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Text of the page (random words):
from germany and thus find category albert einstein where there might be a better one so over categorization has led to two problems the top category is cluttered and users will stop looking for the most relevant category since they ve reached one that has a relevant image improper categorization of categories is a cause of over categorization strange as it may sound under categorization can be a cause of over categorization when a category itself is not properly categorized it can lead users to over categorize files belonging in that category an example of this category eivør pálsdóttir was categorized only in category people by name a user categorizing an image of her might then be tempted to also place the image in category female vocalists from the faroe islands the correct solution is to place the image only in category eivør pálsdóttir and to make that category a subcategory of category female vocalists from the faroe islands at that point however any images that were already placed into both categories become overcategorized and need to be manually removed from the parent category a related problem is erroneous categorization notting hill is a district within the borough of kensington and chelsea in london when it was created category notting hill was placed directly in category london instead of in the category royal borough of kensington and chelsea subcategory where it should have been placed a user categorizing an image of notting hill might then be tempted to place it both in category notting hill and in category royal borough of kensington and chelsea instead each image should be placed only in the most specific categories and those categories should in turn be placed in their most specific categories when you encounter improperly categorized categories please place them in the appropriate parent categories if you are able to do so that will not only help avoid over categorization but it will also make it easier to move through the category tree exception for images with more categorized subjects a file that depicts only one relevant subject should not be over categorized where a file depicts additional relevant subjects and the additional subjects do not have their own subcategories consideration can be given to temporarily categorizing the image in both the subcategory and the parent category for example this situation might arise in the case of a photograph of three politicians one of whom is angela merkel who has her own commons category with two other politicians who do not yet have their own categories while the image would undoubtedly be categorized in category angela merkel or one of its subcategories it would typically be considered to be over categorization to also include it in category politicians of germany users would however be unlikely to search for the two other politicians in the merkel category ideally we would create specific subcategories for the two other politicians where warranted or find other relevant subcategories e g category politicians of bavaria or category members of the fdp etc that would enable us to avoid over categorization in some circumstances however we may need to temporarily categorize the image in category politicians of germany where other appropriate subcategories do not yet exist countries may be categorized as part of multiple overlapping categories for example category india is in category countries of south asia as well as category countries of asia also user categories are exempted of over categorization as those are not visible to most viewers and project users include them for many different purposes like sorting stats filling values for userboxes etc how to categorize guidance by topic for some categories there is special guidance on how best to sort content within that category this guidance can be found in a category scheme or a commons project for your topic there is also some categorizing information in this section and sometimes there is guidance at the top of the category s page in the category namespace so for instance some guidance on categorizing content depicting people is at the top of category people and some is in the section people below architectural structures content depicting architectural structures e g buildings and tunnels can be classified like this architectural structure category first check if there is already a category for this specific structure if yes put it in there if no if you have more than two pictures create a new category named after the structure for example category rheinbrücke emmerich use the common name not necessarily the english one then you categorize the category not each single picture under the following possibilities location see category architectural structures by country for example category buildings in germany function see category architectural structures by function for example category bridges category railroad stations category houses type construction see category architectural structures by type material see category architectural structures by material for example category concrete structures architectural style see category architecture by style for example category ancient egyptian architecture category egyptian revival architecture engineer see category structural engineers for example category john a roebling architect see category architects for example category norman foster condition see category buildings by condition for example category derelict buildings category destroyed buildings in many cases intersection categories will already exist covering two or more of these considerations in a single category such as category egyptian revival architecture in france or category destroyed hotels in japan afterwards categorize the image by the way the structure is depicted such as the following or typically their subcategories painting or drawing see category paintings of buildings category paintings of bridges etc or category drawings of buildings category drawings of bridges etc postcard see category postcards of buildings category postcards of bridges etc you should also consider categories for view or point of view such as category panoramas of buildings category aerial photographs of buildings category undersides of bridges category remote views of buildings etc also consider the part and the context visible for parts see categories such as category bridge elements category tunnel portals category interiors of towers for context see categories such as category trains on bridges people content depicting people should be put in categories which describe them such as category economists from the united states start exploring at category people please see commons suggested category scheme for people for details on how to name and organize these categories landscapes outdoor views content depicting a given subject from a common vantage point are grouped in views of subject from viewpoint categories such as views of cathedral of seville from the giralda such categories should be subcategories of both the subject s category cathedral of seville in this example and the viewpoint s category giralda in this example in this example the views of cathedral of seville from the giralda category is not placed directly in the subject and viewpoint categories but in views of the cathedral of seville and views from giralda such intermediate categories are often necessary to create structure and avoid over categorization particularly for views of a city from a vantage point located within the city for example views of rome from the pincio needs the intermediate category views of rome to avoid placing it directly in rome which would constitute over categorization texts texts such as scans of books should normally have a category for each version of the scan and each edition of the text thus a book published in three separate editions would have a parent category for the book three subcategories for each text and further subcategories for the text as a jpeg a djvu etc assuming each version had actually been uploaded categories would not be created for editions not held on commons this is particularly important for files in formats other than djvu and pdf where the category is the only practical means of keeping the scans together see eg category the chronicles of england scotland and ireland holinshed 1587 which contains 2857 jpeg images of page scans glams for categorization issues related to mass content donations from glams galleries libraries archives museums please see commons guide to batch uploading categories categorization workflow currently a bot checks if newly uploaded files are categorized in topical categories and attempts to categorize files that are not before 17 june 2015 categorizationbot was responsible for this job as of june 2019 steinsplitterbot occasionally checks for uncategorized files the workflow is the following user uploads a new file and adds categories or not a bot checks if the file is categorized file is already categorized ok file is not categorized the bot tags the file for category media needing categories today s files are in category media needing categories as of 4 september 2026 users categorize files further e g category diffusion below see also user categorizationbot process categorization statistics other if manual categorization workflows are possible category filling use appropriate keywords in the search engine to find the files that should be in a given category and put them there category diffusing go to category categories requiring diffusion select a crowded category create appropriate subcategories if needed and move the files to the subcategories gadgets like cat a lot and hotcat can help categories marked with hiddencat shortcut com hiddencat many non topical categories are marked with the magic word __hiddencat__ or hiddencat on the category page the advantage of using the template is that there will be an additional infobox for the user stating that this category is not shown on its member pages unless the appropriate user preference is set an example of using __hiddencat__ is category pd nasa an example of using the template is category wildtunis 100wikicommonsdays while categories are generally visible on every page categories marked with __hiddencat__ or hiddencat are only visible on the edit screen at the end of the screen below the edit box on category pages on subcategories to the hidden category in the normal location but on a separate line with a smaller typeface and the label hidden categories on parent categories in the same way as other categories on file description pages and gallery pages for logged in users who have selected to show hidden categories in their appearance preferences this is activated for all newly registered users this feature is generally used for template based categories such as license tag based categories for example placing pd old 100 on a file description page adds the file to category author died more than 100 years ago public domain images which is marked with __hiddencat__ for more details see the help section on hidden categories for mediawiki the software that commons uses templates for categories some templates are designed for use on category pages see category category namespace templates if the category is linked to a wikidata entry then you can use wikidata infobox which displays a summary of the topic s information that is available on wikidata and also auto adds birth death name monument id categories some of the more commonly used ones are category category header templates such as category toc and largecategorytoc to provide a table of contents for very large categories with many subcategories imagetoc and filecategorytoc to provide a table of contents for large categories with many files and few subcategories image template notice and autocat for maintenance categories populated by a specific template global maintenance category and local maintenance category catcat for categories which should only contain other categories metacat like catcat but narrower should only contain other categories that are grouped by a specified criterion by country category by language category by century category for specific types of meta category catdiffuse temporary and categorise permanent for large categories which need maintenance to move files into subcategories category tree tools further information commons tools gadgets enabled through the user preferences cat a lot a tool that helps with moving multiple files between categories or adding categories to search results documentation talk hotcat d easily add remove change a category on a page with name suggestions documentation example talk gallery details adds a link in the toolbox to display galleries and categories and newimages and search result pages with extensive details from file description pages and links to easily mark an image without source etc if pretty log is activated it also works on log pages documentation talk place categories above content but below image on file description pages modifies the placement of categories on the user interface add a link to category pages to search for the category name with the option incategory this excludes files already in the category doesn t work if the category was added by a template talk toollabs toolserver tools petscan this new version has other features english vcat plots ancestor trees of categories for example https tools wmflabs org vcat render wiki commonswiki category water 20wells generates a graph of the parent categories of category water wells special pages alphabetic lists of categories with files or other pages in them including nonexistent categories category tree unused categories including categories redirected with category redirect uncategorized categories bookmarklets category redirect bookmarklets bookmarklets for categorization of aircraft by registration scripts software etc autowikibrowser for access checkpage pywikipediabot category py for access request page degrandparent a tool to remove files from a category if they are also in one or more of its subcategories bots siebot renames or adds categories see documentation requests eusebot adds additional parent categories to categories and galleries depending on which category an article in english wikipedia is in for requests russbot clears non empty category redirects categorizationbot adds uncategorized images into media needing categories notifies uploaders and attempts to categorize images media needing category review requests for work to be done see also mediawiki s handbook section on categories category commons category schemes commons deletion policy for categories commons galleries commons category disambiguation commons category inclusion criteria backlogs and requests commons categories for discussion current requests open community discussions relating to individual categories commons categories requiring diffusion tabu...
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