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sugar and significantly increasing your risk of diabetes our children are most at risk because soft drinks are part of their lifestyle 107 on 4 december 2018 the ministry of health began a consultation exercise to seek public s feedback on four proposed measures to fight diabetes including a ban on high sugar packet drinks and implementation of a sugar tax 108 109 110 on 10 october 2019 the ministry of health chose to ban advertisements of drinks with high sugar content making singapore the first country in the world to do so as well as introduce color coded labels this comes after a public consultation favored these two options out of four the labels will indicate drinks as healthy neutral unhealthy and take into account the amount of sugar and saturated fat contained in drinks among other factors they will be compulsory for unhealthy drinks and optional for healthy ones covering instant drinks soft drinks juices cultured milk and yogurt drinks in bottles cans and packs these measures will take effect sometime in 2020 111 112 south africa edit south africa proposed a sugar sweetened beverages tax in the 2016 south african national government budget 113 south africa introduced a sugar tax on 1 april 2018 the levy was fixed at 2 1 cents per gram of sugar for each gram above 4g per 100ml of sweetened beverage the levy excludes fruit juices despite health professionals warning that fruit juice is as bad for a person as highly sugary drinks 114 in 2022 the government considered extending the tax to fruit juices 6 st helena edit in march 2014 the government of the island of st helena a british overseas territory in the south atlantic announced that it would be introducing an additional import duty of 75 pence per litre on sugar sweetened carbonated drinks with more than 15 grams of sugar per litre 115 the measure was introduced in may 2014 as part of a number of measures to tackle obesity on the island and the resulting high incidence of type 2 diabetes thailand edit sugar tariffs since oct 2017 116 tonga edit tonga has a soda tax 117 united arab emirates edit in october 2017 the united arab emirates introduced a 50 tax on soft drinks and a 100 tax on energy drinks to curb unhealthy consumption of sugary drinks that can lead to diabetes it also added a 100 tax on cigarettes 118 from 1 january 2020 the uae would impose a tax on all products which contains sugar or artificial sweeteners 119 united kingdom edit in the 2016 united kingdom budget the uk government announced the introduction of a sugar tax officially named the soft drinks industry levy the tax came into effect on 6 april 2018 120 beverage manufacturers are taxed according to the volume of sugar sweetened beverages they produce or import the tax is imposed at the point of production or importation in two bands drinks with total sugar content above 5g per 100 millilitres are taxed at 18p per litre and drinks above 8g per 100 millilitres at 24p per litre the measure was estimated to generate an additional 1 billion a year in tax revenue which would be spent on funding for sport in uk schools 121 122 the tax raised 336m in 2019 2020 123 despite not being part of the united kingdom the british soft drinks industry levy came into force on the isle of man on 1 april 2019 because of the common purse agreement 124 it was proposed that pure fruit juices milk based drinks and the smallest producers would not be taxed 125 for other beverages there was an expectation that some manufacturers would voluntarily reduce the sugar content in order to avoid the taxation for example barr s changed the recipe of their best selling irn bru soft drink in 2018 and many long term fans were disappointed at the change to the beloved drink cans and bottles dated before then sold for hundreds of pounds on websites such as ebay following the outcry 125 a 2024 study led by the university of cambridge found that in the 11 months after the implementation of the tax daily sugar consumption from drinks had fallen on average by 3 0g in children and 5 2g in adults 126 a 2025 study found that the tax reduced intake of about 6 600 calories per year per uk resident 80 of which is attributable to reformulation by manufacturers 127 in november 2025 the new labour government announced that the soft drinks industry levy would be widened to also include pre packaged milkshakes coffees and protein drinks as well as lowering the sugar threshold to 4 5g per 100 millilitres the measures were cautiously welcomed by the think tank the food policy institute 128 129 united states edit the united states does not have a nationwide soda tax but taxes have been passed by localities 130 131 a few states also impose excise taxes on bottled soft drinks or on wholesalers manufacturers or distributors of soft drinks 132 supermarket chilled beverage selection berkeley california edit the measure d soda tax was approved by 76 133 134 of berkeley voters on 4 november 2014 and took effect on 1 january 2015 as the first such tax in the united states 135 the measure imposes a tax of one cent per us fluid ounce 34 l on the distributors of specified sugar sweetened beverages such as soda sports drinks energy drinks and sweetened ice teas but excluding milk based beverages meal replacement drink diet sodas fruit juice and alcohol the revenue generated will enter the general fund of the city of berkeley 136 in august 2015 researchers found that average prices for beverages covered under the law rose by less than half of the tax amount for coke and pepsi 22 percent of the tax was passed on to consumers with the balance paid by vendors 137 uc berkeley researchers found a higher pass through rate for the tax 47 of the tax was passed through to higher prices of sugar sweetened beverages overall with 69 being passed through to higher soda prices 138 in august 2016 a uc berkeley study relying on self reporting showed a 21 drop in the drinking of soda and sugary beverages in low income berkeley neighborhoods after a few months 139 a study from 2016 compared the changing intake of sugar sweetened beverages and water in berkeley versus san francisco and oakland which did not have a sugary drink tax passed before and after berkeley passed its sugary drink tax this analysis showed a 26 decrease of soda consumption in berkeley and 10 increase in san francisco and oakland while water intake increased by 63 in berkeley and 19 in the two neighboring cities 140 a 2017 before and after study concluded that one year after the tax was introduced in berkeley sugary drink sales decreased by 9 6 when compared to a scenario where the tax was not in place 141 this same study also showed that overall consumer spending did not increase contradicting the argument of opponents of the sugary drink tax 141 results from another 2017 study were that purchases of healthier drinks went up and sales of sugary drinks went down without overall grocery bills increasing or the local food sector losing money 142 a 2019 study relying on self reporting found a 53 drop in consumption in low income neighborhoods after three years 143 oakland california edit a one cent per ounce soda tax measure hh passed with over 60 of the vote on 8 november 2016 the tax went into effect on 1 july 2017 144 san francisco california edit a one cent per ounce soda tax prop v passed with over 61 of the vote on 8 november 2016 and applies to distributors of sugary beverages on 1 january 2018 144 exemptions for the tax include infant formulas milk products supplements drinks used for medical reasons and 100 fruit and vegetable juices 145 the soda industry doubled their spending from 2014 to almost 20 million in its unsuccessful push to defeat the soda tax initiative a record breaking amount for a san francisco ballot initiative 146 albany california edit a one cent per us fluid ounce 34 l soda tax prop o1 passed with over 70 of the vote on 8 november 2016 144 the tax went into effect on 1 april 2017 147 santa cruz california edit a voter approved two cents per ounce soda tax was implemented in april 2025 148 boulder colorado edit a two cents per ounce soda tax measure 2h passed with 54 of the vote on 8 november 2016 144 the tax took effect on 1 july 2017 and revenue will be spent on health promotion general wellness programs and chronic disease prevention that improve health equity and other health programs especially for residents with low income and those most affected by chronic disease linked to sugary drink consumption 149 the university of colorado boulder campus was granted a one year exemption from the tax as school officials survey what types of drinks students wish to have 150 cook county illinois edit a one cent per ounce soda tax passed on 10 november 2016 151 the campaign to introduce the tax was heavily funded by mike bloomberg 152 the tax went into effect on 2 august due to a conflict with the supplemental nutrition assistance program this soda tax did not apply to any soda purchases made with food stamps which were used by over 870 000 people 152 153 on 10 october 2017 the board of commissioners voted to repeal the tax in a 15 1 vote the tax stayed in effect up until 1 december 154 the tax was unpopular and seen as an attempt to plug the county s 1 8 billion budget deficit rather than a public health measure 152 navajo nation edit in addition to the general sales tax 6 percent as of july 1 2018 the navajo nation levies a special junk food tax on applicable junk food items the junk food tax rate is 2 percent and applies to sales of sweetened beverages 155 better source needed philadelphia pennsylvania edit philadelphia mayor jim kenney initially proposed a citywide soda tax that would raise the price of soda at three cents per fluid ounce 1 0 l which would have been the highest soda tax rate in the united states kenney promoted using tax revenue to fund universal pre k jobs and development projects while reducing sugar intake 156 the american beverage association aba spent 10 6 million in 2016 in its effort against the tax 157 158 the american medical association american heart association and other medical and public health groups supported the tax 159 the philadelphia city council approved a 1 5 cent per us fluid ounce 50 72 l tax on 16 june 2016 effective on 1 january 2017 160 a 2017 study found that philadelphia s tax has decreased sugary beverage consumption in impoverished youth by 1 3 drinks week 161 langellier et al also found that when paired with the pre k program attendance increases significantly a finding that is likely to have longer term positive effects than a sugary drink tax alone 161 a 2019 study which has yet to be peer reviewed of the 1 5 cent per us fluid ounce 50 72 l tax in philadelphia found purchases of the affected beverages which included diet beverages dropped 20 after some residents bought more in other jurisdictions 143 seattle washington edit on 5 june 2017 seattle s city council voted 7 1 to pass a 1 75 cents per us fluid ounce 59 l tax on sugary drinks with implementation beginning on 1 january 2018 162 the final tax includes sugar sweetened sodas juice drinks with sugar added and some but not all coffee products containing sugar during the drafting process the city s powerful specialty coffee industry lobbied for the limitations on which coffee drinks were subject to the tax and the city council debated also taxing artificially sweetened sodas on grounds of racial and economic equity 163 seattle collected over 17 million in the first nine months of the tax against a pre implementation annual estimate of 15 million a year the price increase on taxed beverages has mostly been passed on to consumers 164 post implementation studies conducted by the city auditor university of washington and university of illinois chicago have shown a roughly 20 decrease in the sales of taxed beverages 165 as well as a small decrease in youth body mass index and its rate of change relative to areas outside the city 166 in 2018 washington state voters approved initiative 1634 which bans new taxes on grocery items such as sugary drinks blocking other washington cities from adding a sugary drink tax funding for the yes on 1634 campaign included over 20 million from major beverage producers 167 scientific studies edit 2015 emails revealed that funding by coca cola for scientific studies sought to influence research to be more favorable to their business interests 168 a 2016 meta analysis found that research funded by soda companies was 34 times more likely to find that soda has no significant health impacts on obesity or diabetes 169 individual studies edit this section contains an excessive amount of intricate detail specifically consider replacing with relatively recent meta analyses please help improve it by spinning off or relocating relevant information and removing excessive detail that goes against wikipedia s inclusion policy may 2024 learn how and when to remove this message taxing soda can lead to a reduction in overall consumption according to a scientific study published in the archives of internal medicine in march 2010 the study found that a 10 percent tax on soda led to a 7 percent reduction in calories from soft drinks these researchers believe that an 18 percent tax on these foods could cut daily intake by 56 calories per person resulting in a weight loss of 5 pounds 2 3 kg per person per year the study followed 5 115 young adults ages 18 to 30 from 1985 to 2006 170 171 a 2010 study published in the medical journal health affairs found that if taxes were about 18 cents on the dollar they would make a significant difference in consumption 172 173 research from duke university and the national university of singapore released in december 2010 tested larger taxes and determined that a 20 percent and 40 percent taxes on sugar sweetened beverages would largely not affect calorie intake because people switch to untaxed but equally caloric beverages kelly brownell a proponent of soda taxes reacted by stating that t he fact is that nobody has been able to see how people will really respond under these conditions 174 similarly a 2010 study concluded that while people would drink less soda as a result of a soda tax they would also compensate for this reduction by switching to other high calorie beverages 175 in response to these arguments the american public health association released a statement in 2012 in which they argued that even if individuals switch to 100 juice or chocolate milk this would be an improvement as those beverages contribute some nutrients to the diet 176 a 2011 study in the journal preventive medicine concluded that a modest tax on sugar sweetened beverages could both raise significant revenues and improve public health by reducing obesity 177 it has been used by the rudd center for food policy and obesity at yale to estimate revenue from a soda tax depending on the state year and tax rate 178 a 2012 study by y claire wang also in the journ...
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