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nal council is uniquely involved in the legislative process with equal oversight with regards to economic law and social policy including such controversial topics as abortion chapter 6 of the constitution explains its interworkings with the islamic consultative assembly articles 91 97 all fall into the legislative chapter 6 judicial authority edit the council of guardians also functions similar to a constitutional court the authority to interpret the constitution is vested in the council 22 interpretative decisions require a three quarters majority the council does not conduct a court hearing where opposing sides are argued electoral authority edit since 1991 all candidates of parliamentary or presidential 23 elections as well as candidates for the assembly of experts have to be qualified by the constitutional council in order to run in the election for major elections it typically disqualifies most candidates as seen in the 2009 election where out of the 476 men and women applied to the constitutional council to seek the presidency only four were approved 24 the council is accorded supervision of elections 25 26 the constitutional council interprets the term supervision in article 99 of the iranian constitution as approbation supervision persian نظارت استصوابی romanized nezārat e estesvābī 27 which implies the right to accept or reject the legality of elections and the competency of candidates this interpretation is in contrast with the idea of notification supervision persian نظارت استطلاعی romanized nezārat e estetlā ī which does not imply the mentioned approval right 28 the evidentiary supervision persian نظارت استنادی romanized nezārat e estenādī which requires evidences for acceptance or rejection of elections legality and candidates competency is another interpretation of mentioned article 29 30 composition edit the council is composed of islamic clerics and lawyers 31 the iranian constitution calls for the council to be composed of six islamic faqihs experts in islamic law conscious of the present needs and the issues of the day to be selected by the supreme leader of iran who may dismiss them at will 32 and six jurists specializing in different areas of law to be elected by the majlis from among the muslim jurists nominated by the chief justice 33 who in turn is also appointed by the supreme leader 34 35 membership is for phased six year terms half the membership changes every three years 35 32 criticism edit role in the 2009 elections edit further information iranian presidential election 2009 when the 2009 presidential election was announced popular former president mohammad khatami would not discuss his plans to run against mahmoud ahmadinejad for the council might have disqualified khatami as it had other reformists candidatures on the grounds that they were not dedicated enough to islamic values 36 37 on 29 june 2009 the constitutional council certified the results of the controversial election in which ahmadinejad was elected 38 the council had completed a recount of 10 per cent of the overall votes in order to appease the citizens of iran 39 as the final authority on the election the council has declared the election closed 40 the certification of the results set off a wave of protests disregarding the iranian government s ban on street marches 38 increases the role of the irgc in everyday politics edit the council favors military candidates at the expense of reform candidates this ensures that the ideological islamic revolutionary guard corps separate from the iranian army holds a commanding influence over the political economic and cultural life of iran 41 arbitrary disqualifications of candidates from elections edit hadi khamenei the brother of supreme leader ali khamenei and an adviser in the administration of reformist former president mohammad khatami has said the constitutional council s vetting of candidates threatens iranian democracy he believes some reformist candidates are wrongly kept from running 42 in 1998 the constitutional council rejected his candidacy for a seat in the assembly of experts for insufficient theological qualifications 43 44 after conservative candidates fared poorly in the 2000 parliamentary elections the council disqualified more than 3 600 reformist and independent candidates for the 2004 elections 45 in the run up to the 2006 iranian assembly of experts election all female candidates were disqualified 46 the council disqualified many candidates in the 2008 parliamentary elections one third of them were members of the outgoing parliament it had previously approved 41 the iranian ministry of the interior reasons for disqualification included narcotics addiction or involvement in drug smuggling connections to the shah s pre revolutionary government lack of belief in or insufficient practice of islam being against the islamic republic or having connections to foreign intelligence services 41 47 48 rule by unelected leaders edit this unelected council frequently vetoes bills passed by the popularly elected legislature 46 it repeatedly vetoes bills that are in favour of women s rights electoral reform the prohibition of torture and ratification of international human rights treaties 45 rigging results after elections in favor of conservatives edit the guardian council has been criticized for ousting pro reform candidates who had won their elections without providing legal justification or factual evidence examples of such interventions by the guardian council are annulment of the results in khoy and eslamabad e gharb 2000 49 rahman kargosha 2000 arak certain ballots were voided in order to declare the conservative incumbent as the winner 49 alireza rajaei 2000 tehran certain ballots were voided in order to declare the conservative incumbent as the winner 50 minoo khaleghi 2016 isfahan disqualified after winning the election 51 khaled zamzamnejad 2016 bandar lengeh election annulled 52 beytollah abdollahi 2016 ahar and heris election annulled 53 membership edit current members edit principlists conservatives the template below col begin is being considered for deletion see templates for discussion to help reach a consensus clerics name seat up ref ahmad jannati secretary 2028 54 mehdi shabzendedar jahromi 2028 54 mohammad reza modarresi yazdi 2028 54 ahmad hosseini khorasani 2031 54 alireza arafi 2031 54 ahmad khatami 2031 54 jurists name seat up ref siamak rahpeyk vice secretary 2028 54 abbas ali kadkhodaei 2028 54 kheyrollah parvin 2028 54 gholamreza molabeygi 2031 54 behzad pourseyyed 2031 54 hadi tahan nazif spokesman 2031 54 historic membership edit name period 1980 86 1986 92 1992 98 1998 04 2004 10 2010 16 2016 22 2022 00 clerics ahmad jannati yes mohammad momen n a yes n a mohammad emami kashani n a yes n a gholamreza rezvani n a yes n a abolghasem khazali n a yes n a mahmoud hashemi shahroudi n a yes n a abdolrahim rabbani shirazi yes n a lotfollah safi golpaygani yes n a yousef sanei yes n a mohammad reza mahdavi kani yes n a mohammad mohammadi gilani n a yes n a reza ostadi n a yes n a mohammad hassan ghadiri n a yes n a hassan taheri khorramabadi n a yes n a mohammad yazdi n a yes n a mohammad reza modarresi yazdi n a yes mohammad mehdi rabbani amlashi yes n a sadegh larijani n a yes n a yes until 2021 n a mehdi shabzendedar jahromi n a yes alireza arafi n a yes ahmad khatami n a yes ahmad hosseini khorasani n a yes jurists mohsen hadavi yes n a mehdi hadavi yes n a mohammad salehi yes n a ali arad yes n a yes n a hossein mehrpour yes n a goudarz eftekhar jahromi yes n a jalal madani n a yes n a khosro bijani yes n a hassan fakheri n a yes n a mohammad reza alizadeh n a yes n a hassan habibi n a yes n a ahmad alizadeh n a yes n a mohammad reza abbasifard n a yes n a reza zavare i n a yes n a ebrahim azizi n a yes n a abbas ali kadkhodaei n a yes n a yes gholamhossein elham n a yes n a abbas ka bi n a yes n a mohsen esmaeili n a yes n a mohammad salimi n a yes n a siamak rahpeyk n a yes hossein ali amiri n a yes n a sam savadkouhi n a yes n a nejatollah ebrahimian n a yes n a fazlollah mousavi n a yes n a mohammad dehghan n a yes until 2021 n a mohammad hassan sadeghi moghaddam n a yes until 2025 hadi tahan nazif n a yes gholamreza molabeygi n a yes from 2021 yes kheyrollah parvin n a yes behzad pourseyyed n a yes from 2025 note each period represents a six year term from july to june and the number of members in a given period may exceed the maximum twelve members quota because of the random rotations prescribed in the law 55 see also edit iran portal politics portal history of political islam in iran references edit a look at iran s key political and religious figures english aawsat com https www washingtonpost com national 2026 02 28 iran leadership tehran trump israel 3bac5a04 14df 11f1 8e8d fe91db44677b_story html itid sr_0_fd26d0c7 fc57 4f6d 967b ff7e4569a941 https www stuff co nz world news 360945098 look irans key political and religious figures 1 2 3 sandhu deep schirazi asghar 2003 guardian council in sandhu deep ed encyclopædia iranica vol xi new york ny encyclopaedia iranica foundation pp 379 382 isbn 0933273711 council of guardians definition role selection history encyclopedia britannica retrieved 2021 03 17 1 2 3 the guardian council iran data portal political institutions retrieved 7 september 2022 article 98 of the constitution articles 96 and 94 of the constitution 1 2 article 99 of the constitution 1 2 the guardian council expands power election monitoring boards arseh sevom arseh sevom feb 18 2020 retrieved february 24 2020 https www atlanticcouncil org blogs iransource factbox irans 2020 parliamentary elections arash azizi atlantic council february 14 2020 retrieved february 24 2020 whose iran laura secor the new york times january 28 2007 retrieved september 22 2008 iran voices struggling to be heard u s department of state fact sheet april 9 2004 retrieved september 22 2008 the revolutionary guards role in iranian politics council on foreign relations retrieved 2022 09 21 iran guards wield electoral power behind scenes reuters 2013 06 04 retrieved 2022 09 21 staff agencies 24 may 2005 iran reverses ban on reformist candidates the guardian 1 2 خانه ملت mellat majlis ir archived from the original on 5 july 2009 retrieved 11 january 2022 iranian legislature approves funds for gasoline imports archived 2006 11 01 at the wayback machine provides an example the need for approval of the guardian council article 4 archived 2006 12 09 at the wayback machine article 112 archived 2006 12 09 at the wayback machine article 98 archived 2006 12 09 at the wayback machine article 110 clause 9 archived 2006 12 09 at the wayback machine eqbali aresu 29 may 2009 iranian women need more rights candidate s wife afp archived from the original on may 25 2012 retrieved 25 june 2009 article 99 archived 2006 12 09 at the wayback machine خانه ملت deprecated link archived 2006 10 11 at archive today سايت اطلاع رساني شوراي نگهبان آشنايي با شوراي نگهبان shora gc ir magiran com نشريه حقوق اساسي شماره 21 magiran com mellat electronic newspaper archived may 3 2007 at the wayback machine iran newspaper www irannewspaper ir archived from the original on 16 may 2007 retrieved 6 june 2022 irisn com portal irisn com archived from the original on 2010 12 03 retrieved 2010 08 21 1 2 article 110 archived 2006 12 09 at the wayback machine iranian government constitution english text manou associates inc archived from the original on 2011 06 17 iranian government constitution english text manou associates inc archived from the original on 2011 06 17 1 2 article 91 archived 2006 12 09 at the wayback machine khatami reluctant to discuss candidacy archived 2009 04 27 at the wayback machine maryam sinaiee the national september 21 2008 split hard liners hold iran parliament ap via usa today march 16 2008 1 2 michael slackman june 29 2009 iran council certifies disputed election results the new york times lebanon s president congratulates admadinejad on re election washington tv june 30 2009 archived from the original on july 16 2011 retrieved june 30 2009 iran electoral body won t accept more election objections easybourse june 30 2009 retrieved june 30 2009 permanent dead link 1 2 3 the revolutionary guards role in iranian politics archived 2016 11 04 at the wayback machine ali alfoneh middle east quarterly fall 2008 accessed via aei s website on september 22 2008 khamenei s brother attacks reformist purge bbc news 2000 01 12 retrieved 2009 07 28 a william samii 2000 01 17 candidates rejected and guardians criticized radio free europe radio liberty iran report retrieved 2009 07 28 iranian elections 1997 2001 pbs retrieved 2009 07 28 1 2 overview of human rights issues in iran human rights watch 2005 01 13 retrieved 2009 07 28 cite web cs1 maint deprecated archival service link 1 2 the iranian regime human rights and civil liberties under siege u s state department fact sheet april 18 2007 retrieved september 23 2008 guardian council encyclopaedia iramica retrieved 7 september 2022 iran elections everything you need to know about june presidential vote middle east eye 11 june 2021 retrieved 7 september 2022 1 2 samii bill 19 june 2000 iran report radio free europe radio liberty vol 3 no 24 sahimi muhammad 11 august 2009 patriots and reformists behzad nabavi and mostafa tajzadeh tehran bureau erdbrink thomas 11 may 2016 she won a seat in iran s parliament but hard liners had other plans the new york times ابطال آرای حوزه بندرلنگه و بستک 2016 05 21 archived from the original on 21 may 2016 retrieved 2022 04 01 نتيجه نهايي مرحله دوم انتخابات مجلس در حوزه انتخابيه اهر و هریس خبرگزاری مهر اخبار ایران و جهان mehr news agency in persian 2016 04 30 retrieved 2022 04 01 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 اعضای شورای نگهبان yasmin alem 2011 duality by design the iranian electoral system washington d c international foundation for electoral systems ifes p 19 isbn 978 1 931459 59 4 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