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andrei sakharov simple english wikipedia the free encyclopedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide getting around main page simple start simple talk new changes show any page help contact us about wikipedia special pages search search appearance give to wikipedia create account log in personal tools give to wikipedia create account log in contents move to sidebar hide beginning 1 life 2 references toggle the table of contents andrei sakharov 97 languages аԥсшәа afrikaans aragonés العربية مصرى asturianu kotava azərbaycanca تۆرکجه башҡортса беларуская тарашкевіца беларуская български বাংলা brezhoneg bosanski català qırımtatarca čeština dansk deutsch ελληνικά english esperanto español eesti euskara estremeñu فارسی suomi français frysk gaeilge galego עברית हिन्दी hrvatski kreyòl ayisyen magyar հայերեն bahasa indonesia ido íslenska italiano 日本語 jawa ქართული qaraqalpaqsha қазақша 한국어 kurdî кыргызча latina lëtzebuergesch lietuvių latviešu malagasy македонски മലയാളം монгол मराठी bahasa melayu مازِرونی nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål occitan ਪੰਜਾਬੀ polski پنجابی پښتو português runa simi română русский srpskohrvatski српскохрватски slovenčina slovenščina српски srpski svenska தமிழ் тоҷикӣ ไทย türkçe татарча tatarça українська اردو oʻzbekcha ўзбекча tiếng việt winaray 吴语 მარგალური ייִדיש yorùbá 閩南語 bân lâm gí 粵語 中文 change links page talk english read change change source view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read change change source view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export make a book download as pdf page for printing in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from simple english wikipedia the free encyclopedia andrei sakharov andrei dmitrievich sakharov russian андре́й дми́триевич са́харов 21 may 1921 14 december 1989 was a soviet nuclear physicist he was also a well known dissident and human rights activist sakharov was an advocate of nuclear disarmament and civil liberties and reforms in the soviet union life change change source sakharov was a very clever scientist he graduated from college during world war ii but was kept out of the red army to do scientific research for the government 1 sakharov helped the soviets develop the hydrogen bomb in the 1950s but he also made many peaceful uses of nuclear power the bomb he had helped make started sakharov to be a dissident he argued with nikita khrushchev against unneeded nuclear tests he was afraid that these tests put people s lives and healths in danger without need he began asking too for more freedom of speech the government removed him from his secret work and his special job as a scientist 1 sakharov began to see what unhappy lives most soviet citizens led persecution only made him speak out more he asked for more freedom of religion and defended others who had spoken out and been put into jail the secret police began to watch him and to make files of information against him after sakharov criticized activities of the ussr s arab allies arab terrorists came to his apartment and held him his wife and his stepson hostage for an hour do you want to kill us cried sakharov s wife we can do worse things than kill you they replied 1 after the terrorists left without doing anything sakharov tried to tell the police about it the police did not really care the only thing that protected sakharov was many people knew about him outside the soviet union the communists were afraid that if something happened to him it would give the world a bad image of the ussr but when sakharov criticized the soviet invasion of afghanistan in 1979 1 they became very angry and took him to the city of gorky there he was watched by the police outside his apartment he tried to go on a hunger strike not eating anything the soviet union was afraid he might die so they force fed him forcing him to eat 1 sakharov kept on asking for glasnost openness 1 in 1986 mikhail gorbachev who agreed with sakharov and thought there should be glasnost let the dissident scientist return home sakharov continued to call for reform and in december 1989 he died of heart failure at the age of 68 1 but two years later his wish became true with the dissolution of the soviet union references change change source 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 koontz terri mark sidwell s m bunker june 2005 world studies for christian schools greenville south carolina bob jones university press isbn 1 59166 431 4 v t e winners of the nobel peace prize 1901 1925 dunant passy 1901 ducommun gobat 1902 cremer 1903 idi 1904 suttner 1905 roosevelt 1906 moneta renault 1907 arnoldson bajer 1908 beernaert estournelles de constant 1909 ipb 1910 asser fried 1911 root 1912 la fontaine 1913 international committee of the red cross 1917 wilson 1919 bourgeois 1920 branting lange 1921 nansen 1922 chamberlain dawes 1925 1926 1950 briand stresemann 1926 buisson quidde 1927 kellogg 1929 söderblom 1930 addams butler 1931 angell 1933 henderson 1934 ossietzky 1935 lamas 1936 cecil 1937 nansen office 1938 international committee of the red cross 1944 hull 1945 balch mott 1946 qpsw afsc 1947 boyd orr 1949 bunche 1950 1951 1975 jouhaux 1951 schweitzer 1952 marshall 1953 unhcr 1954 pearson 1957 pire 1958 noel baker 1959 lutuli 1960 hammarskjöld 1961 pauling 1962 international committee of the red cross league of red cross societies 1963 king 1964 unicef 1965 cassin 1968 ilo 1969 borlaug 1970 brandt 1971 kissinger le 1973 macbride sato 1974 sakharov 1975 1976 2000 b williams corrigan 1976 ai 1977 sadat begin 1978 mother teresa 1979 esquivel 1980 unhcr 1981 myrdal garcía robles 1982 wa ł ę sa 1983 tutu 1984 ippnw 1985 wiesel 1986 arias 1987 un peacekeeping forces 1988 dalai lama 1989 gorbachev 1990 suu kyi 1991 menchú 1992 mandela de klerk 1993 arafat peres rabin 1994 pugwash conferences rotblat 1995 belo ramos horta 1996 icbl j williams 1997 hume trimble 1998 médecins sans frontières 1999 kim 2000 2001 present un annan 2001 carter 2002 ebadi 2003 maathai 2004 iaea elbaradei 2005 yunus grameen bank 2006 gore ipcc 2007 ahtisaari 2008 obama 2009 xiaobo 2010 sirleaf gbowee karman 2011 eu 2012 organisation for the prohibition of chemical weapons 2013 yousafzai satyarthi 2014 tunisian national dialogue quartet 2015 juan manuel santos 2016 international campaign to abolish nuclear weapons 2017 mukwege murad 2018 ahmed 2019 world food programme 2020 ressa muratov 2021 bialiatski memorial center for civil liberties 2022 mohammadi 2023 nihon hidankyo 2024 machado 2025 retrieved from https simple wikipedia org w index php title andrei_sakharov oldid 10337755 categories 1921 births 1989 deaths soviet dissidents russian human rights activists nuclear physicists russian physicists nobel peace prize winners this page was last changed on 17 june 2025 at 21 40 page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons 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