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eliberation cognitive diversity and democratic inclusiveness an epistemic argument for the random selection of representatives synthese 190 7 1209 1231 doi 10 1007 s11229 012 0062 6 s2cid 21572876 1 2 bouricious terrill 2013 democracy through multi body sortition athenian lessons for the modern day journal of public deliberation 9 1 article 11 retrieved june 4 2019 page scott e 2007 chapter 6 the difference how the power of diversity creates better groups firms schools and societies princeton university press dreifus claudia january 8 2008 in professor s model diversity productivity the new york times retrieved june 4 2019 tridimas george june 1 2018 on sortition comment on proposals for a democracy of the future by bruno frey homo oeconomicus 35 1 91 100 doi 10 1007 s41412 017 0054 3 issn 2366 6161 1 2 vinding magnus 2022 14 democracy reasoned politics copenhagen ratio ethica pp 225 226 isbn 9798790852930 burnheim john 2006 3 is democracy possible the alternative to electoral democracy sydney sydney university press isbn 978 1 920898 42 7 graeber david april 9 2013 the democracy project a history a crisis a movement random house inc pp 957 959 isbn 978 0 679 64600 6 retrieved october 1 2018 grant adam august 21 2023 opinion the worst people run for office it s time for a better way the new york times issn 0362 4331 retrieved august 28 2023 taylor steve june 20 2023 how the ancient greeks kept ruthless narcissists from capturing their democracy and what modern politics could learn from them the conversation retrieved october 18 2024 burnheim john 2006 is democracy possible university of california press pp 124 125 isbn 978 1920898427 lafont cristina march 1 2015 deliberation participation and democratic legitimacy should deliberative mini publics shape public policy pdf journal of political philosophy 23 1 40 63 doi 10 1111 jopp 12031 issn 1467 9760 delannoi gil dowlen oliver october 5 2016 sortition theory and practice andrews uk limited isbn 978 1 84540 700 1 dowlen oliver june 2009 sorting out sortition a perspective on the random selection of political officers political studies 57 2 298 315 doi 10 1111 j 1467 9248 2008 00746 x issn 0032 3217 s2cid 144381781 manin bernard 1997 the principles of representative government cambridge p 56 isbn 978 1 4619 4910 7 oclc 861693063 cite book cs1 maint location missing publisher link pluchino a garofalo c rapisarda a spagano s caserta m october 2011 accidental politicians how randomly selected legislators can improve parliament efficiency physica a statistical mechanics and its applications 390 21 22 3944 3954 arxiv 1103 1224 bibcode 2011phya 390 3944p doi 10 1016 j physa 2011 06 028 s2cid 2928707 pluchino alessandro rapisarda andrea garofalo cesare february 2010 the peter principle revisited a computational study physica a statistical mechanics and its applications 389 3 467 472 arxiv 0907 0455 bibcode 2010phya 389 467p doi 10 1016 j physa 2009 09 045 s2cid 9077554 caserta maurizio pluchino alessandro rapisarda andrea spagano salvatore 2021 why lot how sortition could help representative democracy physica a statistical mechanics and its applications 565 125430 bibcode 2021phya 56525430c doi 10 1016 j physa 2020 125430 s2cid 229495274 sortition as a sustainable protection against oligarchy february 17 2012 retrieved february 24 2023 talk by étienne chouard at 0 17 10 zaphir luke 2017 democratic communities of inquiry creating opportunities to develop citizenship educational philosophy and theory 50 4 359 368 doi 10 1080 00131857 2017 1364156 s2cid 149151121 pow james january 2 2023 mini publics and the wider public the perceived legitimacy of randomly selecting citizen representatives representation 59 1 13 32 doi 10 1080 00344893 2021 1880470 issn 0034 4893 yamaguchi akito hata masaki inoue akira 2024 how can we accept our decisions an experimental study on lottocracy epistocracy and electoral democracy japanese journal of political science 25 3 123 139 doi 10 1017 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by étienne chouard 0representative government3 03 populiste n est pas un gros mot entretien avec etienne chouard populist is not a big word interview with etienne chouard ragemag in french august 24 2012 archived from the original on august 28 2012 threlkeld simon summer 1998 a blueprint for democratic law making give citizen juries the final say social policy 5 9 via equality by lot threlkeld simon summer 1997 democratizing public institutions juries for the selection of public officials humanist in canada 120 24 25 33 via equality by lot hulsey t l january 1 2026 the constitution of non state government field guide to texas secession second edition stagirite press pp 142 151 isbn 978 1883853112 hulsey t l 2026 the constitution of non state government stagirite press p 147 sutherland keith john 2011 what sortition can and cannot do social science research network doi 10 2139 ssrn 1928927 s2cid 155748383 hulsey t l 2026 the constitution of non state government stagirite press p 151 further reading edit lottocracy democracy without elections 2024 by alexander guerrero external links edit organizations around the world that promote sortition v t e electoral systems part of the politics and economics series single winner approval voting combined approval voting unified primary borda count bucklin voting condorcet methods copeland s method dodgson s method kemeny method minimax condorcet method nanson s method ranked pairs schulze method exhaustive ballot first past the post voting instant runoff voting coombs method contingent vote supplementary vote simple majoritarianism plurality positional voting system score voting star voting two round system graduated majority judgment proportional systems mixed member mixed single vote party list proportional approval voting rural urban sequential proportional approval voting single transferable vote cpo stv hare clark schulze stv spare vote indirect single transferable voting allocation highest averages method webster sainte laguë d hondt largest remainders method quotas droop quota hagenbach bischoff quota hare quota imperiali quota mixed parallel voting mmp additional member system alternative vote plus mixed single vote mixed ballot transferable vote scorporo vote linkage mixed system semi proportional single non transferable vote limited voting cumulative voting satisfaction approval voting criteria condorcet winner criterion condorcet loser criterion consistency criterion independence of clones independence of irrelevant alternatives independence of smith dominated alternatives later no harm criterion majority criterion majority loser criterion monotonicity criterion mutual majority criterion participation criterion plurality criterion resolvability criterion reversal symmetry smith criterion seats to votes ratio other ballot center squeeze election threshold first preference votes liquid democracy nomination rules sham election spoilt vote sortition unseating wasted vote comparison comparison of electoral systems electoral systems by country portal project retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title sortition oldid 1372885563 replace_legislatures categories ancient greece elections direct democracy sampling statistics democracy democratization applications of randomness deliberative groups hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use mdy dates from june 2019 cs1 italian language sources it wikipedia articles needing page number citations from february 2024 all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from february 2024 cs1 maint location missing publisher cs1 maint multiple names authors list cs1 maint periodical has isbn articles with excerpts articles containing german language text cs1 danish language sources da cs1 french language sources fr this page was last edited on 2 september 2026 at 20 11 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons 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