Meta tags:
Headings (most frequently used words):
diving, underwater, activities, and, of, training, equipment, emergency, contents, procedures, exploration, work, recreational, skills, development, familiarisation, with, response, to, an, recompression, classification, by, occupational, field, references, navigation, searches, operation, special, commercial, military, public, service, scientific, media, entertainment, tourism, diver, aquaculture, fishing, harvesting, organisms, scuba, freediving, offshore, salvage, hazmat, inspection, potable, water, ships, husbandry, construction, mining, mineral, extraction,
Text of the page (most frequently used words):
#diving (494), the (418), and (359), underwater (255), diver (132), scuba (108), for (96), divers (83), #recreational (80), from (79), dive (77), training (67), equipment (65), may (64), water (64), retrieved (61), archived (57), original (57), are (54), with (49), work (44), commercial (44), scientific (41), safety (39), rescue (38), international (38), edit (34), activities (33), decompression (33), surface (33), marine (32), gas (32), professional (30), pdf (30), which (30), association (29), skills (29), also (28), other (27), cave (27), use (26), navy (26), freediving (26), that (26), 2022 (25), john (25), 2016 (25), breathing (24), military (24), can (24), system (23), main (23), this (22), september (22), submarine (22), research (21), salvage (21), public (21), tourism (21), ssde (21), done (21), search (20), air (20), article (20), where (20), sites (19), naval (19), standard (19), practice (19), sea (18), procedures (18), 2013 (18), but (18), cmas (17), special (17), offshore (17), national (17), technical (17), service (17), suit (17), rov (17), used (17), some (17), not (17), their (17), society (16), environment (16), swimming (16), emergency (16), risk (16), construction (16), 2017 (16), usually (16), october (15), deep (15), open (15), united (15), navigation (15), police (15), august (15), using (14), manual (14), history (14), class (14), robert (14), photography (14), sport (14), operations (14), team (14), ships (14), industry (14), husbandry (14), part (14), maintenance (14), buoyancy (13), vehicle (13), science (13), states (13), certification (13), department (13), bell (13), medical (13), inspection (13), media (13), including (13), often (13), recompression (12), wreck (12), des (12), atmospheric (12), hyperbaric (12), pressure (12), occasionally (12), competitive (12), activity (12), associated (12), reef (11), escape (11), oxygen (11), world (11), south (11), sports (11), confédération (11), mondiale (11), activités (11), subaquatiques (11), spearfishing (11), techniques (11), recovery (11), mask (11), helmet (11), january (11), isbn (11), fishing (11), march (11), during (11), who (11), such (11), there (11), they (11), pool (10), archaeology (10), fins (10), list (10), exploration (10), michael (10), supplied (10), support (10), cleaning (10), more (10), has (10), most (10), includes (10), code (9), sub (9), aqua (9), british (9), hockey (9), federation (9), finswimming (9), instructors (9), group (9), searches (9), occupational (9), accident (9), than (9), pearl (9), 2020 (9), 2018 (9), 2015 (9), 2012 (9), aquaculture (9), november (9), generally (9), include (9), range (9), while (9), available (8), non (8), systems (8), command (8), technology (8), immersion (8), apparatus (8), ship (8), chamber (8), royal (8), american (8), environmental (8), response (8), david (8), william (8), african (8), breath (8), target (8), health (8), noaa (8), instructor (8), combat (8), medicine (8), one (8), regulator (8), related (8), out (8), potable (8), clearance (8), vessel (8), 2014 (8), into (8), surveys (8), fish (8), known (8), have (8), involves (8), several (8), organisms (8), wikipedia (7), under (7), org (7), neutral (7), survey (7), club (7), alert (7), set (7), submergence (7), dsv (7), impact (7), environments (7), mark (7), jacques (7), peter (7), way (7), charles (7), rugby (7), australian (7), rebreather (7), nitrox (7), agencies (7), academy (7), sciences (7), free (7), labour (7), standards (7), assessment (7), requirements (7), basic (7), shark (7), human (7), development (7), hunting (7), weight (7), apnea (7), two (7), line (7), distance (7), through (7), bottom (7), 2008 (7), doi (7), april (7), december (7), 2021 (7), level (7), both (7), natural (7), time (7), cases (7), involve (7), common (7), many (7), required (7), toggle (6), all (6), articles (6), branch (6), shipwrecks (6), life (6), australia (6), submersible (6), physiology (6), depth (6), james (6), joseph (6), paul (6), cousteau (6), organisations (6), hold (6), shooting (6), snorkeling (6), unit (6), schools (6), contractors (6), buddy (6), new (6), boat (6), events (6), propulsion (6), regulations (6), barotrauma (6), supervisor (6), testing (6), tools (6), hazmat (6), cylinder (6), 2023 (6), 2009 (6), revision (6), june (6), field (6), 2007 (6), direct (6), com (6), experience (6), 978 (6), eds (6), agency (6), information (6), conducted (6), see (6), these (6), area (6), dives (6), carried (6), people (6), aspects (6), waters (6), been (6), page (5), was (5), long (5), mining (5), historical (5), network (5), artificial (5), type (5), low (5), ice (5), muck (5), model (5), richard (5), craig (5), steve (5), albert (5), sheck (5), exley (5), explorers (5), henry (5), orienteering (5), aida (5), circuit (5), aquathlon (5), football (5), corps (5), school (5), global (5), specialist (5), method (5), iso (5), based (5), undersea (5), general (5), services (5), vehicles (5), protection (5), carbon (5), high (5), sickness (5), plan (5), hazard (5), management (5), hazards (5), videography (5), demolition (5), welding (5), teams (5), reconnaissance (5), force (5), monofin (5), snorkel (5), without (5), communication (5), saturation (5), supply (5), full (5), compass (5), travel (5), personal (5), 2006 (5), rules (5), its (5), best (5), what (5), appropriate (5), scope (5), application (5), breathhold (5), others (5), oil (5), sometimes (5), engineering (5), mode (5), when (5), competitors (5), played (5), place (5), made (5), monitoring (5), between (5), specified (5), considered (5), live (5), various (5), move (5), add (4), contents (4), legal (4), about (4), site (4), source (4), aid (4), program (4), lung (4), russian (4), classification (4), reduced (4), scott (4), chris (4), andrew (4), taylor (4), george (4), scientists (4), fédération (4), française (4), études (4), sous (4), marins (4), courses (4), committee (4), canadian (4), performance (4), council (4), oceanic (4), euf (4), european (4), master (4), leader (4), ear (4), codes (4), fatalities (4), projects (4), wet (4), man (4), legislation (4), civil (4), law (4), technician (4), treatment (4), valve (4), drowning (4), blackout (4), data (4), analysis (4), planning (4), mine (4), video (4), forces (4), units (4), ama (4), disciplines (4), limits (4), acoustic (4), rouv (4), term (4), habitat (4), stage (4), closed (4), compressor (4), bottle (4), bailout (4), staff (4), mineral (4), vary (4), conditions (4), pretoria (4), pmid (4), pmc (4), kay (4), february (4), www (4), version (4), making (4), cavern (4), july (4), destinations (4), 2024 (4), 2004 (4), second (4), almost (4), large (4), them (4), case (4), likely (4), necessary (4), any (4), either (4), purposes (4), dedicated (4), structures (4), those (4), normally (4), developed (4), specialised (4), purpose (4), refers (4), depending (4), chosen (4), specific (4), allow (4), outside (4), perform (4), concrete (4), repair (4), tasks (4), applications (4), hide (4), sidebar (4), table (3), view (3), contact (3), text (3), additional (3), foundation (3), multiple (3), short (3), description (3), therapy (3), center (3), laboratory (3), heritage (3), rubicon (3), padi (3), nautical (3), coral (3), groups (3), dsrv (3), shinkai (3), bathyscaphe (3), domain (3), penetration (3), night (3), confined (3), vision (3), physiological (3), operating (3), cold (3), computer (3), researchers (3), frogmen (3), philippe (3), williams (3), bill (3), todd (3), daniel (3), smith (3), timothy (3), christopher (3), carpenter (3), clarke (3), caves (3), brian (3), wesley (3), fred (3), pierre (3), hans (3), hass (3), stephen (3), beuchat (3), photographers (3), jim (3), rule (3), pyle (3), mary (3), championships (3), competitions (3), federación (3), española (3), actividades (3), subacuáticas (3), comhairle (3), thuinn (3), apnoea (3), course (3), cdg (3), speleological (3), raid (3), bsac (3), authorities (3), registration (3), adas (3), accreditation (3), scheme (3), administration (3), imca (3), regulators (3), solo (3), divemaster (3), trim (3), story (3), handbook (3), bennett (3), per (3), link (3), incidents (3), rescues (3), sinking (3), shallow (3), delivery (3), canoe (3), torpedo (3), dry (3), porpoise (3), siebe (3), martin (3), tables (3), western (3), museum (3), investigation (3), board (3), fitness (3), first (3), hypothermia (3), hypercapnia (3), dioxide (3), narcosis (3), symptoms (3), procedure (3), contingency (3), control (3), job (3), blending (3), log (3), ascent (3), single (3), point (3), factors (3), rifle (3), sling (3), speargun (3), remotely (3), operated (3), hot (3), pipeline (3), sponge (3), armed (3), section (3), frogman (3), variable (3), constant (3), spread (3), down (3), launch (3), storage (3), reclaim (3), access (3), snuba (3), lar (3), rebreathers (3), configuration (3), face (3), cage (3), masks (3), weights (3), power (3), modes (3), 2011 (3), guideline (3), 1995 (3), 1999 (3), vol (3), washington (3), spear (3), aircraft (3), journal (3), citizen (3), how (3), experiences (3), dimmock (3), musa (3), ghazali (3), chapter (3), reason (3), 2003 (3), proceedings (3), symposium (3), hull (3), 1993 (3), three (3), risks (3), mike (3), government (3), does (3), exclusively (3), extraction (3), geology (3), infiltration (3), disposal (3), gathering (3), name (3), occupation (3), returning (3), help (3), should (3), only (3), circumstances (3), foreseeable (3), assistance (3), ability (3), require (3), will (3), safely (3), buoyant (3), goal (3), puck (3), game (3), gear (3), over (3), similar (3), venues (3), within (3), form (3), limit (3), depths (3), times (3), create (3), recording (3), specialized (3), photographic (3), members (3), popular (3), community (3), knowledge (3), reasons (3), sediment (3), were (3), guide (3), get (3), off (3), molluscs (3), aquatic (3), harvesting (3), safe (3), varied (3), samples (3), areas (3), employed (3), evidence (3), state (3), fire (3), much (3), assembly (3), inherently (3), hazardous (3), operation (3), subsection (3), languages (2), privacy (2), policy (2), terms (2), apply (2), you (2), profit (2), commons (2), attribution (2), last (2), cs1 (2), url (2), value (2), expanded (2), pages (2), images (2), wikidata (2), category (2), index (2), title (2), portal (2), outline (2), seabed (2), yuri (2), space (2), astronaut (2), save (2), check (2), karst (2), momsen (2), submerged (2), facility (2), swedish (2), mystic (2), mccann (2), office (2), challenger (2), fnrs (2), awareness (2), camera (2), sonar (2), defense (2), swimmer (2), blue (2), black (2), inshore (2), inland (2), benign (2), altitude (2), equivalent (2), models (2), thalmann (2), algorithm (2), haldane (2), bühlmann (2), thermal (2), shock (2), metre (2), jessop (2), edward (2), stanton (2), trevor (2), victor (2), jeffrey (2), joachim (2), wendler (2), walker (2), rex (2), sténuit (2), dewey (2), josef (2), dick (2), rutkowski (2), marc (2), thomas (2), tim (2), nicholas (2), patrick (2), karen (2), andreas (2), simone (2), sandra (2), macinnis (2), jon (2), emma (2), hill (2), sylvia (2), earle (2), jonathan (2), coleman (2), berry (2), cannon (2), brown (2), serena (2), arnold (2), clayton (2), valerie (2), reefs (2), arthur (2), tom (2), mount (2), graham (2), ernest (2), lee (2), spence (2), skiles (2), roberts (2), agnes (2), milowka (2), kendall (2), frink (2), frazier (2), fine (2), georges (2), allan (2), rose (2), record (2), fernando (2), garfella (2), palmer (2), louis (2), ballard (2), archaeologists (2), arne (2), zetterström (2), teseo (2), tesei (2), bevan (2), america (2), türkiye (2), sualtı (2), sporları (2), federasyonu (2), octopush (2), governing (2), turkey (2), naui (2), gue (2), cdaa (2), trimix (2), protec (2), pdic (2), corporation (2), iantd (2), fias (2), federazione (2), italiana (2), attività (2), subacquee (2), andi (2), aaus (2), ssi (2), educators (2), bond (2), iahd (2), handicapped (2), ffessm (2), fedas (2), cft (2), executive (2), institute (2), africa (2), wrstc (2), introductory (2), advanced (2), core (2), maneuver (2), clearing (2), stress (2), exposure (2), competence (2), refresher (2), guides (2), publications (2), 24801 (2), skin (2), encyclopedia (2), blueprint (2), survival (2), stewart (2), dave (2), death (2), maurice (2), incident (2), anthony (2), johnson (2), francis (2), drill (2), dolphin (2), natalia (2), molchanova (2), audrey (2), mestre (2), loïc (2), leferme (2), day (2), hall (2), fame (2), awards (2), london (2), seal (2), explorer (2), dress (2), triger (2), gordon (2), auguste (2), christian (2), lambertsen (2), deane (2), engineers (2), art (2), uss (2), monitor (2), pearling (2), timeline (2), computers (2), accidents (2), duty (2), experimental (2), uhms (2), spums (2), pacific (2), dan (2), neal (2), pollock (2), simon (2), mitchell (2), psychological (2), effects (2), personnel (2), schedules (2), demand (2), pulmonary (2), syndrome (2), nitrogen (2), gases (2), toxicity (2), hypoxia (2), illness (2), middle (2), signs (2), disorders (2), superintendent (2), officer (2), cylinders (2), stand (2), redundancy (2), communications (2), ratio (2), kayak (2), ascending (2), injury (2), task (2), behaviour (2), failure (2), silt (2), overhead (2), current (2), critical (2), design (2), race (2), region (2), sidemount (2), specialties (2), amphibious (2), polespear (2), hawaiian (2), tremie (2), lifting (2), abrasive (2), hms (2), cutting (2), actions (2), regiment (2), commando (2), operational (2), army (2), haenyeo (2), summer (2), octopus (2), wrestling (2), guillaume (2), meyer (2), flavia (2), eberhard (2), dynamic (2), vertical (2), reserve (2), jonline (2), jackstay (2), shot (2), drone (2), station (2), platforms (2), electro (2), galvanic (2), sensor (2), production (2), helium (2), panel (2), pump (2), scrubber (2), suunto (2), gorman (2), shearwater (2), manufacturers (2), hookah (2), umbilical (2), cdba (2), halcyon (2), pony (2), twin (2), hose (2), screw (2), marker (2), buoy (2), reel (2), light (2), swimfin (2), mobility (2), gauge (2), release (2), timer (2), band (2), ankle (2), weighting (2), compensator (2), oriented (2), crayfish (2), 6th (2), report (2), number (2), english (2), rome (2), bod179 (2), edition (2), lucrezi (2), milanese (2), palma (2), cerrano (2), 1371 (2), pone (2), bibcode (2), plos (2), direction (2), active (2), participants (2), phillips (2), ocean (2), coastal (2), trial (2), differ (2), 2019 (2), pursuit (2), japan (2), barsky (2), steven (2), 1997 (2), publishing (2), company (2), 941332 (2), southern (2), university (2), business (2), 2005 (2), bibliographic (2), supported (2), press (2), investigations (2), brief (2), north (2), final (2), discharge (2), nature (2), logistics (2), civilian (2), successful (2), 1988 (2), 4th (2), incorporates (2), s0300 (2), ltd (2), dauphin (2), island (2), habitats (2), enjoy (2), 2001 (2), devos (2), maillot (2), riordan (2), dirquest (2), introduction (2), methods (2), reference (2), features (2), via (2), careers (2), references (2), tour (2), gold (2), diamonds (2), inspections (2), biology (2), mapping (2), security (2), leisure (2), ordnance (2), bomb (2), television (2), programs (2), harbour (2), sponges (2), pearls (2), iwr (2), bubbles (2), resolve (2), significant (2), take (2), justified (2), equipped (2), emergencies (2), like (2), flooded (2), vessels (2), respond (2), effectively (2), unfamiliar (2), ensure (2), maintain (2), supplies (2), familiarisation (2), sufficiently (2), occurs (2), need (2), bring (2), accurately (2), individual (2), negatively (2), ball (2), filled (2), saltwater (2), frozen (2), manoeuvre (2), limited (2), players (2), completely (2), distances (2), attempt (2), each (2), ambient (2), possible (2), examples (2), although (2), distinction (2), wreckage (2), electronic (2), covered (2), competition (2), surveyed (2), process (2), unusual (2), collect (2), largely (2), observations (2), collected (2), suitable (2), cannot (2), abandoned (2), enjoyment (2), mostly (2), though (2), semi (2), managed (2), further (2), increase (2), acceptable (2), profile (2), less (2), year (2), few (2), decades (2), local (2), tourists (2), desirable (2), muddy (2), substrate (2), detritus (2), visibility (2), different (2), found (2), due (2), parts (2), deemed (2), originally (2), offered (2), convenience (2), benefit (2), allows (2), sharks (2), populations (2), close (2), motivations (2), complex (2), own (2), servicing (2), sales (2), rental (2), guided (2), cost (2), recovering (2), wild (2), freshwater (2), accessible (2), coast (2), hand (2), object (2), powered (2), spearguns (2), controlled (2), person (2), programme (2), laid (2), practical (2), newly (2), presence (2), leading (2), particularly (2), make (2), entertainment (2), measurements (2), situ (2), collection (2), coring (2), ecological (2), published (2), observing (2), qualified (2), location (2), bodies (2), recover (2), officers (2), working (2), municipal (2), departments (2), enforcement (2), river (2), exercise (2), sunk (2), survivors (2), condition (2), recent (2), closely (2), objects (2), removed (2), recovered (2), just (2), component (2), preparation (2), placement (2), components (2), drilling (2), installation (2), industrial (2), refer (2), rigging (2), requires (2), still (2), materials (2), shortened (2), territorial (2), regulated (2), works (2), casual (2), recorded (2), restricted (2), dpvs (2), provide (2), navigate (2), return (2), lines (2), choice (2), constraints (2), roles (2), things (2), purely (2), appearance (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), links (2), read (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), topic, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, conduct, contacts, disclaimers, agree, registered, trademark, organization, wikimedia, inc, creative, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, edited, 2025, utc, hidden, categories, unfit, volume, image, scaled, matches, https, php, diving_activities, oldid, 1314383783, indexes, glossary, helicopter, aircrew, device, nautilus, productions, gagarin, cosmonaut, simulator, simulation, facilities, seakeys, ontario, aware, finger, lakes, preserve, green, alliance, europe, columbia, interest, steinke, hood, davis, trunk, urf, 7103, srv, 300, asrv, remora, priz, nato, avalon, msm, lr7, lr5, liaison, nemo, turtle, 6500, 2000, cliff, pisces, nautile, mir, losharik, limiting, factor, konsul, jiaolong, jago, ictineu, deepsea, trieste, pole, harmony, archimède, alvin, aluminaut, rugged, compact, detection, against, incursions, bathysphere, torricellian, window, varying, permeability, thermodynamic, gradient, bubble, theory, balance, maximum, narcotic, reflex, blood, shift, modulated, ultrasound, acoustics, physics, keith, salvors, magennis, sydney, knowles, ian, fraser, lionel, crabb, volanthen, rick, harris, challen, rescuers, mattera, lewis, jackson, hillary, hauser, bob, halstead, bret, gilliam, gary, gentile, diolé, berge, barnette, writers, journalists, kimiya, yui, reid, wiseman, sunita, dafydd, peggy, whitson, douglas, wheelock, morgan, wells, shannon, walheim, koichi, wakata, vande, hei, thirsk, tani, talacek, nicole, stott, hervé, stevenin, heidemarie, stefanyshyn, piper, squyres, sheats, schmid, saint, tara, ruttley, kathleen, rubins, garrett, reisman, reagan, pesquet, peake, luca, parmitano, takuya, onishi, olivas, nyberg, mogensen, dorothy, metcalf, lindenburger, melchior, jessica, meir, mckinley, megan, mcarthur, matthias, maurer, marshburn, magnus, lópez, alegría, kjell, lindgren, lindbergh, dominic, landucci, kopra, kohanowich, kelly, les, kaufman, norishige, kanai, hwang, hulsbeck, akihiko, hoshide, herrington, josé, hernández, jeremy, hansen, hadfield, gruber, gerty, gernhardt, ronald, garan, satoshi, furukawa, fincke, feustel, falco, jeanette, epps, pedro, duque, dory, creamer, fabien, cooper, robin, cook, catherine, chappell, gregory, chamitoff, justin, broderick, randolph, bresnik, behnken, barth, barratt, auñón, chancellor, anderson, acaba, abercromby, aquanauts, wrecks, aristotelis, zervoudis, van, heest, nagle, clive, cussler, chatterton, leigh, bishop, stone, jack, sheppard, hogarth, kakuk, jarrod, jablonski, jill, heinerth, jochen, hasenmayer, martyn, farr, balcombe, lamar, worzel, williamson, michele, westmorland, stan, waterman, veltri, tillman, ron, tailliez, skerry, scoones, leni, riefenstahl, petit, zale, parry, parish, pete, oxford, noel, monkman, luis, marden, rudie, kuiter, monty, halls, gimbel, ric, rodney, fox, candice, farmer, doubilet, bernard, delemotte, ben, cropp, neville, eric, cheng, bird, adrian, biddle, tamara, benitez, doug, cameron, wight, ivan, tors, andy, torbet, richie, kohler, jean, michel, ramón, bravo, attenborough, samir, alhafith, filmmakers, presenters, krzysztof, starnawski, claudia, serpieri, nuno, gomes, ellyatt, bowden, pascal, bernabé, holders, cristina, zenato, throckmorton, myriam, seco, stephanie, schwabe, gunter, schöbel, margaret, rechnitzer, mendel, peterson, oleson, lyuba, ognenova, marinova, newell, meide, innes, mccartney, anna, marguerite, marx, pilar, luna, swietenia, puspa, lestari, gibbins, honor, frost, anders, franzén, fischer, delgado, eugenie, clark, cathy, church, hugh, bradner, bozanic, boutan, mensun, bound, bass, arbuthnot, environmentalists, hannes, keller, hampton, dottie, billy, deans, cahill, amelia, behrens, furniss, bonnin, aquanaut, eduard, admetlla, lázaro, pioneers, 14th, championship, hellas, federations, cycling, colombia, combatant, defence, centres, tdi, tsa, dsat, ymca, udi, tssf, sei, sdi, saa, nob, nederlandse, onderwatersport, nase, tidf, israeli, ils, saving, anmp, nationale, moniteurs, plongée, acuc, certifications, norwegian, employment, hse, referral, organizations, idsa, idrcf, certifiers, forum, leadership, supervised, autonomous, levels, diamond, finning, valsalva, frenzel, sidestroke, overlearning, muscle, memory, teaching, skill, competency, learning, silent, discovery, adventure, shadow, goldfinder, darkness, beckons, fiction, din, 7876, unesco, elliott, manuals, velek, esbjörn, svensson, rob, shaw, chrissy, rouse, françois, roubaix, kirsty, maccoll, lipski, artur, kozłowski, jones, irwin, guy, garman, fargues, milan, dufek, deon, dreyer, yale, dawson, cláudio, coutinho, cotton, coulson, bright, bridge, ricardo, armbruster, 2026, dhekunu, kandu, 1973, gambier, bradley, westell, lothar, ward, stover, smyth, skipnes, gerard, prangley, edwin, holmes, hoffman, hammerberg, guiel, roger, baldwin, wildrake, waage, venture, stena, seaspread, star, canopus, byford, mevoli, keenan, ebenezer, watson, spalding, early, tham, luang, alpazat, conception, women, nogi, lectures, award, mission, 1992, cageless, expedition, rainbow, warrior, alexandria, 1941, covert, nellie, welfreighter, siluro, san, bartolomeo, mala, necker, nymph, motorised, cosmos, ce2f, series, vintage, nikonos, magnesium, torch, 350, denise, calypso, marie, touboulic, augustus, willard, franklyn, searle, joe, savoie
Text of the page (random words):
extraction 3 2 military diving 3 3 public service 3 4 scientific 3 5 media and entertainment 3 6 tourism 3 7 diver training 3 8 aquaculture fishing and harvesting of organisms underwater 4 recreational activities toggle recreational activities subsection 4 1 scuba activities 4 2 freediving activities 5 training and skills development 6 familiarisation with equipment 7 response to an emergency 8 emergency recompression 9 classification of underwater diving activities by occupational field 10 references toggle the table of contents diving activities add languages add links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia things people do while diving underwater diving activities ship repair work may involve underwater welding underwater photography is done by recreational and professional divers diving activities are the things people do while diving underwater people may dive for various reasons both personal and professional while a newly qualified recreational diver may dive purely for the experience of diving most divers have some additional reason for being underwater recreational diving is purely for enjoyment and has several specialisations and technical disciplines to provide more scope for varied activities for which specialist training can be offered such as cave diving wreck diving ice diving and deep diving 1 2 several underwater sports are available for exercise and competition 3 there are various aspects of professional diving that range from part time work to lifelong careers professionals in the recreational diving industry include instructor trainers diving instructors assistant instructors divemasters dive guides and scuba technicians a scuba diving tourism industry has developed to service recreational diving in regions with popular dive sites commercial diving is industry related and includes civil engineering tasks such as in oil exploration offshore construction dam maintenance and harbour works commercial divers may also be employed to perform tasks related to marine activities such as naval diving ships husbandry marine salvage or aquaculture 4 5 6 other specialist areas of diving include military diving with a long history of military frogmen in various roles they can perform roles including direct combat reconnaissance infiltration behind enemy lines placing mines bomb disposal or engineering operations 7 in civilian operations police diving units perform search and rescue operations and recover evidence in some cases diver rescue teams may also be part of a fire department paramedical service sea rescue or lifeguard unit and this may be classed as public safety diving 8 9 there are also professional media divers such as underwater photographers and videographers who record the underwater world and scientific divers in fields of study which involve the underwater environment including marine biologists geologists hydrologists oceanographers and underwater archaeologists 10 6 11 the choice between scuba and surface supplied diving equipment is based on both legal and logistical constraints where the diver requires mobility and a large range of movement scuba is usually the choice if safety and legal constraints allow higher risk work particularly commercial diving may be restricted to surface supplied equipment by legislation and codes of practice 12 11 13 diving procedures edit see also freediving scuba skills surface supplied diving skills and saturation diving the standard procedures and activities essential to safe diving in the chosen diving mode using the chosen diving equipment and in the chosen diving environment are inherently part of the activities of a dive monitoring the dive profile gas supplies decompression status relative positions of the divers and communication associated with these are all standard operating procedures contingency procedures associated with the diving mode equipment and foreseeable diversions from the dive plan may also be necessary these activities may be considered as occurring in the background as in most cases they are not the reason for the dive 14 15 navigation edit shearwater perdix and ratio ix3m gps dive computers in compass mode with suunto sk7 magnetic compass in close proximity main article diver navigation navigation is a common activity during dives diver navigation termed underwater navigation by scuba divers 16 is a set of techniques including observing natural features the use of a compass and surface observations that divers use to navigate underwater free divers do not spend enough time underwater for navigation to be important and surface supplied divers are limited in the distance they can travel by the length of their umbilicals and are usually directed from the surface control point on those occasions when they need to navigate they can use the same methods used by scuba divers when it is critical for safety to return to a specific place a distance line is generally used this may be laid and left in place for other divers or recovered on the return leg use of distance lines is standard in penetration diving where the divers cannot ascend directly to the surface at all times and it is possible to lose track of the route out to open water 17 18 19 searches edit main article underwater searches searches are a fairly common diving activity and may be the primary purpose of the dive part of a more complex activity plan or incidental underwater searches are procedures to find a known or suspected target object or objects in a specified search area under water a search method attempts to provide full coverage of the search area by using a search pattern which should completely cover the search area without excessive redundancy or missed areas 20 21 22 operation of special equipment edit two divers scootering with heavy duty dpvs a diver propulsion vehicle is a type of diving equipment sometimes used by scuba divers to increase range underwater range is restricted by the amount of breathing gas that can be carried the rate at which that breathing gas is consumed and the battery power of the dpv time limits imposed on the diver by decompression requirements may also limit safe range in practice dpvs have recreational scientific and military applications 23 24 25 exploration edit see also underwater exploration and recreational diving reasons to dive there is often an element of exploration in diving activity as it is common to dive in an unfamiliar place this exploration may be casual or focused on gathering information which can be shared or recorded and published for use by others a large part of the waters accessible to divers remains virtually unknown and has not been surveyed or mapped in detail and in many cases has not yet been visited by divers exploration has been identified as one of the major motivations for recreational diving but it is mostly casual and seldom results in recorded reports which can be of use to others underwater work edit a us navy diver diversat work the umbilical supplying air from the surface is clearly visible main article underwater work see also professional diving underwater work is usually done by professional divers who are paid for their work the procedures are often regulated by legislation and codes of practice as it is an inherently hazardous occupation and the diver works as a member of a team due to the dangerous nature of some professional diving operations specialized equipment such as an on site hyperbaric chamber and diver to surface communication system is often required by law and the mode of diving for some applications may be regulated 13 26 there are several branches of professional diving the best known of which is probably commercial diving and its specialised applications there are also applications in scientific research marine archaeology fishing and aquaculture public service law enforcement military service media work and diver training specialist training may be required for some aspects of this work commercial diving edit main article commercial diving surface supplied commercial diving equipment on display at a trade show commercial diving may be considered an application of professional diving where the diver engages in underwater work for industrial construction engineering maintenance or other commercial purposes which are similar to work done out of the water and where the diving is usually secondary to the work offshore diving edit main article commercial offshore diving commercial offshore diving sometimes shortened to just offshore diving generally refers to the branch of commercial diving with divers working in support of the exploration and production sector of the oil and gas industry the work in this area of the industry includes maintenance of oil platforms and the building of underwater structures in this context offshore implies that the diving work is done outside of national boundaries technically it also refers to any diving done in the international offshore waters outside of the territorial waters of a state where national legislation does not apply most commercial offshore diving is in the exclusive economic zone of a state and much of it is outside the territorial waters the type of work includes tasks such as wellhead completion submarine pipeline monitoring and inspection assembly of manifolds and work on moorings including rigging lifting and assembly of components 27 salvage diving edit main article salvage diving salvage diving is the diving work associated with marine salvage the recovery of all or part of ships their cargoes aircraft and other vehicles and structures which have sunk or fallen into water in the case of ships it may also refer to repair work done to make an abandoned or distressed but still floating vessel more suitable for towing or propulsion under its own power the recreational technical activity known as wreck diving is generally not considered salvage work though some recovery of artifacts may be done by recreational divers most salvage diving is commercial or military work depending on the diving contractor and the purpose for the salvage operation similar underwater work may be done by divers as part of forensic investigations into accidents in which case the procedures may be more closely allied with underwater archaeology than the more basic procedures of advantageous cost benefit expected in commercial and military operations 28 29 hazmat diving edit main article hazmat diving hazmat diving generally refers to the presence of hazardous materials in the diving environment but some classes of underwater work are inherently in a hazardous materials environment including nuclear diving and sewer diving 30 underwater inspection edit see also underwater inspection inspection of underwater structures installations and sites is a common professional diving activity applicable to planning installation and maintenance phases but the required skills are often specific to the application much use is made of video and still photographic evidence and live video to allow direction of the inspection work by the supervisor and topside specialists inspections may also involve surface preparation often by cleaning and non destructive testing 31 potable water diving edit inspection of the interior of a municipal water tower requires specialized training and safety equipment main article potable water diving potable water diving is diving inside a tank that is used for potable water this is usually done for inspection and cleaning tasks a person who is trained to do this work may be described as a potable water diver the risks to the diver associated with potable water diving are related to the access confined spaces and outlets for the water the risk of contamination of the water is managed by isolating the diver in a clean dry suit and helmet or full face mask which are decontaminated before the dive 30 ships husbandry edit main article ships husbandry ships husbandry is all aspects of maintenance cleaning 32 and general upkeep of the hull rigging and equipment of a ship it may also be used to refer to aspects of maintenance which are not specifically covered by the technical departments 33 the term is used in both naval and merchant shipping 34 but naval vessel husbandry may also be used for specific reference to naval vessels 35 underwater ships husbandry includes hull cleaning inspection and some kinds of repair work 36 underwater construction edit main article underwater construction underwater construction is industrial construction in an underwater environment there is often but not necessarily a significant component of commercial diving involved 37 38 it is a part of the marine construction industry 39 concrete work is a common component of underwater construction and may involve site clearing and preparation by suction dredging airlifting high pressure and abrasive waterjetting in water surface cleaning using brushcarts shuttering and formwork bagwork and setup of reinforcement underwater concrete placement may be by tremie pumped concrete skip placement or toggle bags concrete repair and assembly of pre cast components often involves grouting other work may include fitting fixing bolts by drilling and core drilling pipe installation outfalls pipeline support and protection using mattresses for ballast and scour protection and underwater welding underwater mining and mineral extraction edit underwater mining diamonds off the orange river mouth amber in the baltic sea historical gold in rivers this section needs expansion you can help by adding missing information september 2022 military diving edit main article military diving underwater divers may be employed in any branch of an armed force including the navy army marines air force and coast guard scope of operations includes search and recovery search and rescue hydrographic survey explosive ordnance disposal demolition underwater engineering salvage ships husbandry reconnaissance infiltration sabotage counterinfiltration underwater combat and security 40 clearance diving the removal of obstructions and hazards to navigation is closely related to salvage diving but has a different purpose in that the objects to be removed are not intended to be recovered just removed or reduced to a condition where they no longer constitute a hazard or obstruction many of the techniques and procedures used in clearance diving are also used in salvage work submarine rescue is the process of locating a sunk submarine with survivors on board and bringing the survivors to safety 41 this may be done by recovering the vessel to the surface first or by transferring ...
|
