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owed attacks on the directory to be made with impunity the club de clichy of which vaublanc was a prominent member began to control the two councils and directly threatened the directory he was appointed to their committee of inspectors and given the rôle of policing the councils and maintaining their security from within as a result he had the power to give orders to the councils brigadiers the directory cornered counterattacked with the 80 000 strong army of sambre et meuse which approached paris under the command of hoche at the same time vaublanc pleaded for and obtained from the council an order dissolving all clubs including those of the jacobins on 16 july 1797 under pressure from the councils the three republican directors barras reubell and la reveillière lépeaux ordered a ministerial reshuffle disadvantaging the royalists on 3 september vaublanc with his colleague admiral louis thomas villaret de joyeuse and other clichiens was a hair s breadth from achieving a coup d état against the triumvirate of republican directors their plan which convinced the director lazare nicolas marguerite carnot was simple vaublanc was charged with delivering a speech on 4 september before the council of 500 which would demand the impeachment of the triumvirate meanwhile general pichegru who had been persuaded by carnot to join the conspiracy at the head of the legislature s guard would come to arrest the directors 19 unfortunately for him general bonaparte then head of the armée d italie intercepted a royalist agent louis alexandre de launay comte d antraigues in possession of documents revealing the conspiracy and the treason of pichegru he sent general pierre augereau and his army to paris where the general advertised the treason with posters in the streets the principal conspirators were either arrested and deported to guyana like pichegru and barthélémy or forced to flee like carnot and vaublanc the latter managed to escape the city limits of paris which was then still in a state of siege by hiding in a carriage this escape was achieved through the connivance of rochambeau vaublanc made it to italy with the help of various disguises on his way he passed through switzerland where he stayed with his friend pastoret 19 main article french directory 18 fructidor under napoleon edit the coup d état of 18 brumaire viii 10 november 1799 and the accession to power of the consulat which gave amnesty to the proscribed permitted him to return to france where he was presented to bonaparte deputy to the corps législatif 1800 1805 edit bonaparte first consul in a painting by ingres in 1800 vaublanc was elected by the conservative senate to be deputy for calvados one of 300 members of the legislature corps législatif and to fulfil the duties of questeur for a five year term among those duties was that of issuing regular reports on the consulate for the rest of his life the admiration and respect which he felt towards napoleon for having reestablished order in france and put an end to the persecution of priests can be seen in several of his speeches at this time for example that of 24 floréal x to the consuls in his capacity as deputy to the legislature a speech which is flattering to the first consul or that of 24 nivôse xiii 13 january 1805 this time delivered before napoléon i who had in the meantime become empereur des français when together with jean pierre louis de fontanes acting president of the legislature vaublanc attended the inauguration of a marble statue of the emperor in the hall of the legislature which had been commissioned to honour the father of the civil code he was president of the legislature from 21 april to 7 may 1803 on 4 november 1804 pope pius vii stayed the night at vaublanc s house in montargis 28 rue de loing while travelling to paris for the coronation of the emperor prefect of moselle 1805 1814 edit at the end of his term as deputy in 1805 the electoral college of seine et marne put him up as a candidate for the senate but he was not retained interested by the administrative and territorial reorganisations that were taking place he managed to obtain a prefecture and on 1 february 1805 at metz he was named préfet de la moselle prefect or chief administrator of the département of moselle he became known for his activism and for his habit of roaming his département on horseback and not by stagecoach as was customary for prefects napoleon rewarded him for his zeal he was made commander of the légion d honneur knighted on 28 november 1809 made baron d empire on 19 december 1809 a hereditary title and was bestowed on 17 july 1810 with a majorat in hannover in june of that year he had an audience with the emperor at the time of his passage through metz during which according to the third volume of his memoirs he strongly objected to the idea of a campaign against russia during the campaign of 1813 after the withdrawal of the mainz army from leipzig a large number of wounded soldiers took refuge in metz resulting in a typhoid epidemic of which vaublanc fell victim he escaped death narrowly in 1814 he opened the gates of metz to welcome the coalition forces under louis xviii edit for the first restoration and against the hundred days 1814 1815 edit maintained as prefect of moselle after the first restoration he was made an officier of the legion of honour on 23 august 1814 after the return of napoleon he kept metz loyal to louis xviii and with marshal oudinot the military governor of metz he attempted to hinder any bonapartist rallies an ordre d arrestation published by marshal davout in le moniteur universel forced him to flee towards luxembourg joining louis xviii at ghent it is said that on meeting the officer assigned to arrest him he said do not worry about me better worry about your own self no one must see you leaving by the large courtyard and led him to a side exit before galloping away on his horse on his arrival he encountered chateaubriand who mentions him in his mémoires d outre tombe m de vaublanc and m capelle joined us the former said he had everything he could possibly need in his portfolio you want montesquieu here you go bossuet there you are 20 he submitted to the king via the comte d artois several essays on the state of the country and predicted that his majesty would be on his way back to paris in two months or less after the second restoration in order to thank him for his loyalty louis xviii named him state councillor on the spot and on 27 december 1815 grand officer of the legion of honour in july he sent him to marseille to be prefect of bouches du rhône and to liberate five to six hundred bonapartist prisoners a surprising act which was appropriate under the circumstances marseille being under english control and convulsed by anti bonapartist violence ultra royalist minister of the interior 1815 1816 edit wishing to live down his bonapartist past while minister of the interior he removed the letter n from the bridges of paris main article ultra royalist on 26 september 1815 thanks largely to the support of his friend the comte d artois the king named him minister of the interior and of public instruction the new president of the council the duc de richelieu who had been forced to nominate him had a ruling on his nomination suspended but he was not quick enough and on hearing the good news vaublanc wasted no time in establishing himself firmly in his new ministry this nomination demonstrates the influence that the comte d artois exercised over the governments of his brother he kept a rival court at the marsan pavilion and sought to restore absolutism by rolling back the innovations that had been ushered in by the revolution rudolf von thadden a contemporary german historian summed up the comments of martignac on 2 april 1829 by saying that his nomination was due more to his background than to his talents breathless devotion edit vaublanc at the head of his ministry engaged immediately in counter revolutionary activity that was so frenetic that even the king was to be describe it as breathless devotion on the tabling by the keeper of the seals of a law that would reestablish cours prévôtales or special courts before the chamber of deputies nicknamed the chambre introuvable vaublanc shouted out france wants its king to great applause both the deputies and the public gallery rose to their feet and repeated yes france wants its king on 2 october 1815 one of his first measures was to send out a circular to all the departmental prefects informing them of their priorities in this troubled time the very first priority should be given to the maintenance of order true vigilance foresees disorderliness and renders the use of force unnecessary he used his powers to lock down the prefectural system to the advantage of the royalists by transferring or sacking twenty two prefects by the end of his incumbency not one prefect even slightly implicated in the events of the hundred days was still in office on 18 november he signed a statute that replaced the general staff of the national guard with a committee of three inspectors general who were the members of the council of the colonel general none other than the comte d artois the statute also removed the right of the other ministers to review any nominations to these positions this permitted the ultras to infiltrate the organisation more easily by a statute of 13 january 1816 he shortened the terms of mayors and deputy mayors by two years vaublanc explained this measure to a prefect thus by accelerating the turn over of mayors and deputy mayors you must get those people out of the way who without a formal recall would continue in a station to which they appear ill suited the institut de france of which the académie française forms part in countersigning the statute of 21 march 1816 he aided the controversial reorganisation of the institut de france perhaps persuaded by a letter from jean baptiste antoine suard secretary in perpetuity of the académie française i can never tire of repeating that there is manifest in this institute a remnant of the revolutionary spirit whose influence must urgently be quelled by wise foresight working through statutes which you shall put into effect this statute gave him the direct power to name nine of the eleven academicians this radical submission of academia to royal benevolence met a mixed reception in particular the liberals reproached him for replacing the poet antoine vincent arnault with the duc de richelieu pierre louis roederer with the duc de lévis and charles guillaume etienne with the comte choiseul gouffier the new académiciens had no significant literary achievements this affair earned him the nickname maupeou de la littérature throughout this time of purging he proposed the creation of a ministry of fine arts for chateaubriand but this idea was turned down by the duc de richelieu on 6 april 1816 vaublanc was elected membre libre of the academy of fine arts from which he had ousted the painter jacques louis david fall from grace edit in his capacity as minister of the interior he had to draft a new electoral law vaublanc proposed without much enthusiasm and with the precedent of article 37 from the charter of 1814 an annual re election of one fifth of the chamber according to a two tier system aimed at keeping the chamber in royalist hands this proposal was rejected by the chamber of deputies on 3 april 1816 by 89 votes to 57 hoping to stay in power as long as possible the chamber tabled a counter proposal involving a general election every five years which in turn was rejected by the government as a result of the impasse france briefly had no electoral law on 10 april 1816 to a full house the police minister decazes heckled him you are nothing more than the minister of the comte d artois and you want to be more powerful than the ministers of the king vaublanc responded scathingly if i were more powerful than you i would make full use of those powers to have you charged with high treason for you are m decazes indeed a traitor both to king and country on 13 april 1816 he aided the expulsion of some students from the polytechnic perpetrators of disturbances and indiscipline the majority in fact being bonapartists who were being expelled for political reasons france s allies still present in the country became uneasy about the dissensions within the french government the russian ambassador a corsican named carlo andrea pozzo di borgo went so far as to blame vaublanc for a large part of it one of the principal sources of the disorder has been the heterogeneous composition of the ministry the defection of that of the interior has greatly weakened the authority and the influence of the crown on the chambers the battle of personalities within the ministry of the interior vaublanc versus richelieu and decazes the tight links between vaublanc and the future charles x the hysterical outburst of 10 april and vaublanc s report to the king in which he absurdly insisted on the indispensability of a firmer and more resolute pace all led to his downfall richelieu demanded that the king dismiss vaublanc threatening to resign if he did not the king finally acquiesced and when he asked for the statute so he could countersign it the episode according to the account of louis mathieu molé descended into farce 21 replaced by joseph louis joachim lainé shortly after the failure of his plans for electoral reform he left on 8 may 1816 the same day as the minister of justice françois barbé marbois who had been sacked at the insistence of the comte d artois in a tit for tat deal the king recompensed vaublanc with the titles of state minister and member of the privy council deputy of the chamber 1820 1827 and afterwards edit on 13 november 1820 he was elected to the chamber as deputy for calvados he was re elected on 10 october 1821 became a vice president of the chamber during the 1822 session was re elected again on 6 march 1824 but lost in 1827 he was at the same time selected to be deputy for guadeloupe where he was the co proprietor of a sugar plantation in the parish of basse terre in this capacity he recommended several changes in the judiciary and in the administration of the colonies including the construction of storehouses with two of his colleagues in the chamber comte de la breteche and baron de vitrolles he oversaw some ultra royalist periodicals starting with la quotidienne and le drapeau blanc in january 1823 he came out in favour of the spanish expedition and was named a member of the board of inquiry presided over by marshal étienne macdonald he had just been reappointed to the state council on 25 july with the written promise of a peerage when the statues of july 1830 deposed charles x he retired from public life after the accession of louis philippe i and worked on his memoirs until his sight failed he died at the age of eighty nine on 21 august 1845 in paris at his house on the rue du bac notes edit made a baro...
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