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un substance identification number describing the material the lower left section gives the telephone number that should be called if special advice is needed the warning symbol in the top right indicates the general hazard class of the material the bottom right of the plate carries a company logo or name there is also a standard null hazchem plate to indicate the transport of non hazardous substances the null plate does not include an eac or substance identification the national chemical emergency centre ncec in the united kingdom provides a free online hazchem guide 2 emergency action code edit the emergency action code eac is a three character code displayed on all dangerous goods classed carriers and provides a quick assessment to first responders and emergency responders i e fire fighters and police of what actions to take should the carrier carrying such goods become involved in an incident traffic collision for example eacs are characterised by a single number 1 to 4 and either one or two letters depending on the hazard ncec was commissioned by the department for communities and local government clg to edit the eac list 2013 publication outlining the application of hazchem emergency action codes eac s for use in britain and now carries out regular updates of the list the dangerous goods emergency action code eac list is reviewed every two years and is an essential compliance document for all emergency services local government and for those who may control the planning for and prevention of emergencies involving dangerous goods the current eac list was authored by ricardo now part of wsp and is available on the emaq website with updates including new entries for sodium ion and lithium ion batteries 3 and published by the stationery office tso 4 in 2025 ncec now part of wsp has been at the heart of the uk eac system since its inception in the early 1970s the printed version of the book can be purchased from tso directly isbn 978 0 11 754174 0 or downloaded as a pdf file from the ricardo website 5 an older version is available as an archived document pdf file archived 2018 11 04 at the wayback machine from ncec s website hazchem fire suppression edit the number leading the eac indicates the type of fire suppressing agent that should be used to prevent or extinguish a fire caused by the chemical number action 1 coarse water spray 2 water fog or fine spray 6 2 alcohol resistant foam or fine water spray if necessary 3 foam 3 alcohol resistant foam or normal foam if necessary 4 dry agent never water these indicators are used only in product documentation and are displayed on vehicle plates as 2 and 3 respectively the system ranks suppression media in order of their suitability so that a fire may be fought with a suppression medium of equal or higher eac number 7 for example a chemical with eac number 2 indicating water fog may be fought additionally with media 3 foam or 4 dry agent but not with 1 coarse spray 7 this is especially important for chemicals requiring medium 4 dry agent as these chemicals react violently with water and so using lowered number media will be actively dangerous hazchem safety parameters edit each eac contains at least one letter which determines which category the chemical falls under and which also highlights the violence of the chemical i e likelihood to spontaneously combust explode etc what personal protective equipment to use while working around the chemical and what action to take when disposing of the chemical hazchem information within the nsw rural fire service firefighters pocket book category violence protection substance control p v full dilute r s v ba s ba for fire only t ba t ba for fire only w v full contain x y v ba y ba for fire only z ba z ba for fire only e consider evacuation comparison denoting the difference between ppe deployment with 3ye chemicals each category is assigned a letter to determine what actions are required when handling containing and disposing of the chemical in question eight major categories exist which are commonly denoted by a black letter on a white background four subcategories exist which specifically deal with what type of personal protective equipment responders must wear when handling the emergency denoted by a white letter on a black background in australia with the update of the australian dangerous goods code volume 7 as of 2010 the white letter on a black background has been removed making ba breathing apparatus a requirement at all large incidents regardless of whether the substance is involved in a fire if a category is classed as violent this means that the chemical can be violently or explosively reactive 6 either with the atmosphere or water or both which could be marked by the dangerous when wet symbol protection is divided up into three categories of personal protective equipment full ba and ba for fire only full denotes that full personal protective equipment provisions must be used around and in contact with the chemical which will usually include a portable breathing apparatus and water tight and chemical proof suit ba acronym for breathing apparatus specifies that a portable breathing apparatus must be used at all times in and around the chemical and ba for fire only specifies that a breathing apparatus is not necessary for short exposure periods to the chemical but is required if the chemical is alight ba for fire only is denoted within the emergency action code as a white letter on a black background while a black letter on a white background denotes breathing apparatus at all times when changing the background colour is not possible such as with handwriting the use of brackets means the same as a black background 3 y e means the same as 3 y e a white letter on a black background substance control specifies what to do with the chemical in the event of a spill either dilute or contain dilute means that the chemical may be washed down the drain with large quantities of water contain requires that the spillage must not come in contact with drains or water courses in the event of a chemical incident the eac may specify that an evacuation may be necessary as the chemical poses a public hazard which may extend beyond the immediate vicinity if evacuation is not possible advice to stay in doors and secure all points of ventilation may be necessary this condition is denoted by an e at the end of any emergency action code it is an optional letter depending on the nature of the chemical examples edit 3 y e use foam or dry agent substance reacts violently is explosive ba use is essential evacuate vicinity contain spill 3 y e use foam or dry agent substance reacts violently is explosive use ba if fire present evacuate vicinity contain spill 2 r use fog foam or dry agent substance is not violent use full ppe dilute spill 4 x use dry agent only substance is not violent full ppe essential contain spill 1 s e use jets fog foam or dry agent ba for fire only evacuate vicinity dilute spill a very commonly displayed example is 3ye on petrol tankers this means that a fire must be fought using foam or dry agent if a small fire that it can react violently and is explosive that fire fighters must wear a portable breathing apparatus at all times or if a white on black y only if there is a fire and that the run off needs to be contained it also indicates to the incident controller that evacuation of the surrounding area may be necessary calculation of hazchem action code for multi loads or sites with multiple hazchem codes edit example 8 9 there are three substances to be carried as a multi load having emergency action codes of 3y 2s and 4we 1st character number the first character of the eac for each of the three substances is 3 2 and 4 the highest number must be taken as the first character of the code for the multi load and therefore the first character will be 4 the bullet in 2s is not assigned to the mixed load because other eacs do not include a bullet chart used to determine the correct hazchem letter code to be used when transporting multi loads 2nd character letter the second character for the eac for each of the three substances is y s and w the correct character to use may be determined with the chart on the right taking the y along the top row of the chart and the s along the left hand column the intersection is at y and therefore the character for the first two substances would be y this resultant character y is then taken along the top row and the character for the third substance w is taken along the left hand column the intersection point is now w the second character of the code for the three substances is therefore w the second character can also be determined using the table below when assigning a new character to a multi load eac three things must be taken into consideration substance control if any one of the hazardous chemicals require containment the entire load must be contained protection if any one of the hazardous chemicals require the use of full ppe the entire load requires the use of full ppe and violence if any one of the hazardous chemicals are violent the entire load must be considered violent working from right to left with the table below the new second character for a multi load can be determined the following examples will act as a guideline for the method example 1 a multi load consisting of category p and t hazardous chemicals first compare the substance control method of both categories in this example both categories should be diluted so the resulting character will align with dilute in the table second compare the protection required by the two categories in this example category p requires full ppe and category t requires the use of breathing apparatus so the resulting character will align with full in the table third compare the violence of the two categories in this example category p is considered violent and category t is not so the resulting character will align with v in the table combining the three requirements the resultant category is p which is violent requires full ppe and should be diluted example 2 a multi load consisting of category r and z hazardous chemicals first compare the substance control method of both categories in this example category r should be diluted and category z should be contained so the resulting character will align with contain in the table second compare the protection required by the two categories in this example category r requires full ppe and category z requires the use of breathing apparatus so the resulting character will align with full in the table third compare the violence of the two categories in this example both categories are considered non violent so the resulting character will align with a blank space in the table combining the three requirements the resultant category is x which is non violent requires full ppe and should be contained example 3 a multi load consisting of category t and z hazardous chemicals first compare the substance control method of both categories in this example category t should be diluted and category z should be contained so the resulting character will align with contain in the table second compare the protection required by the two categories in this example both categories require the use of breathing apparatus so the resulting character will align with ba in the table third compare the violence of the two categories in this example both categories are considered non violent so the resulting character will align with a blank space in the table combining the three requirements the resultant category is z which is non violent requires the use of breathing apparatus and should be contained category violence protection substance control p v full dilute r s v ba s ba for fire only t ba t ba for fire only w v full contain x y v ba y ba for fire only z ba z ba for fire only e consider evacuation letter e the third substance has an e as a third character and therefore the multi load must also have an e the resultant hazchem code for the three substances carried as a multi load will therefore be 4we see also edit hazmat nfpa 704 the equivalent system for marking the presence of dangerous goods buildings and fixed storage tanks in the united states intended for emergency services adr the equivalent system used for identifying dangerous goods while being transported in mainland europe globally harmonized system of classification and labelling of chemicals a new international standard for marking hazardous materials hazardous materials identification system a system for marking dangerous materials in the united states intended for workers references edit hazchem oxford english dictionary online ed oxford university press subscription or participating institution membership required free online hazchem guide archived from the original on 2014 05 12 retrieved 2013 08 20 dangerous goods emergency action code list 2025 reports and white papers news and insights ricardo www ricardo com retrieved 2026 03 04 dangerous goods emergency action code list 2025 www tsoshop co uk retrieved 2026 03 04 dangerous goods emergency action code list 2025 reports and white papers news and insights ricardo www ricardo com retrieved 2026 03 04 1 2 nsw rural fire service firefighters pocket book pg 18 1 2 safework sa 2000 safeguards retrieved 2010 10 03 from http www safework sa gov au uploaded_files ds9i pdf archived 2011 02 21 at the wayback machine page 1 the system permits a medium of a higher numeric classification to be used than that indicated however a medium with a lower numeric classification than that indicated should not be used australian dangerous goods code 7th edition section c2 7 goldffx help retrieved 2015 01 20 cite web cs1 maint deprecated archival service link external links edit eac list 2023 ncec dangerous goods emergency action list 2017 archived 2018 11 04 at the wayback machine example of uk hazchem panel with hazchem emergency action code eac general hazchem information for uk emergency services site dangerous goods emergency action code list retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title hazchem oldid 1363178251 categories symbols safety codes standards of the united kingdom warning systems hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata webarchive template wayback links cs1 maint deprecated archival service this page was last edited on 8 july 2026 at 15 12 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents hazchem 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