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london was inaugurated in the middle of 1950 later that year el al acquired universal airways which was owned by south african zionists el al s cargo service was inaugurated in 1950 and initially relied on military surplus curtiss c 46 commando aircraft the same aircraft type was used also for passengers transportation in certain routes 21 the same year the airline initiated charter services to the united states followed by scheduled flights soon after 17 from 1950 to 1951 el al expanded its activities in europe and added new destinations such as vienna and istanbul athens and nicosia on 31 july 1950 the company celebrated the first anniversary of its regular flight program kurdish jewish immigrants from iraq leaving lod airport 1951 in the background is a c 46 of el al affiliate near east air transport a bristol britannia of el al at farnborough airport just before delivery to the airline 1957 the airline was involved in several covert operations from 1949 22 to 1951 23 near east air transport neat airlifted migrants to israel most notably from yemen and iraq in operation magic carpet and operation ezra and nehemiah respectively neat originated as a spinoff from alaska airlines 22 but el al had complete control of it by 1951 24 and several el al aircraft flew under neat cover sometimes using cuban registrations 25 further information near east air transport in 1960 nazi war criminal adolf eichmann was captured and flown from argentina to israel on an el al aircraft 26 in 1955 after using lockheed constellations for several years the airline purchased two bristol britannia aircraft el al was the second airline in the world to fly this plane after the british overseas airways corporation in 1958 el al ran a newspaper advertisement in the united states featuring a picture of a shrunken atlantic ocean starting dec 23 the atlantic ocean will be 20 smaller to promote its non stop transatlantic flights 27 this was a bold step the airline industry had never used images of the ocean in its advertising because of the widespread public fear of airline crashes the advertisement which ran only once proved effective within a year el al s sales tripled 28 1951 british mechanic s residence permit for israel el al worker a 1951 el al pilot s early israeli passport 1960s turning profitable first boeings edit el al boeing 720 being serviced at london heathrow airport 1964 despite the purchase of its britannia and the inauguration of non stop transatlantic flights the airline remained unprofitable 17 further explanation needed when efraim ben arzi took over the company in the late 1950s the britannias were replaced in the next decade by the boeing 707 and boeing 720 jet airliners el al boeing 707 at orly airport paris 1965 the first year that el al turned a profit was 1960 that year more than 50 percent of the passengers flying into israel arrived on el al flights 17 on 15 june 1961 the airline set a world record for the longest non stop commercial flight an el al boeing 707 flew from new york to tel aviv covering 5 760 miles 9 270 km in 9 hours and 33 minutes 29 by this time el al was carrying 56 000 passengers a year on a par with qantas and ahead of established airlines like loftleiðir in 1961 el al ranked 35th in the world in accumulated passenger distance 30 el al s success continued into the late 1960s in 1968 regular flights to bucharest were inaugurated and cargo flights began to europe and the united states the airline also established a catering subsidiary teshet tourism and aviation services ltd all these ventures brought in a profit of 2 million that year 17 hijacking attempts edit see also el al flight 426 hijacking in 1968 el al experienced the first of many acts of terrorism that have been perpetrated against the airline on 23 july the only successful hijacking of an el al aircraft took place when a boeing 707 carrying 10 crew and 38 passengers were taken over by three members of the popular front for the liberation of palestine pflp the aircraft el al flight 426 which was en route from rome to tel aviv was diverted to algiers by the hijackers negotiations with the hijackers lasted for 40 days both the hijackers and the passengers including 21 israeli hostages were eventually freed 31 on 26 december of the same year two pflp members attacked an el al aircraft at athens international airport killing an israeli mechanic 32 the israel defense forces responded to the incident on 29 december with a night time raid on lebanon s beirut airport destroying 14 planes on the ground belonging to middle east airlines trans mediterranean airways and lebanese international airways 33 the military action was responsible for the demise of the lia which had most of its fleet destroyed citation needed on 18 february 1969 palestinians attacked an el al plane at zurich airport killing the copilot and injuring the pilot one palestinian attacker was killed and others were convicted but later released between september and december of that year bomb and grenade attacks occurred at el al offices in athens west berlin and brussels 34 page needed this wave of violence culminated in the failed hijacking of an el al 707 by patrick arguello and leila khaled on 6 september 1970 as part of the dawson s field hijackings 35 1970s going full boeing shabbat observance edit revenue passenger kilometers scheduled flights only in millions year traffic 1950 50 1955 138 1960 413 1965 1331 1969 2070 1971 3027 1980 4590 1985 6507 1995 11287 2000 14125 source icao digest of statistics for 1950 55 iata world air transport statistics 1960 2000 el al boeing 707 300b landing at zurich airport switzerland 1982 el al boeing 767 200 on short final to london heathrow airport 1985 el al acquired its first boeing 747 jet in 1971 many who felt it was a risky purchase given the high cost of the plane and fear of attacks but el al operations flourished after the purchase another boeing 747 was delivered in 1973 and was used to start non stop service from tel aviv to new york el al boeing 707s had flown eastward nonstop since around 1961 el al passengers and passengers from other airlines were attacked at lod airport in 1972 in an attack known as the lod airport massacre in the mid 1970s el al began to schedule flights from airports outside of israel that departed on the jewish shabbat and landed in israel after it had finished however the religious parties in the government were outraged by this change believing that it was a violation of jewish law and contrary to the agreement signed in the early days of the state in which el al promised to refrain from flying on the sabbath in 1982 the newly re elected prime minister menachem begin brought before the knesset a vote to ban sabbath flights once again it passed by a vote of 58 to 54 36 outraged the secular community threatened to boycott the airline in august 1982 el al workers blocked orthodox and hasidic jews from entering the airport 19 in 1977 el al established a charter subsidiary el al charter services ltd later renamed sun d or international airlines ltd two years earlier the airline had suffered its first losses since the late 1950s largely a product of the global recession the management changed three times towards the end of the 1970s until itzhak shander was named president clarification needed as the political situation in iran deteriorated el al began to airlift jews to israel all the airline s infrastructure in iran was eventually destroyed 17 1980s to cairo from receivership to profitability edit el al flights to cairo were inaugurated in april 1980 following the egypt israel peace treaty 29 in late 1982 after a long period of labor disputes and strikes el al operations were suspended the government appointed amram blum to run the company which lost 123 3 million in the fiscal year ending april 1983 37 17 clarification needed the airline also sold its stake in arkia at this time citation needed operations resumed in january 1983 under receivership the government purchased two new boeing 737 aircraft and announced plans to acquire four boeing 767 jets at the cost of 200 million within four years el al was profitable again 17 it broke another record since then surpassed in may 1988 with a non stop flight from los angeles to tel aviv a journey of 7 000 nautical miles 13 000 km in 13 hours and 41 minutes 29 clarification needed flights to poland and yugoslavia were started in 1989 17 1990s end of receivership ethiopian jews airlifted edit in january 1990 north american airlines began providing feeder services to el al s us destinations el al held a 24 9 percent stake in the airline until selling it back to dan mckinnon in july 2003 by this time el al was operating a fleet of 20 aircraft including nine boeing 747s and had begun replacing its aging boeing 707s with the boeing 757 early that year following the collapse of the soviet union el al inaugurated regular flights to moscow no airlifts from the former soviet union were possible at the time but permission was granted in 1991 charter flights commenced in august 1991 with immigrants also occupying all available seats on el al s scheduled routes in cooperation with aeroflot el al flew more than 400 000 jewish immigrants to israel within a three year period el al helped with the airlifting of ethiopian immigrants from ethiopia during operation solomon in 1991 on 24 may 1991 an el al boeing 747 cargo plane airlifted a record breaking 1 088 ethiopian jews from addis ababa to israel in the framework of operation solomon two babies were born during the flight the plane carried twice as many passengers as it was designed for 9 in less than 36 hours 14 500 ethiopian jews were flown to israel 10 on 27 april 1994 el al received its first boeing 747 400 17 38 el al flights were inaugurated to the far east when and in 1995 el al signed its first codesharing agreement with american airlines 17 in february 1995 the receivership under which the airline had technically been operating since 1982 came to an end 39 in june 1996 el al recorded its first flight from israel to amman jordan 29 in 1996 el al recorded us 83 1 million in losses due to the resumption of terrorist activities and the government s open skies policy 17 to keep its planes flying during this period el al introduced flights to nowhere passengers were offered various kinds of in flight entertainment as the plane circled the mediterranean one day shopping trips to london and visits to religious sites in eastern europe were also promoted 17 in 1997 el al opened a separate cargo division 40 clarification needed 2000s boeing 777 privatization edit el al s first boeing 777 embarked on its maiden flight in march 2000 later that year the controversy over flights on shabbat erupted again when the airline announced that it was losing us 55 million a year by grounding its planes on saturdays after privatization of the company began in june 2003 the policy regarding shabbat flights was expected to change 19 29 the first phase of the long delayed privatization of the company commenced in june 2003 and by israel s government companies authority headed by eyal gabbai 15 percent of el al s shares were listed on the tel aviv stock exchange by june 2004 50 of the company had been sold to the public by january 2005 a controlling share of the company had been transferred to knafaim arkia holdings ltd 29 as of october 2014 el al s major shareholders were knafaim holdings 36 ginsburg group 10 and delek group 10 41 2010s first 787 dreamliner last 747 edit in august 2010 el al and jetblue signed an agreement to provide connecting through tickets between israel and 61 destinations in the united states from october 2010 via john f kennedy international airport in new york 42 in 2015 el al introduced a requirement that female flight attendants wear high heels until passengers had been seated 43 the airline s workers union stated that the requirement would endanger the health and safety of the flight attendants and instructed its members to ignore the rule later that year the requirement was removed 44 in august 2017 el al made their inaugural flight of the boeing 787 dreamliner their first variant of the plane was the 787 9 but in late 2019 they took delivery of the 787 8 the inaugural service was from tel aviv to london and paris with the transatlantic inaugural flight from tel aviv to newark el al introduced a premium economy class to this aircraft in a 2 3 2 configuration they also launched an upgraded business class with pods in a 1 2 1 configuration this was upgraded from the original 2 3 2 configuration of their business class on the 777 200 their economy class now also featured large personal touch screen entertainment and wifi in business class the seats go to a 90 flat bed have personal service large touchscreen personal entertainment screens and storage in april 2018 the israel postal company issued a stamp with different el al planes commemorating the 70th anniversary of the airline 45 in july 2019 el al retired its sole freight aircraft a boeing 747 400f ending its dedicated cargo flights the airline plans to use charter services by other airlines for this purpose from now on 46 2020s from covid to record profits edit in march 2020 el al suspended operations due to the ongoing covid 19 pandemic the israeli government had announced that all foreign and israeli passport holders would have to undergo a 14 day quarantine upon arrival into the country el al also converted some of their boeing 787 dreamliner airplanes to serve as cargo flights to transport medical goods from china to europe through tel aviv s ben gurion airport el al also offered some passenger flights to get stranded israeli citizens home these flights went from tel aviv to miami new york london paris and more they also offered two services to australia during the pandemic this was the first ever nonstop flight from israel to australia el al offered one flight from tel aviv to perth and tel aviv to melbourne on 1 july 2020 after returning substantial amounts of leased aircraft and canceling current leases the airline canceled all flights and suspended operations indefinitely 47 on 6 july the company announced it had worked out a bailout deal with the government to make up the hundreds of millions of dollars it had lost due to the covid 19 pandemic in israel and abroad the proposed deal would net the airline 250 million in government loans with a guarantee for 75 percent of the loan in case of defaults and an additional 150 million from its own sale of company shares which if not sold would be purchased by the government 48 the deal was approved by a knesset committee on 17 september it was announced that kanfei nesharim a company owned by 27 year old eli rozenberg son of us centers health care nursing home chain founder kenny rozenberg had bought a controlling 42 85 stake 49 in the airline with a 107 million offer under the prior negotiated bailout deal the is...
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