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qalandariyya wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 origin 2 spread 3 see also 4 bibliography 5 references toggle the table of contents qalandariyya 18 languages العربية مصرى azərbaycanca башҡортса বাংলা català dansk deutsch فارسی français italiano nederlands русский سنڌي тоҷикӣ türkçe اردو oʻzbekcha ўзбекча edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia unorthodox sufi mystical order qalandari redirects here for places in iran see qalandari iran this article is about the sufi order for the followers of lal shahbaz qalandar see lal shahbaz qalandar for the members of the ethnic group see qalandar caste for the members of the tribe see qalandar hazara tribe part of a series on islam beliefs oneness of god angels holy books prophets judgement day barzakh predestination resurrection heaven hell practices profession of faith prayer almsgiving fasting pilgrimage texts foundations quran sunnah hadith hadith qudsi sirah tafsir exegesis ijtihad aqidah creed qisas al anbiya stories of the prophets mathnawi poems fiqh jurisprudence sharia law history timeline jahiliyyah muhammad ahl al bayt early muslims salaf companions second generation third generation succession to muhammad rashidun caliphate imamate spread of islam shia sunni relations culture and society academics animals art association football calendar cats censorship children circumcision democracy demographics diaspora denominations sunni shia ibadi economics education ethics exorcism feminism finance friday prayer halal holidays liberalism madrasa moral teachings mosque multiculturalism music mysticism philosophy poetry politics proselytizing science sexuality lgbtq slavery concubinage social welfare women related topics arabic apostasy criticism muhammad quran hadith golden age other religions islamism islamophobia jihad jihadism salafi jihadism deobandi jihadism military laws peace pacifism muslims glossary index outline islam portal v t e part of a series on islam sufism ideas abdal al insān al kāmil baqaa dervish dhawq fakir fana hal haqiqa ihsan irfan ishq karamat kashf lataif manzil ma rifa maqam murid murshid nafs nūr qalandar qayyum qutb silsila sufi cosmology sufi metaphysics sufi philosophy sufi poetry sufi psychology salik tazkiah wali yaqeen practices anasheed dhikr haḍra khalwa sufism muraqabah qawwali sama whirling tawajjuh ziyarat sufi orders akbari alians azeemia ba alawi badawi bayrami bektashi burhani chishti darqawi galibi haqqani hurufi idrisi inayati issawiyya jelveti jerrahi khalwati khatmiyya kubrawi madari mahdavi maizbhandari malamati mevlevi mouridi ni matullāhī naqshbandi noorbakshi nuqtavi qadiri qalandari rahmani rifaʽi safavi sadiyya salihiyya senusi shadhili suhrawardi sülaymaniye shattari tijani uwaisi zahabiya zahedi zikri list of sufis notable early notable modern singers topics in sufism tawhid sharia tariqa haqiqa ma rifa art history sufi music persecution ziyarat islam portal v t e the qalandariyya arabic قلندرية is a sufi spiritual order associated with the qalandar a title used in islamic mysticism emerging in the medieval islamic world the qalandariyya became associated with a small number of prominent mystics and ascetics across different historical periods including huzoor makki qalandar sahabi e rasool rabia al basri lal shahbaz qalandar bu ali shah qalandar khawaja emaduddin qalandar badshah and more recently qalandar baba auliya whose influence extended across persia central asia and south asia 1 qalandar beggars in turkestan between 1865 and 1872 several later spiritual movements and sufi schools trace inspiration or lineage to the qalandari tradition among these is the azeemia order founded in the 20th century by qalandar baba awliya 2 origin edit according to qalandari hagiographical traditions the qalandariyya order traces its origins to abdul aziz makki who is described as a descendant of the prophet salih and among the ashab al suffa the companions who resided in the suffa area of the prophet s mosque masjid e nabvi in medina tradition holds that after learning of the coming of the islamic prophet muhammad abdul aziz makki prayed to god to allow him to live long enough to witness his era according to these accounts his prayer was accepted he embraced islam at the hands of muhammad and was given the name of qalandar by the prophet 3 some sufi traditions associate the early spiritual foundations of the qalandariyya silsila with the egyptian mystic dhu al nun al misri 3 2 according to some secondary sources the qalandariyya are an unorthodox tariqa of sufi dervishes that originated in medieval al andalus as an answer to the state sponsored zahirism of the almohad caliphate 4 5 according to other secondary sources the qalandariyya may have arisen from the earlier malamatiyya 2 and exhibited some buddhist and hindu influences in south asia 6 7 the malamatiyya condemned the use of drugs and dressed only in blankets or in hip length hairshirts 6 one could perhaps describe them as ostentatious malamatis thus they shaved their eyebrows and beards wore strange clothing led an errant life living off the charity of the local populations they had no or very few zawiyas and wandered about in bands accompanied by flags drums and strange music their greatest appeal generally was to members of the lower and uneducated classes their doctrine of disregard for formal religious observances led to great laxity and immorality in their behavior 7 spread edit from al andalus the qalandariyya quickly spread into north africa the levant arabia the iranosphere anatolia central asia and pakistan 4 5 in the early 12th century the movement gained popularity in greater khorasan and neighbouring regions including south asia 8 the qalandariyya played an important role in the historical development of anatolia urging the turkoman chieftains into revolts against the sultanate of rum while exciting them to the idea of militant jihad against the christians 7 the qalandariyya spread to hazrat pandua in bengal and places in pakistan through the efforts of multiple qalandari figures 4 9 front view of a shrine dedicated to shams ali qalandar in pakistan khanquah emadia qalandaria of khawaja emaduddin qalandar badshah located in patna city qalandari songs in pakistan typically incorporate qawwali styles as well as different local folk styles such as bhangra and intense naqareh or dhol drumming 10 see also edit azeemiyya suhrawardiyya chishtiyya mawlawiyya rifa iyya qadiriyya bektashiyya naqshbandiyya zahediyya khalwatiyya bayramiyya safaviyya bibliography edit de bruijn the qalandariyya in persian mystical poetry from sana i in the heritage of sufism 2003 ashk dahlén the holy fool in medieval islam the qalandariyya of fakhr al din araqi orientalia suecana vol 52 2004 references edit azeemi khwaja shamsuddin ek so ek aulia allah khawateen khanqah e azeemia spiritual sufi order in urdu retrieved 15 may 2026 1 2 3 azeemi khwaja shamsuddin tazkira qalandar baba auliya khanqah e azeemia spiritual sufi order in urdu retrieved 15 may 2026 1 2 qalanderi order khanqah e azeemia spiritual sufi order retrieved 15 may 2026 1 2 3 ivanov sergej arkadevich 2006 holy fools in byzantium and beyond oxford university press oxford uk page 368 isbn 0 19 927251 4 1 2 de bruijn j t p the qalandariyya in persian mystical poetry from sand i onwards in lewisohn leonard ed 1992 the legacy of mediæval persian sufism khaniqahi nimatullahi london pp 61 75 isbn 0 933546 45 9 1 2 merriam webster s encyclopædia of world religions merriam webster 1999 p 896 retrieved 22 october 2011 the qalandariyya seem to have arisen from the earlier malamatiyya in central asia and exhibited buddhist and perhaps hindu influences 1 2 3 vryonis speros 1971 the decline of medieval hellenism in asia minor and the process of islamisation from the eleventh through the fifteenth century berkeley california university press p 367 368 merriam webster s encyclopædia of world religions merriam webster 1999 p 896 retrieved 22 october 2011 the movement is first mentioned in khorasan in the 11th century from there it spread to india syria and western iran muhammad ruhul amin 2012 qalandaria in sirajul islam miah sajahan khanam mahfuza ahmed sabbir eds banglapedia the national encyclopedia of bangladesh online ed dhaka bangladesh banglapedia trust asiatic society of bangladesh isbn 984 32 0576 6 oclc 52727562 ol 30677644m retrieved 21 september 2026 malik iftikhar haider 2006 culture and customs of pakistan greenwood press westport connecticut page 171 isbn 0 313 33126 x authority control databases international gnd fast national united states france bnf data israel other i̇slâm ansiklopedisi retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title qalandariyya oldid 1366525344 categories sufism in pakistan sunni sufi orders heterodox sufi groups hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles containing arabic language text cs1 urdu language sources ur this page was last edited on 28 july 2026 at 14 36 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents qalandariyya 18 languages add topic
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