troubleshoot sudoers files troubleshoot windows vms troubleshoot windows vms collecting diagnostic information troubleshoot using the serial console troubleshoot using the serial console viewing serial port output troubleshoot instance groups troubleshoot managed instance groups migs troubleshoot os management troubleshoot licenses troubleshoot image import and export troubleshooting sles pay as you go registration troubleshooting ubuntu pro registration troubleshoot metadata server troubleshoot metadata server troubleshoot networking issues troubleshoot common networking issues troubleshoot network drivers troubleshoot vm performance issues troubleshoot storage troubleshoot disk creation troubleshoot full disks and disk resizing troubleshoot disk encryption troubleshoot nvme disks troubleshoot instant snapshots troubleshoot standard snapshots troubleshoot reservations and commitments troubleshoot reservation creation troubleshoot reservation consumption troubleshooting reservation monitoring troubleshoot reservation updates troubleshoot future reservation creation and updates troubleshoot automatic commitment renewal troubleshoot quota errors troubleshoot concurrent operation quota errors troubleshoot workload authentication troubleshoot default service accounts troubleshoot workload to workload authentication ai and ml application development application hosting compute data analytics and pipelines databases distributed hybrid and multicloud industry solutions migration networking observability and monitoring security storage access and resources management costs and usage management infrastructure as code sdk languages frameworks and tools home documentation compute compute engine guides send feedback about ssh connections stay organized with collections save and categorize content based on your preferences linux windows compute engine uses key based ssh authentication to establish connections to linux virtual machine vm instances and additionally supports certificate based authentication for os login vms you can optionally enable ssh for windows vms by default passwords aren t configured for local users on linux vms before you can connect to a vm several configurations must be performed if you use the google cloud console or the google cloud cli to connect to your vms compute engine performs these configurations on your behalf compute engine performs different configurations depending on which tool you use to connect and whether you manage access to vms through metadata or os login os login is available only for linux vms note when a user connects to a vm that user can use all of the iam permissions granted to the service account attached to the vm metadata managed ssh connections by default compute engine uses custom project and or instance metadata to configure ssh keys and to manage ssh access all windows vms use metadata to manage ssh keys while linux vms can use metadata keys or os login if you use os login metadata ssh keys are disabled click each tab to learn more about the configurations compute engine performs before it grants ssh connections when you use the google cloud console the gcloud cli or third party tools to connect to vms if you connect to vms without using the google cloud console or the gcloud cli you must perform some configurations yourself console you use the ssh button in the google cloud console to connect to your vm compute engine sets a username and creates an ephemeral ssh key pair with the following configuration your username is set as the username in your google account for example if the email address associated with your google account is cloudysanfrancisco gmail com then your username is cloudysanfrancisco note you can override the default username by clicking the settings gear icon and selecting change linux username when you connect to the vm your public and private ssh keys are stored in your browser session your ssh key has an expiry of three minutes three minutes after compute engine creates the key you can t use the ssh key to connect to the vm anymore compute engine authenticates your ssh key and grants your connection compute engine uploads the public ssh key and username to metadata compute engine retrieves the ssh key and username from metadata creates a user account with the username and on linux vms stores the public key in your user s ssh authorized_keys file on the vm on windows vms compute engine doesn t store the public key on the vm compute engine grants your connection gcloud you use the gcloud compute ssh command to connect to your vm compute engine sets a username and creates a persistent ssh key pair with the following configurations your username is set as the username in your local machine note you can override the default username by providing a different username when you connect to the vm use the format username vm_name your public ssh key is stored in project metadata if compute engine can t store the ssh key in project metadata for example because block project ssh keys is set to true compute engine stores the ssh key in instance metadata your private ssh key is stored on your local machine your ssh key doesn t have an expiry it is used for all future ssh connections you make unless you configure a new key compute engine authenticates your ssh key and grants your connection compute engine uploads the public ssh key and username to metadata compute engine retrieves the ssh key and username from metadata creates a user account with the username and on linux vms stores the public key in your user s ssh authorized_keys file on the vm on windows vms compute engine doesn t store the public key on the vm compute engine grants your connection third party tools you create an ssh key pair and username see create ssh keys for details you upload the public key and username to metadata see add ssh keys to vms that use metadata based ssh keys for details you connect to the vm compute engine retrieves the ssh key and username from metadata creates a user account with the username and on linux vms stores the public key in your user s ssh authorized_keys file on the vm on windows vms compute engine doesn t store the public key on the vm compute engine grants your connection note google doesn t have access to your private key os login managed ssh connections note os login is only available for linux vms when you set os login metadata compute engine deletes the vm s authorized_keys files and no longer accepts connections from ssh keys that are stored in project or instance metadata os login supports connections from ssh keys that are associated with your google account and ssh certificates that are signed by the os login certificate authority you can optionally require os login to only allow connections using ssh certificates as described in require ssh certificates with os login ssh key connections click each tab to learn more about the configurations compute engine performs before it grants ssh connections when you use ssh keys to connect to vms compute engine performs different configurations depending on if you use the google cloud console the gcloud cli or third party tools to connect to vms if you connect using third party tools you must perform some configurations yourself console you use the ssh button in the google cloud console to connect to your vm compute engine sets a username and creates an ephemeral ssh key pair with the following configuration your username is the username set by your organization s cloud identity or google workspace administrator if your organization hasn t configured a username for you or your project doesn t belong to an organization compute engine uses your google account email in the following format username _ domain _ suffix for example if the email associated with your google account is cloudysanfrancisco gmail com then your generated username is cloudysanfrancisco_gmail_com your public ssh key is stored in your browser session and in your google account your private ssh key is stored in your browser session your ssh key has an expiry of three minutes three minutes after compute engine creates the key you can t use the ssh key to connect to the vm anymore compute engine authenticates your ssh key and grants your connection gcloud you use the gcloud compute ssh command to connect to your vm compute engine sets a username and creates a persistent ssh key pair with the following configurations your username is the username set by your organization s cloud identity or google workspace administrator if your organization hasn t configured a username for you compute engine uses your google account email in the following format username _ domain _ suffix for example if the email associated with your google account is cloudysanfrancisco gmail com then your generated username is cloudysanfrancisco_gmail_com your public ssh key is stored in your google account your private ssh key is stored on your local machine in the google_compute_engine file your ssh key doesn t have an expiry it is used for all future ssh connections you make unless you configure a new key compute engine authenticates your ssh key and grants your connection third party tools you create an ssh key pair see create ssh keys for details you upload your public ssh key to your os login profile see add keys to vms that use os login for details compute engine stores your key in your google account compute engine configures your username in the default format username _ domain _ suffix for example if the email associated with your google account is cloudysanfrancisco gmail com then your generated username is cloudysanfrancisco_gmail_com note to view the ssh keys stored in your os login profile run the gcloud compute os login describe profile command you optionally set a username with the google workspace admin sdk directory api you connect to the vm compute engine authenticates your ssh key and grants your connection ssh certificate connections click each tab to learn more about the configurations compute engine performs before it grants ssh connections wh...
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