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web of stories v t e laureates of the wolf prize in physics 1970s chien shiung wu 1978 george uhlenbeck giuseppe occhialini 1979 1980s michael fisher leo kadanoff kenneth g wilson 1980 freeman dyson gerardus t hooft victor weisskopf 1981 leon m lederman martin lewis perl 1982 erwin hahn peter hirsch theodore maiman 1983 84 conyers herring philippe nozières 1984 85 mitchell feigenbaum albert j libchaber 1986 herbert friedman bruno rossi riccardo giacconi 1987 roger penrose stephen hawking 1988 1990s pierre gilles de gennes david j thouless 1990 maurice goldhaber valentine telegdi 1991 joseph h taylor jr 1992 benoît mandelbrot 1993 vitaly ginzburg yoichiro nambu 1994 95 john wheeler 1996 97 yakir aharonov michael berry 1998 dan shechtman 1999 2000s raymond davis jr masatoshi koshiba 2000 bertrand halperin anthony leggett 2002 03 robert brout françois englert peter higgs 2004 daniel kleppner 2005 albert fert peter grünberg 2006 07 2010s john f clauser alain aspect anton zeilinger 2010 maximilian haider harald rose knut urban 2011 jacob bekenstein 2012 peter zoller juan ignacio cirac 2013 james d bjorken robert p kirshner 2015 yoseph imry 2016 michel mayor didier queloz 2017 charles h bennett gilles brassard 2018 2020s rafi bistritzer pablo jarillo herrero allan h macdonald 2020 giorgio parisi 2021 anne l huillier paul corkum ferenc krausz 2022 martin rees 2024 jainendra k jain mordehai heiblum james p eisenstein 2025 agriculture arts chemistry mathematics medicine physics v t e laureates of the united states national medal of science behavioral and social science 1960s 1964 neal elgar miller 1980s 1986 herbert a simon 1987 anne anastasi george j stigler 1988 milton friedman 1990s 1990 leonid hurwicz patrick suppes 1991 george a miller 1992 eleanor j gibson 1994 robert k merton 1995 roger n shepard 1996 paul samuelson 1997 william k estes 1998 william julius wilson 1999 robert m solow 2000s 2000 gary becker 2003 r duncan luce 2004 kenneth arrow 2005 gordon h bower 2008 michael i posner 2009 mortimer mishkin 2010s 2011 anne treisman 2014 robert axelrod 2015 albert bandura 2020s 2023 huda akil shelley e taylor 2025 larry bartels biological sciences 1960s 1963 c b van niel 1964 theodosius dobzhansky marshall w nirenberg 1965 francis p rous george g simpson donald d van slyke 1966 edward f knipling fritz albert lipmann william c rose sewall wright 1967 kenneth s cole harry f harlow michael heidelberger alfred h sturtevant 1968 horace barker bernard b brodie detlev w bronk jay lush burrhus frederic skinner 1969 robert huebner ernst mayr 1970s 1970 barbara mcclintock albert b sabin 1973 daniel i arnon earl w sutherland jr 1974 britton chance erwin chargaff james v neel james augustine shannon 1975 hallowell davis paul gyorgy sterling b hendricks orville alvin vogel 1976 roger guillemin keith roberts porter efraim racker e o wilson 1979 robert h burris elizabeth c crosby arthur kornberg severo ochoa earl reece stadtman george ledyard stebbins paul alfred weiss 1980s 1981 philip handler 1982 seymour benzer glenn w burton mildred cohn 1983 howard l bachrach paul berg wendell l roelofs berta scharrer 1986 stanley cohen donald a henderson vernon b mountcastle george emil palade joan a steitz 1987 michael e debakey theodor o diener harry eagle har gobind khorana rita levi montalcini 1988 michael s brown stanley norman cohen joseph l goldstein maurice r hilleman eric r kandel rosalyn sussman yalow 1989 katherine esau viktor hamburger philip leder joshua lederberg roger w sperry harland g wood 1990s 1990 baruj benacerraf herbert w boyer daniel e koshland jr edward b lewis david g nathan e donnall thomas 1991 mary ellen avery g evelyn hutchinson elvin a kabat robert w kates salvador luria paul a marks folke k skoog paul c zamecnik 1992 maxine singer howard martin temin 1993 daniel nathans salome g waelsch 1994 thomas eisner elizabeth f neufeld 1995 alexander rich 1996 ruth patrick 1997 james watson robert a weinberg 1998 bruce ames janet rowley 1999 david baltimore jared diamond lynn margulis 2000s 2000 nancy c andreasen peter h raven carl woese 2001 francisco j ayala george f bass mario r capecchi ann graybiel gene e likens victor a mckusick harold varmus 2002 james e darnell evelyn m witkin 2003 j michael bishop solomon h snyder charles yanofsky 2004 norman e borlaug phillip a sharp thomas e starzl 2005 anthony fauci torsten n wiesel 2006 rita r colwell nina fedoroff lubert stryer 2007 robert j lefkowitz bert w o malley 2008 francis s collins elaine fuchs j craig venter 2009 susan l lindquist stanley b prusiner 2010s 2010 ralph l brinster rudolf jaenisch 2011 lucy shapiro leroy hood sallie chisholm 2012 may berenbaum bruce alberts 2013 rakesh k jain 2014 stanley falkow mary claire king simon levin 2020s 2023 gebisa ejeta eve marder gregory petsko sheldon weinbaum 2025 bonnie bassler angela belcher helen blau emery n brown g david tilman teresa woodruff chemistry 1960s 1964 roger adams 1980s 1982 f albert cotton gilbert stork 1983 roald hoffmann george c pimentel richard n zare 1986 harry b gray yuan tseh lee carl s marvel frank h westheimer 1987 william s johnson walter h stockmayer max tishler 1988 william o baker konrad e bloch elias j corey 1989 richard b bernstein melvin calvin rudolph a marcus harden m mcconnell 1990s 1990 elkan blout karl folkers john d roberts 1991 ronald breslow gertrude b elion dudley r herschbach glenn t seaborg 1992 howard e simmons jr 1993 donald j cram norman hackerman 1994 george s hammond 1995 thomas cech isabella l karle 1996 norman davidson 1997 darleane c hoffman harold s johnston 1998 john w cahn george m whitesides 1999 stuart a rice john ross susan solomon 2000s 2000 john d baldeschwieler ralph f hirschmann 2001 ernest r davidson gábor a somorjai 2002 john i brauman 2004 stephen j lippard 2005 tobin j marks 2006 marvin h caruthers peter b dervan 2007 mostafa a el sayed 2008 joanna fowler joanne stubbe 2009 stephen j benkovic marye anne fox 2010s 2010 jacqueline k barton peter j stang 2011 allen j bard m frederick hawthorne 2012 judith p klinman jerrold meinwald 2013 geraldine l richmond 2014 a paul alivisatos 2025 r lawrence edwards engineering sciences 1960s 1962 theodore von kármán 1963 vannevar bush john robinson pierce 1964 charles s draper othmar h ammann 1965 hugh l dryden clarence l johnson warren k lewis 1966 claude e shannon 1967 edwin h land igor i sikorsky 1968 j presper eckert nathan m newmark 1969 jack st clair kilby 1970s 1970 george e mueller 1973 harold e edgerton richard t whitcomb 1974 rudolf kompfner ralph brazelton peck abel wolman 1975 manson benedict william hayward pickering frederick e terman wernher von braun 1976 morris cohen peter c goldmark erwin wilhelm müller 1979 emmett n leith raymond d mindlin robert n noyce earl r parker simon ramo 1980s 1982 edward h heinemann donald l katz 1983 bill hewlett george low john g trump 1986 hans wolfgang liepmann tung yen lin bernard m oliver 1987 robert byron bird h bolton seed ernst weber 1988 daniel c drucker willis m hawkins george w housner 1989 harry george drickamer herbert e grier 1990s 1990 mildred dresselhaus nick holonyak jr 1991 george h heilmeier luna b leopold h guyford stever 1992 calvin f quate john roy whinnery 1993 alfred y cho 1994 ray w clough 1995 hermann a haus 1996 james l flanagan c kumar n patel 1998 eli ruckenstein 1999 kenneth n stevens 2000s 2000 yuan cheng b fung 2001 andreas acrivos 2002 leo beranek 2003 john m prausnitz 2004 edwin n lightfoot 2005 jan d achenbach 2006 robert s langer 2007 david j wineland 2008 rudolf e kálmán 2009 amnon yariv 2010s 2010 shu chien 2011 john b goodenough 2012 thomas kailath 2020s 2023 subra suresh 2025 john dabiri mathematical statistical and computer sciences 1960s 1963 norbert wiener 1964 solomon lefschetz h marston morse 1965 oscar zariski 1966 john milnor 1967 paul cohen 1968 jerzy neyman 1969 william feller 1970s 1970 richard brauer 1973 john tukey 1974 kurt gödel 1975 john w backus shiing shen chern george dantzig 1976 kurt otto friedrichs hassler whitney 1979 joseph l doob donald e knuth 1980s 1982 marshall h stone 1983 herman goldstine isadore singer 1986 peter lax antoni zygmund 1987 raoul bott michael freedman 1988 ralph e gomory joseph b keller 1989 samuel karlin saunders mac lane donald c spencer 1990s 1990 george f carrier stephen cole kleene john mccarthy 1991 alberto calderón 1992 allen newell 1993 martin david kruskal 1994 john cocke 1995 louis nirenberg 1996 richard karp stephen smale 1997 shing tung yau 1998 cathleen synge morawetz 1999 felix browder ronald r coifman 2000s 2000 john griggs thompson karen uhlenbeck 2001 calyampudi r rao elias m stein 2002 james g glimm 2003 carl r de boor 2004 dennis p sullivan 2005 bradley efron 2006 hyman bass 2007 leonard kleinrock andrew j viterbi 2009 david b mumford 2010s 2010 richard a tapia s r srinivasa varadhan 2011 solomon w golomb barry mazur 2012 alexandre chorin david blackwell 2013 michael artin 2020s 2025 ingrid daubechies cynthia dwork physical sciences 1960s 1963 luis w alvarez 1964 julian schwinger harold urey robert burns woodward 1965 john bardeen peter debye leon m lederman william rubey 1966 jacob bjerknes subrahmanyan chandrasekhar henry eyring john h van vleck vladimir k zworykin 1967 jesse beams francis birch gregory breit louis hammett george kistiakowsky 1968 paul bartlett herbert friedman lars onsager eugene wigner 1969 herbert c brown wolfgang panofsky 1970s 1970 robert h dicke allan r sandage john c slater john a wheeler saul winstein 1973 carl djerassi maurice ewing arie jan haagen smit vladimir haensel frederick seitz robert rathbun wilson 1974 nicolaas bloembergen paul flory william alfred fowler linus carl pauling kenneth sanborn pitzer 1975 hans a bethe joseph o hirschfelder lewis sarett edgar bright wilson chien shiung wu 1976 samuel goudsmit herbert s gutowsky frederick rossini verner suomi henry taube george uhlenbeck 1979 richard p feynman herman mark edward m purcell john sinfelt lyman spitzer victor f weisskopf 1980s 1982 philip w anderson yoichiro nambu edward teller charles h townes 1983 e margaret burbidge maurice goldhaber helmut landsberg walter munk frederick reines bruno b rossi j robert schrieffer 1986 solomon j buchsbaum h richard crane herman feshbach robert hofstadter chen ning yang 1987 philip abelson walter elsasser paul c lauterbur george pake james a van allen 1988 d allan bromley paul ching wu chu walter kohn norman foster ramsey jr jack steinberger 1989 arnold o beckman eugene parker robert sharp henry stommel 1990s 1990 allan m cormack edwin m mcmillan robert pound roger revelle 1991 arthur l schawlow ed stone steven weinberg 1992 eugene m shoemaker 1993 val fitch vera rubin 1994 albert overhauser frank press 1995 hans dehmelt peter goldreich 1996 wallace s broecker 1997 marshall rosenbluth martin schwarzschild george wetherill 1998 don l anderson john n bahcall 1999 james cronin leo kadanoff 2000s 2000 willis e lamb jeremiah p ostriker gilbert f white 2001 marvin l cohen raymond davis jr charles keeling 2002 richard garwin w jason morgan edward witten 2003 g brent dalrymple riccardo giacconi 2004 robert n clayton 2005 ralph a alpher lonnie thompson 2006 daniel kleppner 2007 fay ajzenberg selove charles p slichter 2008 berni alder james e gunn 2009 yakir aharonov esther m conwell warren m washington 2010s 2011 sidney drell sandra faber sylvester james gates 2012 burton richter sean c solomon 2014 shirley ann jackson 2020s 2023 barry barish myriam sarachik 2025 richard alley wendy freedman keivan stassun v t e presidents of the american physical society 1899 1925 henry augustus rowland 1899 albert a michelson 1901 arthur gordon webster 1903 carl barus 1905 edward leamington nichols 1907 henry crew 1909 william francis magie 1911 benjamin osgood peirce 1913 ernest merritt 1914 robert andrews millikan 1916 henry a bumstead 1918 joseph sweetman ames 1919 theodore lyman 1921 thomas corwin mendenhall 1923 dayton miller 1925 1926 1950 karl taylor compton 1927 henry gale 1929 william francis gray swann 1931 paul d foote 1933 arthur compton 1934 robert w wood 1935 floyd k richtmyer 1936 harrison m randall 1937 lyman james briggs 1938 john torrence tate sr 1939 john zeleny 1940 george b pegram 1941 george stewart 1941 percy williams bridgman 1942 albert w hull 1943 arthur jeffrey dempster 1944 harvey fletcher 1945 edward condon 1946 lee alvin dubridge 1947 j robert oppenheimer 1948 francis wheeler loomis 1949 isidor isaac rabi 1950 1951 1975 charles christian lauritsen 1951 john hasbrouck van vleck 1952 enrico fermi 1953 h bethe 1954 raymond thayer birge 1955 e wigner 1956 henry dewolf smyth 1957 jesse beams 1958 george uhlenbeck 1959 victor weisskopf 1960 frederick seitz 1961 william v houston 1962 john harry williams 1963 robert bacher 1964 felix bloch 1965 john archibald wheeler 1966 charles h townes 1967 john bardeen 1968 luis walter alvarez 1969 edward mills purcell 1970 robert serber 1971 philip m morse 1972 joseph edward mayer 1973 pief panofsky 1974 chien shiung wu 1975 1976 2000 william a fowler 1976 george pake 1977 norman foster ramsey jr 1978 lewis m branscomb 1979 herman feshbach 1980 arthur leonard schawlow 1981 maurice goldhaber 1982 robert marshak 1983 mildred dresselhaus 1984 robert r wilson 1985 sidney drell 1986 val logsdon fitch 1987 james a krumhansl 1989 eugen merzbacher 1990 nicolaas bloembergen 1991 ernest m henley 1992 donald n langenberg 1993 burton richter 1994 c kumar patel 1995 j r schrieffer 1996 d allan bromley 1997 andrew sessler 1998 jerome isaac friedman 1999 james s langer 2000 2001 george trilling 2001 william f brinkman 2002 myriam sarachik 2003 helen quinn 2004 marvin l cohen 2005 john hopfield 2006 leo kadanoff 2007 arthur bienenstock 2008 cherry a murray 2009 curtis callan 2010 barry barish 2011 robert l byer 2012 michael s turner 2013 malcolm r beasley 2014 sam aronson 2015 homer neal 2016 laura greene 2017 roger falcone 2018 david gross 2019 philip h bucksbaum 2020 sylvester james gates jr 2021 frances hellman 2022 robert rosner 2023 v t e fellows of the royal society elected in 1995 fellows martin a bennett iain campbell johnson cann keith chater ed corrigan e brian davies graham dixon lewis richard ellis graham farquhar jeffrey harborne julia higgins jonathan charles howard antony jameson jack henri kaplan gurdev khush anthony ledwith frank matthews leslie robin marshall christopher john marshall paul mason david miller richard alan north tim pedley geoffrey james pert keith peters jeremy david pickett heaps richard j roberts joseph rotblat jeremy sanders robert malcolm simmons ian william murison smith peter sneath laszlo solymar roger tayler richard taylor shirley m tilghman john e walker stephen c west colin windsor andrew wyllie foreign ugo fano gertrude b elion salome gluecksohn waelsch rita levi montalcini calvin quate john archibald wheeler v t e manhattan project timeline sites ames berkeley chicago site a dayton h...
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