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ce move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia featured role in commercial aviation in flight crew relief commonly referred in noun form as the relief aircrew relief flight crew or just relief crew is a term used in commercial aviation when referring to the members of an aircrew intended to temporarily relieve active crew members of their duties during the course of a flight 1 the term and its role are almost exclusively applied to the secondary pilots of an aircrew commonly referred to as relief pilots that relieve the primary and active captain and or first officer co pilot in command of an aircraft to provide prolonged breaks for rest or sleep opportunities 2 3 usage edit while one crew is flying the other crew may rest in a crew rest area such as this one on a boeing 787 in flight crew relief is generally required for flights that are determined to be long haul or ultra long haul on aircraft commercially operated airline operated 4 5 in certain places such as the united states flights will be given these classifications and equipped with relief crews when around or exceeding 8 12 hours domestically or internationally 3 6 operators of these flights prototypically will have 1 or 2 relief pilots to the amalgamated 3 to 4 pilots assigned to the total aircrew depending on the regional jurisdictions regarding flight length 7 8 initially in the early years of commercial aviation pilots assigned as the second officer flight engineer or third officer of a flight crew would take the role of relieving the commanding captain or first officer when situationally necessary 9 10 11 in modern years however the pilots consisting of a relief crew are usually certified as captains or first officers correspondingly being referred in certain instances as the relief captain or relief first officer 12 13 a prominent intention for the utilization of in flight crew relief is in the interval s the pilots of the relief crew have aircraft command the pilots of the primary crew are permitted to exit the flight deck cockpit for extended periods of time and be able to regain energy from sleep or rest in the aircraft cabin or dedicated crew rest compartments equipped in some aircraft 7 14 this is often considered as an effective and significant factor in lessening the potential risks of pilot fatigue throughout the duration of flights especially ones scheduled during night and early morning hours 14 15 pilots in the relief crew may be used also to assume command of the aircraft in the event of an in flight emergency causing or due to the incapacitation or unexpected death of one or both of the commanding pilots of the primary crew 16 17 regulations and scheduling arrangements edit the members of a relief flight crew are intended by their commercial operators to be properly and fully rested prior to the departure of a flight and provided a seat in either the flight deck typically a jump seat or a seat in the cabin of the aircraft 1 14 airlines will create their own customary rules and regulations ones such as air france require the pilots of both crews present in the flight deck for the takeoff and landing sequences of the flight 18 air france also made it requirement for the relief pilot s to not engage in operating the aircraft during these processes and to assist in pre flight planning with the active crew british airways has been noted to also require the flight deck presence of the relief pilot s during takeoff and landing 19 they similarly task the relief crew to assist with ground services and flight planning before takeoff in addition to prohibiting abort or go around directive callouts from the relief pilots in these situations 19 according to cornell law school a commercial pilot can t be assigned as a member of a relief flight crew if they exceed 500 hours in any calendar quarter 800 hours in any two consecutive calendar quarters or 1 400 hours in any calendar year 20 the federal aviation administration has approved policies from multiple airlines requiring a qualified crew member such as a relief pilot to be in the flight deck during the short temporary absence of one of the active pilots as a direct result of the crash of germanwings flight 9525 in 2015 21 the schedule for when the relief crew takes over control of an aircraft s flight deck from the active crew is mainly designated in accordance with the guidelines created by the commercial operator of the aircraft though in some cases it may be arranged along with a verbal consensus between both flight crews 22 5 the common system executed between a primary and relief crew from this is that the primary active crew will command the flight for the takeoff and climb segments of the flight 1 the active crew afterwards would transfer command of the aircraft to the relief crew during the middle portions of the flight when the aircraft is primarily operating on autopilot at cruising altitude and not requiring substantial manual flight control manipulation 23 these type pilots of a relief crew that regularly take command during these portions are alternately referred as cruise relief pilots 24 cruise relief pilots are designed to command the aircraft typically at altitudes of 20 000 feet and higher 24 the primary crew will then reassume command typically before the flight s final descent into the landing approach and land the aircraft scrutinization and refinements edit the european cockpit association eca published an article on april 9 2014 in which critical concerns and issues regarding flight safety around the specialized relief crew role of a cruise relief pilot were expressed 25 the organization detailed at time of the article s publishing regulations did not make commercial operators have landing and takeoff training mandatory for cruise relief pilots the eca article addresses this further with the probable scenario of an emergency or technical malfunction stating each and every crew member in the cockpit must be able to safely handle both above and below fl 200 25 two days later on april 11 2014 the european aviation safety agency easa had proposed safety regulations regarding the liable lack of safety and certifications regulation for cruise relief pilots 26 some proposed in the published report included that a cruise relief co pilot and a cruise relief pilot are adequately trained and qualified to safely operate an aeroplane during the cruise segment of a flight and appropriate operating procedures are established for the transfer of authority from the captain to the cruise relief pilot 27 the easa in their report used supporting evidence in the bureau of enquiry and analysis for civil aviation safety s bea investigation into the crash of air france flight 447 which no directive or nomination was given from the vacating captain to whether the first officer relieving the captain in the left seat or the first officer in the right seat should be the pilot in command 28 see also edit aircrew crew rest compartment deadheading employee pilot fatigue second officer third officer references edit 1 2 3 carrico matthew matessa michael stover keith september 2018 reduced crew operations 2018 ieee aiaa 37th digital avionics systems conference dasc pp 1 8 doi 10 1109 dasc 2018 8569515 isbn 978 1 5386 4112 5 s2cid 54459983 perchance to dream expanded version flight safety foundation retrieved 2022 05 26 1 2 freeman joel 2000 08 04 how becoming an airline pilot works howstuffworks retrieved 2022 05 27 pilot ac express pilot careers portal for ac express pilots only in toronto on air canada air canada retrieved 2022 05 26 1 2 in taking a seat relief pilot added to investigators suspicion the new york times archive retrieved 2022 05 26 patterson thom 2013 09 26 britain s aviation authority says pilots slept at 30 000 feet but not at same time cnn retrieved 2022 05 31 1 2 zhang benjamin take a look inside the hidden bedrooms on board boeing s 787 dreamliner business insider retrieved 2022 05 27 flight crew alertness and sleep relative to timing of in flight rest periods in long haul flights pdf nasa ames human systems integration division 2020 p 1 retrieved june 3 2022 villamizar helwing 2022 04 23 from five to none evolution of the flight crew airwaysmag com retrieved 2022 05 26 christenson sig 2021 11 11 daredevil pilot s medals pawned in s a returned to his descendants san antonio express news retrieved 2022 05 26 women pilots the new york times 1973 06 10 issn 0362 4331 retrieved 2022 05 27 requirements on inflight relief of flight crew members pdf civil aviation authority of malaysia july 21 2005 p 2 retrieved june 3 2022 recent experience requirements pilot in command co pilot and cruise relief pilot pdf international civil aviation organization p 2 retrieved may 26 2022 permanent dead link 1 2 3 aviation united states congress house committee on transportation and infrastructure subcommittee on 2000 pilot fatigue hearings before the subcommittee on aviation of the committee on transportation and infrastructure house of representatives one hundred sixth congress first session august 3 and september 15 1999 u s government printing office isbn 978 0 16 061143 8 gander philippa h mulrine hannah m van den berg margo j smith a alexander t signal t leigh wu lora j belenky gregory 2014 08 01 pilot fatigue relationships with departure and arrival times flight duration and direction aviation space and environmental medicine 85 8 833 840 doi 10 3357 asem 3963 2014 pmid 25199126 baker al chan sewell 2009 06 19 after pilot dies jet lands safely in newark the new york times issn 0362 4331 retrieved 2022 05 26 can an average passenger actually be talked through landing a plane in an emergency mental floss 2021 09 28 retrieved 2022 05 27 augmentation study committee final report to mec pdf european cockpit association 2000 p 12 retrieved may 27 2022 1 2 augmentation study committee final report to mec pdf european cockpit association 2000 pp 15 17 retrieved may 27 2022 14 cfr 135 269 flight time limitations and rest requirements unscheduled three and four pilot crews lii legal information institute retrieved 2022 05 26 jansen bart locking the cockpit how airline security varies usa today retrieved 2022 05 31 flight crew alertness and sleep relative to timing of in flight rest periods in long haul flights pdf nasa ames human systems integration division 2020 p 8 retrieved june 3 2022 antonio puentes fall 2011 the manual flight skill of airline pilots san jose state university p 21 retrieved may 31 2022 1 2 cruise relief pilots pdf international federation of air line pilots associations september 12 2013 retrieved may 31 2022 1 2 relief pilot concept cruising down the wrong path european cockpit association retrieved 2022 06 03 mark robert p easa proposes changes to relief pilot requirements aviation international news retrieved 2022 06 03 requirements for relief pilots pdf european aviation safety agency april 11 2014 p 1 retrieved june 3 2022 requirements for relief pilots pdf european aviation safety agency april 11 2014 retrieved june 3 2022 v t e commercial aviation airlines airline codes airline holding companies cargo airline charter airlines flag carriers low cost airlines non scheduled airline passenger airlines regional airlines alliances oneworld skyteam star alliance value alliance vanilla alliance u fly alliance trade groups international aco atag iata iatan ifalpa istat united states a4a raa europe a4e asd eca ebaa era etwf other regions aaco aapa afraa raaa aircrew pilot in command captain first officer second officer third officer relief crew flight attendant flight engineer loadmaster aircraft pilot purser dead mileage airliner travel class first class first class travel business class premium economy class economy class basic economy class aircraft cabin aircraft lavatory aircraft seat map airline meal airline seat buy on board crew rest compartment in flight entertainment inflight smoking galley sickness bag airport aerodrome airline hub airport check in airport lounge airport rail link airport terminal airside pass airstair boarding domestic airport gate international airport jet bridge low cost carrier terminal runway transit hotel customs immigration arrival card border control internal departure card passport timatic travel document travel visa electronic environmental effects hypermobility environmental effects of aviation law air transport agreement air route authority between the united states and china bermuda agreement uk us 1946 1978 bermuda ii agreement uk us 1978 2008 cross strait charter beijing convention cape town treaty chicago convention convention on the marking of plastic explosives european common aviation area flight permit freedoms of the air eu us open skies agreement hague hijacking convention hague protocol montreal convention paris convention of 1919 rome convention sabotage convention tokyo convention warsaw convention intergovernmental organizations icao ecac eurocontrol easa encasia baggage bag tag baggage allowance baggage carousel baggage cart baggage reclaim baggage handler baggage handling system baggage sizer checked baggage hand luggage lost luggage worldtracer luggage lock aviation safety air rage air traffic control air traffic service aircraft safety card airport authority airport crash tender airport police airport security airspace class area control center brace position civil aviation authority control area control zone controlled airspace evacuation slide flight information region flight information service flight recorder instrument flight rules overwing exits pre flight safety demonstration sky marshal special use airspace us special visual flight rules terminal control area terminal control center uncontrolled airspace upper information region visual flight rules airline tickets airline booking ploys airline reservations system airline ticket airline timetable bereavement flight boarding pass codeshare agreement continent pass electronic ticket fare basis code flight cancellation and delay frequent flyer program government contract flight one way travel open jaw ticket overbooking overselling passenger name record red eye flight round the world ticket standby tracking travel agency ground crew aircraft maintenance technician aircraft ground handling baggage handler flight dispatcher miscellaneous air cargo air travel airplane film aviation taxation and subsidies mile high club steffen boarding method retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title in flight_crew_relief oldid 1321874617 category occupations in aviation hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata all articles with dead external links articles with dead external links from august 2025 articles with permanently dead external links this page was last edited on 13 november 2025 at 03 44 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution 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