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of the coast of east africa on the island of madagascar studies show that twenty percent of the of the vocabulary of modern malagasy contains words of bantu origin some historians indicate that bantu tribes settled on the west coast of madagascar contributing to the culture of the island others indicate that in fact madagascar came into being as a result of splitting off from a land mass that joined africa india australia and south america 65 million years ago see maps below in any case madagascar can also be included as a land of the blacks ngolo kongo bantu migration south and east 3 the melting pot children of madagascar many anthropoligists believe that the people of madagascar descended from africans and indonesians who mixed before their arrival on the island there is obviously a fusion of bantu and asian culture on madagascar fight of the ancestors madagascar africans of madagascar madagascar elder descendant of the people known as invincible morengy early capoeira senegalese laamb inset mfundishi malik maasi neo ngolo drill capoeria on zanzibar island morengy capoeria all rooted in kongolese ngolo morengy is a traditional malagasy boxing art it is based in sava though other surrounding areas practice or imitate it all blows are allowed and it s just a striking art no weapons they direct all their attacks on vital points on the body it is not rare to have one of the combatants die from a blow even in sparring there are laws that refer to this because it s so common on the isle of reunion a neighboring island of madagascar the art is spelled morenque and has a configuration resembling capoeira see photo below right young morengy warrior sakalava morengue reunion danmye martinique laamb senegal sakalava group in a market town in madagascar s wild west ruling them was always as the merina proverb says like even today their lordly pride still makes them the least approachable and most mysterious of all madagascar s eighteen tribes carrying mud if you hold it lightly in your open palms it spills over and if you close your hands firmly it slips through your fingers this is characteristic of african people worldwide we adapt reconfigure and synthesize thereby recreating the foreign culture thrust upon us by circumstances shaha mfundishi maasi tamil martial culture the indian sub continent was once connected with madagascar of east africa and australia by the sunken lemurian continent of the indian ocean on the african continent itself are numerous fighting styles some also in forms of dances which resemble various kung fu kicks and maneuvers in brazil there is a martial art called capoeira it is a fighting style in a form of a dance brought to south america by slaves alomg with the yoruba religion of west africa these ideas of combat must have crossed both africa and australia through lemuria to the indian sub continent which may have had an influence on the scientific tamil martial arts thousands of years ago alex doss thamizar martial arts at the turn of the 6th century a d martial arts spread from southern india to china by a tamil prince turned monk named daruma bodhidarma from china martial arts have spread to korea japan in south east asia martial arts was introduced during the naval expansion of the chola and pallava empires of the tamil country between the 2nd and 12th centuries a d in partap sharma s book called zen katha inspired by the life of bodhidarma founder of zen and martial arts it states that it was the art of vajramushti bodhidarma had introduced to shaolin kuttu varisai tamil monkey posture tamil nadu means the tamil homeland the capital of tamil nadu is chennai formerly known as madras the tamils that i have talked to do not see themselves as indians they are tamils they have the most beautiful script that i have ever seen and their spoken language is like music some of my best friends have been tamils and i consider them a very special people they are black people and while they may not consider themselves africans they believe that africans and tamils come from the same place a now submerged continent that once connected south asia with east africa runoko rashidi yogini goddess tamil nadu tamil woman the tamils are an important branch of the dravidians so who are the dravidians the dravidians are among the earliest perhaps the first people to inhabit india the early greeks and romans referred to them as eastern ethiopians the term ethiopian is a greek work and means people with faces burnt by the sun there were eastern ethiopians and western ethiopians the eastern ethiopians were in asia and the western ethiopians were in africa they were both black people with the only real distinction being the texture of the hair the eastern ethiopians had straight to wavy hair and the western ethiopians had tightly curled or kinky hair the eastern ethiopians lived in ancient iraq iran afghanistan pakistan india and probably other parts of south asia in ancient times the dravidians were responsible for the mighty harappan or indus valley civilization that dominated pakistan and parts of northern india beginning almost five thousand years ago among their inventions or innovations in pakistan and india were the windmill and sophisticated city planning they domesticated rice and probably the chicken their ancient cities including trash chutes and flushing toilets they played a game similar to chess and threw dice and they resisted the onslaught of the aryan or white invasions of south asia i have no doubt that the mighty hindu deities krishna kali and shiva are of dravidian origin runoko rashidi some african faces tamils of ceylon wherever we are us is maulana karenga map courtesy of thamizar martial arts the venetian traveler marco polo visited tamil nadu twice during the thirteenth century and commented on how the tamils viewed with great pride their black skin complexions he actually said that their young were anointed with oil of sesame which made them even darker and that here the darkest man is better than the others who are not so dark that they portray their gods and saints black and the devil as white as snow you can find this passage in marco polo s travels there are many tamils in sri lanka today and they are engaged in a fierce struggle with the sinhalese dominated government for greater respect and even autonomy the dalits are the black untouchables of india whereas the dravidians are a ethnic linguistic group the dalits are a social economic group the majority of which by the standards of race that we use in the united states would be considered black runoko rashidi modern tamil warrior sri lanka ancient tamil grappling kalaripayattu the orient s treasure trove a gift to the modern world and the mother of all martial arts legend traces the 3000 year old art form to sage parasurama the master of all martial art forms and credited to be the re claimer of kerala from the arabian sea kalaripayattu originated in ancient south india kung fu popularized by the monks of the shoaling temple traces its ancestry to bodhi dharma an indian buddhist monk and kalaripayattu master crafted in ancient south india drawing inspiration from the raw power and sinuous strength of the majestic animal forms lion tiger elephant wild boar snake and crocodile kalaripayattu laid down the combat code of the cholas the cheras and the pandyas shrouded in deep mystery and mists of secrecy kalaripayattu was taught by the masters in total isolation away from prying eyes the animal forces quoted above are only a few of the elements that link african and asian warrior discipline methods india drums some historians think millions of africans crossed the ocean the african indians are called sidis one of the strongest remaining links they have to their roots is the damaal or drum otherwise sidi culture is not significantly different to that of other poor rural indians the damaal comes from africa explains yunus a blind man who is the chief drummer of jambur the skill of playing has been passed down from father to son it is a gift from god he says a little like an image embedded in a hologram the african presence in the history and politics of india remains generally obscured from view it is only when the parchment that is the past is taken in the hand and lightly moved in the manner of a beam of coherent light needed to train upon a hologram that this presence reveals itself then names begin to emerge some historical developments start to make sense and the role of a number of emphatic figures can be seen in true perspective n goswamy tribune newspaper palm print of guru rinpoche padmasambhava in stone this is a sign of great siddha his picture is in the inset this great buddha is the founder of tibetan buddhism om a hum vajra guru pema siddhi hum malik ambar siddi military guru of the marathas marathas are a blend of the warrior and agrarian classes speaking marathi and generally having their roots in maharashtra they are also found in large nos in karnataka goa and madhya pradesh gujarat a few maratha clans claim themselves to be kshatriyas warriors some such families were the bhosales ghorpades jadhavs nimbalkars mores manes ghatges dafleys sawants shirkes mahadiks and the mohites the majority of marathas however belong to the peasantry class the dividing line between the kshatriya classes and the peasantry classes has become thin with the passage of time a lot of matrimonial alliances are also taking place amongst them unlike those in north or south india the maratha army and the administration also had people from all castes taking pride in it the term siddis also called habshi from arabic ḥabashi refers to a negroid people in india they are the descendants of slaves first brought to parts of pakistan and india by arab merchants in medieval times from the bantu speaking parts of eastern africa siddis were referred to as zanj by arabs and seng chi a malapropism of zanj by the chinese many of india s kings and princes recruited africans as their personal bodyguards servants and musicians in some parts of the country sidis even rose to be powerful generals or kings themselves siddi tribe jhambur india malik amber master siddi there are several ways to spell siddi sometimes it is sidi siddi siddhi or ciddi no matter how it is spelled it refers to great accomplishment shaha mfundishi maasi siddi drummer jhambur india african queen india siddi dancers of east africa siddi men india or pakistan in western india today s indian states of gujarat and maharashtra the siddi gained a reputation as being physically powerful and fiercely loyal this made them popular amongst the local princes as mercenaries the 17th century saw the largest influx of siddis as many were sold to muslim and hindu kings by arab and portuguese slave traders despite their reputation as good fighters many were also used as domestic servants and farm labourers some siddi slaves escaped into the forests to form their own communities the ancestors of the present day siddis of southern baluchistan and karachi in pakistan were slaves from tanzania kenya and zanzibar brought by the omani arabs some indian siddis are descended from tanzanians and mozambicans brought by the portuguese the siddis descended from slaves live in their own tightly knit communities most of the original siddis live in the sindh region of pakistan and the gujarat region of india and some mixed with local indian people in medieval india one of the most famous siddis who elevated himself to a position of great authority was the celebrated malik ambar 1550 1626 whose original name was shambu one cannot go into the life and career of malik ambar in any detail here except for registering the fact that as the power of this rank outsider kept growing that of the mughals in and around ahmednagar kept steadily declining ambar trained his followers in the art of guerilla warfare raised a very considerable force that remained loyal to him and remained defiant of the mughals n goswamy the tribune sunday august 13 2006 the mughals meanwhile chafed especially jahangir 1605 1627 under whose skin malik ambar succeeded in getting the emperor it seems was obsessed with ambar whose outstanding military skills he could understand but could not bring himself to acknowledge given his own exalted position as ruler of what was then perhaps the world s mightiest empire in his memoirs he referred to ambar several times but always in angry almost abusive terms ambar that black wretch ambar of dark fate that crafty ill starred one and so on the two never came face to face or took the field against each other but a painter at the jahangiri court the greatly gifted abu l hasan realised for his patron a triumphal dream for he painted for him an allegory in which the emperor is seen standing atop the globe of the world and shooting an arrow through the severed head of malik ambar that is impaled on a tall pike jahangir in this elaborate allegory is clearly meant to be seen as symbolising the forces of goodness and light while ambar those of darkness and evil it is doubtful if the whole matter would have been seen like this by a deccani painter working for malik ambar but then nothing approaching this has survived from there n goswamy the tribune sunday august 13 2006 malik ambar described in paragraph above black spiritual masters of india phadampa phadampa is known as bodhidharma in china sources say bodhidharma 526 527 ce was the buddhist monk traditionally credited as the transmitter of zen to china very little contemporary biographical information on bodhidharma is extant and subsequent accounts became layered with legend but most accounts agree that he was a south indian monk who journeyed to southern china and subsequently relocated northwards the accounts differ on the date of his arrival with one early account claiming that he arrived during the liú sòng dynasty 420 479 and later accounts dating his arrival to the liáng dynasty 502 557 the accounts are however generally agreed that he was primarily active in the lands of the northern wèi dynasty 386 534 phadampa also known as bodhidharma another version daruma bodhidharma chinese ta mo japanese daruma was the third child of the pallava king sugandan from kanchipuram tamil nadu at birth he was born with a breathing disorder and was banished by his family due to the evil practice of caste system introduced by the indo aryans who had migrated from central asia he was adopted and trained at birth in breathing exercises and combat namely in the arts of varma kalai and kuttu varisai bodhidarma also studied dhyana buddhism and became the 28th patriarch of that religion mahasiddha phadampa bodhidharma later depictions bodhidarma s muscle exercises were surely influenced by his experiences in the tamil martial arts the muscle exercises and the 18 hands of lohan which were developed later on display some characteristics of buddhist tantric mudras and yogic postures two mahāmudrā...
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