Meta tags:
Headings (most frequently used words):
united, marine, protected, the, area, efforts, and, national, global, africa, ocean, sea, kingdom, british, overseas, territories, of, contents, terminology, history, classifications, stressors, economics, management, international, regional, assessment, misconceptions, criticism, see, also, references, external, links, networks, future, approaches, goals, treaties, targets, greater, caribbean, asia, latin, america, pacific, indian, mediterranean, states, areas, as, percentage, territorial, waters, coral, reefs, fish, success, criteria, land, use, right, climate, change, displaced, fishing, effort, other, critiques, sources, nations, convention, on, law, antarctic, treaty, system, south, china, philippines,
Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (562), marine (329), and (294), #protected (181), areas (148), area (101), for (89), mpas (79), retrieved (76), conservation (65), are (65), ocean (61), #national (56), with (55), from (55), that (49), edit (49), data (47), world (44), protection (44), fisheries (42), fishing (42), mpa (41), fish (37), united (37), 2020 (36), sea (35), 2012 (32), islands (32), such (32), global (31), doi (31), reserve (29), convention (29), coral (28), original (28), can (28), 000 (28), use (27), 2021 (27), archived (27), biodiversity (26), system (25), 2016 (25), this (24), resources (24), south (24), pdf (24), 2010 (24), have (24), other (24), environment (23), bibcode (23), network (23), science (22), international (22), which (22), development (22), may (21), change (21), management (21), issn (21), waters (21), 2015 (21), 2019 (20), species (20), zones (20), networks (20), climate (19), nations (19), take (19), these (19), all (18), coastal (18), economic (18), zone (18), protect (18), some (18), established (18), square (18), was (17), org (17), regional (17), nature (17), states (17), 2018 (17), march (17), its (17), reefs (16), reef (16), africa (16), 2008 (16), largest (16), pacific (16), iucn (16), new (16), oceans (16), 2023 (15), sustainable (15), parks (15), has (15), their (15), large (14), government (14), within (14), effective (14), one (14), antarctic (14), been (14), kilometres (14), reserves (13), around (13), framework (13), 2022 (13), island (13), china (13), goal (13), park (13), region (13), about (12), under (12), october (12), law (12), ecosystem (12), exclusive (12), information (12), 2017 (12), through (12), 2011 (12), targets (12), territorial (12), mediterranean (12), also (12), include (12), most (12), local (12), june (11), articles (11), september (11), ecological (11), life (11), kingdom (11), australia (11), only (11), s2cid (11), managed (11), www (11), between (11), land (11), natural (11), part (11), will (11), countries (11), policy (10), biological (10), ecosystems (10), diversity (10), including (10), than (10), british (10), indian (10), philippines (10), two (10), there (10), activities (10), eez (10), million (10), but (10), those (10), terms (9), list (9), water (9), more (9), seas (9), environmental (9), scientists (9), pmid (9), cultural (9), goals (9), create (9), they (9), great (9), republic (9), action (9), commission (9), creation (9), example (9), systems (9), toggle (8), wikipedia (8), february (8), links (8), ecology (8), fishery (8), related (8), monitoring (8), effort (8), canada (8), unep (8), many (8), years (8), 2024 (8), when (8), defined (8), gov (8), chagos (8), plan (8), mexico (8), governance (8), ccamlr (8), monument (8), them (8), see (8), another (8), central (8), efforts (8), establish (8), like (8), categories (7), multiple (7), habitats (7), communities (7), oceanic (7), sanctuary (7), individual (7), current (7), population (7), union (7), 2003 (7), scientific (7), wells (7), 1016 (7), benefits (7), april (7), human (7), overseas (7), january (7), become (7), off (7), strategy (7), special (7), move (7), regulations (7), however (7), state (7), both (7), surrounding (7), levels (7), based (7), needed (7), caribbean (7), rep (7), covering (7), specific (7), tourism (7), where (7), long (6), dead (6), catch (6), future (6), impact (6), via (6), 978 (6), first (6), 2009 (6), review (6), benefit (6), july (6), into (6), john (6), term (6), david (6), 2030 (6), net (6), ascension (6), august (6), single (6), article (6), towards (6), living (6), decision (6), proposed (6), resource (6), less (6), nearby (6), sites (6), support (6), while (6), 100 (6), north (6), indonesia (6), territories (6), exploitation (6), allow (6), america (6), any (6), main (6), agreed (6), terrestrial (6), subsection (6), search (5), additional (5), commons (5), page (5), link (5), value (5), references (5), external (5), wildlife (5), biology (5), common (5), size (5), hawaii (5), california (5), programme (5), isbn (5), progress (5), fishermen (5), gulf (5), 2013 (5), means (5), 1126 (5), zhang (5), guardian (5), territory (5), announced (5), blue (5), protecting (5), report (5), man (5), cbd (5), papahānaumokuākea (5), biosphere (5), noaa (5), services (5), highly (5), range (5), lakes (5), not (5), changes (5), due (5), zealand (5), research (5), used (5), were (5), tools (5), citation (5), belize (5), country (5), very (5), found (5), features (5), over (5), cook (5), regions (5), smpas (5), greater (5), ecologically (5), representative (5), establishment (5), treaty (5), history (5), contents (4), legal (4), using (4), site (4), foundation (4), cs1 (4), pollution (4), intertidal (4), estuaries (4), bay (4), wild (4), deep (4), shark (4), our (4), service (4), european (4), agency (4), turtle (4), bycatch (4), populations (4), practices (4), overfishing (4), share (4), habitat (4), level (4), tag (4), analysis (4), assessment (4), italy (4), center (4), variety (4), 2007 (4), australian (4), indigenous (4), american (4), underwater (4), evaluation (4), study (4), well (4), needs (4), planning (4), 2002 (4), impacts (4), frontiers (4), address (4), misconceptions (4), achieve (4), associated (4), 2004 (4), 2006 (4), 301 (4), gill (4), guide (4), deal (4), get (4), map (4), atmospheric (4), administration (4), november (4), western (4), barrier (4), seychelles (4), kenya (4), need (4), best (4), ireland (4), chile (4), southern (4), meet (4), vii (4), who (4), approaches (4), december (4), mpatlas (4), importance (4), portal (4), displaced (4), total (4), distribution (4), increase (4), surface (4), set (4), percentage (4), success (4), criteria (4), out (4), general (4), approximately (4), form (4), grounds (4), people (4), developed (4), guinea (4), france (4), following (4), make (4), half (4), number (4), would (4), heritage (4), marae (4), moana (4), prohibited (4), comprehensive (4), designed (4), designated (4), mnrs (4), reserved (4), includes (4), target (4), date (4), activity (4), encompassing (4), called (4), stressors (4), provide (4), hide (4), sidebar (4), table (3), mobile (3), view (3), text (3), wikimedia (3), category (3), wikidata (3), needing (3), source (3), https (3), index (3), values (3), issues (3), wetlands (3), forms (3), seafood (3), sustainability (3), council (3), case (3), important (3), maximum (3), limit (3), act (3), illegal (3), trophic (3), structure (3), satellite (3), gis (3), stock (3), scotland (3), nation (3), wcmc (3), tool (3), sources (3), department (3), diving (3), van (3), centre (3), 1111 (3), even (3), roberts (3), callum (3), philippe (3), lubchenco (3), jane (3), pmc (3), 114 (3), adaptation (3), elizabeth (3), richard (3), reveals (3), geographical (3), geographic (3), resilience (3), decline (3), sala (3), sarah (3), loss (3), james (3), 2296 (3), 7745 (3), 3389 (3), fmars (3), autonomous (3), hdl (3), becomes (3), bbc (3), pitcairn (3), created (3), joint (3), public (3), inside (3), conserve (3), red (3), wall (3), aims (3), supporting (3), legislation (3), establishing (3), marpol (3), assessing (3), beyond (3), christie (3), white (3), managing (3), isle (3), shelf (3), social (3), fishers (3), commonwealth (3), existing (3), goods (3), designs (3), evidence (3), what (3), spatial (3), groups (3), critiques (3), cost (3), higher (3), conflicts (3), managers (3), outside (3), fully (3), increased (3), recent (3), acidification (3), according (3), criticism (3), mandate (3), laws (3), jurisdictions (3), maintaining (3), four (3), result (3), occurs (3), spillover (3), commercial (3), expand (3), remote (3), techniques (3), could (3), miles (3), arab (3), tanzania (3), samoa (3), micronesia (3), marshall (3), cuba (3), bahamas (3), atlantic (3), covered (3), contiguous (3), several (3), larger (3), coastline (3), should (3), negotiations (3), located (3), further (3), together (3), unique (3), small (3), member (3), had (3), 2000 (3), kilometers (3), time (3), program (3), permanent (3), among (3), latin (3), 600 (3), prohibit (3), since (3), different (3), strict (3), asia (3), represented (3), 200 (3), proposal (3), parts (3), limited (3), after (3), protections (3), group (3), little (3), each (3), listed (3), ross (3), later (3), contribute (3), objectives (3), recommended (3), occupy (3), russia (3), intended (3), community (3), extraction (3), limits (3), restrictions (3), risk (3), certain (3), definition (3), maritime (3), historical (3), equivalent (3), languages (2), contact (2), privacy (2), agree (2), non (2), organization (2), attribution (2), pages (2), extension (2), clarification (2), unsourced (2), statements (2), url (2), 2025 (2), maint (2), names (2), authors (2), short (2), description (2), activism (2), hermione (2), mangrove (2), kelp (2), pelagic (2), mammal (2), larval (2), demersal (2), census (2), fall (2), upwelling (2), rule (2), process (2), fertilization (2), chemistry (2), snow (2), iron (2), hypothesis (2), threatened (2), rays (2), sharks (2), society (2), end (2), conservancy (2), stewardship (2), salmon (2), shrimp (2), cetacean (2), destructive (2), web (2), commercially (2), body (2), control (2), landing (2), stocks (2), agreement (2), run (2), ladder (2), eel (2), krill (2), databases (2), aquatic (2), cascades (2), pop (2), archival (2), acoustic (2), biomass (2), wide (2), alaska (2), hong (2), kong (2), online (2), hosted (2), planet (2), wdpa (2), institute (2), atlas (2), project (2), growing (2), smith (2), miller (2), proceedings (2), academy (2), sciences (2), overview (2), 807 (2), 2975 (2), thesis (2), does (2), displacement (2), wider (2), erm (2), philip (2), balmford (2), andrew (2), krueck (2), nils (2), holden (2), matthew (2), journal (2), applied (2), partially (2), overlap (2), 110049 (2), 1038 (2), 535 (2), mccauley (2), douglas (2), cury (2), carlos (2), pauly (2), daniel (2), sumaila (2), rashid (2), wilson (2), worm (2), boris (2), promote (2), potential (2), green (2), 1890 (2), amanda (2), pike (2), henson (2), stephanie (2), defines (2), clearly (2), space (2), recognised (2), dedicated (2), news (2), mora (2), costello (2), 312 (2), 5635 (2), 2003sci (2), grorud (2), colvert (2), kirsten (2), costa (2), laffoley (2), enric (2), friedlander (2), lester (2), ahmadia (2), gabby (2), ban (2), 373 (2), improving (2), birch (2), advances (2), patrick (2), 0261 (2), 3077 (2), cop15 (2), kunming (2), montreal (2), roman (2), ben (2), mathematical (2), 10613 (2), 2741 (2), bank (2), sanctuaries (2), com (2), tristan (2), huge (2), belt (2), banned (2), committee (2), sustainably (2), making (2), building (2), wwf (2), medpan (2), peace (2), briand (2), researchgate (2), publication (2), mongabay (2), threats (2), designates (2), fox (2), 0964 (2), 5691 (2), ocecoaman (2), 2013ocm (2), initiative (2), implementation (2), chen (2), 007 (2), trade (2), 0308 (2), 597x (2), challenges (2), prospects (2), 103780 (2), 115 (2), nairobi (2), wiomsa (2), mann (2), sink (2), eds (2), saambr (2), sheet (2), 434 (2), series (2), ongoing (2), work (2), 117 (2), improved (2), print (2), present (2), status (2), npws (2), verde (2), con (2), orkney (2), real (2), int (2), protectedplanet (2), bunaken (2), heinrich (2), böll (2), stiftung (2), owns (2), considerations (2), knowledge (2), jordan (2), 1099579 (2), appropriate (2), asinara (2), how (2), own (2), private (2), 1007 (2), switzerland (2), expansion (2), concept (2), ramsar (2), unesco (2), really (2), much (2), joel (2), martin (2), 030 (2), just (2), marcos (2), pérez (2), 613819 (2), game (2), e02070 (2), cite (2), oceanservice (2), open (2), inter (2), specially (2), rich (2), hope (2), funding (2), enforce (2), rules (2), factors (2), because (2), accounting (2), amount (2), across (2), seascape (2), affected (2), warming (2), reduction (2), despite (2), lower (2), before (2), ineffective (2), extensive (2), 121 (2), 120 (2), 119 (2), carbon (2), criticized (2), rights (2), biot (2), right (2), misconception (2), federal (2), instead (2), exist (2), tribal (2), percent (2), processes (2), setting (2), emphasize (2), decrease (2), caused (2), led (2), goat (2), effect (2), export (2), positively (2), impacted (2), reduce (2), increasing (2), unprotected (2), healthy (2), severely (2), damaged (2), without (2), then (2), published (2), version (2), coherent (2), adopted (2), 107 (2), highest (2), utility (2), sensing (2), harvesting (2), strategies (2), endeavors (2), imagery (2), virgin (2), sudan (2), vincent (2), grenadines (2), french (2), spain (2), senegal (2), san (2), portugal (2), peru (2), palau (2), northern (2), mariana (2), caledonia (2), monaco (2), madagascar (2), sar (2), korea (2), dem (2), kiribati (2), jamaica (2), guam (2), grenada (2), greenland (2), germany (2), georgia (2), fiji (2), dominican (2), congo (2), african (2), brazil (2), antigua (2), collectively (2), fourth (2), until (2), 250 (2), creating (2), known (2), england (2), offshore (2), nearly (2), dumping (2), construction (2), allowed (2), industrial (2), endangered (2), three (2), allows (2), colonies (2), shallow (2), decades (2), typically (2), 160 (2), natura (2), ten (2), exchange (2), covers (2), manage (2), actions (2), stakeholders (2), traditional (2), designations (2), though (2), signed (2), ranging (2), protocol (2), ratified (2), promotes (2), mostly (2), rapid (2), majority (2), poorly (2), adjacent (2), apo (2), enforcement (2), aiming (2), reducing (2), rare (2), considered (2), stream (2), mesoamerican (2), encompasses (2), encompassed (2), consumptive (2), zoned (2), continental (2), prince (2), edward (2), 800 (2), eezs (2), below (2), conflict (2), made (2), manx (2), effectively (2), subject (2), seasonal (2), temporary (2), measures (2), nesting (2), plans (2), identified (2), high (2), force (2), 1982 (2), parties (2), broader (2), agreements (2), treaties (2), conference (2), meaning (2), complete (2), designate (2), gap (2), jurisdiction (2), assembly (2), congress (2), summit (2), encompass (2), influence (2), develop (2), earth (2), ones (2), cover (2), authority (2), connect (2), cooperation (2), various (2), completely (2), diverse (2), recreation (2), authorities (2), jointly (2), restricted (2), spawning (2), nursing (2), recover (2), ship (2), affect (2), restrict (2), gas (2), help (2), sustain (2), jump (2), economics (2), entire (2), hawaiian (2), refer (2), must (2), low (2), removals (2), types (2), contain (2), components (2), vary (2), significant (2), declared (2), classifications (2), designation (2), overlying (2), flora (2), fauna (2), terminology (2), essential (2), purpose (2), appearance (2), upload (2), file (2), read (2), log (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, topic, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, safety, contacts, disclaimers, available, apply, you, registered, trademark, profit, inc, creative, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, last, edited, 2026, utc, hidden, kartographer, volume, excerpts, unfit, matches, oceanography, php, title, marine_protected_area, oldid, 1360706712, tide, pools, sponge, seagrass, meadows, salt, marshes, rocky, shores, mudflats, biomes, mangroves, lagoons, forests, hydrothermal, vents, davidson, seamount, cold, seeps, biogeomorphology, black, smokers, mud, seashore, seabird, paradox, plankton, vertebrate, reptile, invertebrates, bacteriophage, creature, whale, thorson, photophore, physical, turbidity, ratio, glossary, outline, finning, culling, mercury, slaughter, calcofi, shepherd, profish, defying, worldfish, save, oceana, outcomes, watch, seachoice, friend, aquaculture, fishact, advocacy, grey, nurse, excluder, device, incidental, discards, line, sunken, billions, animal, down, food, yield, organisation, mls, slot, pulse, minimum, quota, observer, reporting, vessel, surveillance, magnuson, stevens, unreported, unregulated, kill, algal, blooms, humboldt, column, shoaling, schooling, sardine, migration, screen, lobster, crab, cod, forage, institutes, ostm, jason, fishbase, ecopath, econmult, bioeconomics, match, mismatch, hydrographic, containment, age, class, ecoscope, coded, wire, acoustics, otolith, microchemical, per, unit, storage, counter, standard, weight, measurement, condition, mortality, shifting, baseline, dynamics, topics, ecoregion, fund, organisations, washington, oregon, nmcas, viewable, interactive, engine, provides, campaigns, comes, database, regeneration, media, canberra, 642, 55352, strong, norton, 22nd, annual, symposium, safe, harbors, sue, sheppard, lavieren, barnard, kershaw, corrigan, teleki, adler, master, americas, ferret, fines, rogue, escapes, prosecution, dort, rebekah, researchspace, auckland, hauraki, takashina, nao, 632, 0021, 8901, 1365, 2664, 14595, 2024japec, 621e, 621, 0006, 3207, biocon, 2023bcons, 28410049e, 284, regulated, hilborn, ray, 7611, 226, 27411619, 1476, 4687, 535224a, 2016natur, 224h, 224, leary, bethan, maurice, duarte, sáenz, arroyo, andrea, ussif, rod, castilla, juan, 6175, 28584096, 5474809, 0027, 8424, 1073, pnas, 1701262114, 2017pnas, 6167r, 6167, mitigate, kristen, tittensor, derek, lotze, heike, 3267, 214694690, 32222010, 1354, 1013, gcb, 15094, 2020gcbio, 3251w, 3251, incorporating, soto, cristina, 195, 40966545, 1573, 5184, 1023, 1020364409616, 2002rfbf, 181s, 181, reviews, mcleod, salm, rodney, alison, almany, jeanine, 370, 1540, 9295, 070211, 2009free, 362m, 362, designing, bruno, bates, cacciapaglia, chris, amstrup, steven, hooidonk, ruben, aronson, 503, 89659925, 1758, 6798, s41558, 018, 0149, 2018natcc, 499b, 499, threatens, embassy, london, wikileaks, imperialism, clarifying, vol, warne, kennedy, saving, bounty, unuftp, innri, andrèfouët, kranenburg, rollo, veron, gaston, myers, 5781, 1751, 13067277, 16794065, 1125295, 1750, hughes, 933, 1521635, 12920289, 1085046, 929h, 929, pandolfi, trajectories, 958, 31903371, 12920296, 1085706, 955p, 955, sullivan, stack, jenna, constant, vanessa, horta, barbara, kingston, naomi, dan, claudet, joachim, alan, day, jon, gonçalves, emanuel, rand, matt, villagomez, angelo, natalie, gurney, georgina, bennett, nathan, briggs, johnny, morgan, lance, moffitt, russell, deguignet, pikitch, ellen, darling, emily, jessen, sabine, hameed, carlo, giuseppe, guidetti, paolo, harris, jean, torre, jorge, kizilkaya, zafer, agardy, tundi, shah, nirmal, sack, karen, cao, ling, fernandez, miriam, 6560, eabf0861, 237473020, 34516798, abf0861, spalding, ana, institut, recherche, pour, développement, dinerstein, vynne, joshi, fernando, lovejoy, mayorga, olson, asner, baillie, burgess, burkart, noss, baccini, hahn, joppa, wikramanayake, eaaw2869, 31016243, 6474764, sciadv, aaw2869, 2019scia, 2869d, guiding, principles, milestones, greenfield, weston, phoebe, historic, struck, halt, final, yamahara, kevan, preston, christina, walz, kristine, marin, jensen, scott, pargett, brent, ussler, william, yanwu, ryan, hobson, brett, kieft, brian, raanan, goodwin, kelly, chavez, francisco, scholin, christopher, 00373, situ, acquisition, preservation, dna, vehicle, berezansky, idels, kipnis, model, 325, preprint, http, handle, 0272, 4960, 1093, imamat, hxq043, ima, mathematics, website, rspb, biggest, grundy, tristandc, trust, coalition, conservationists, call, webster, 180, 0140, 0460, times, trusts, theguardian, supertrawlers, mockery, domain, incorporates, carrington, damian, worse, wwfmmi, antidote, crisis, says, association, 239940856, daily, malavika, vyawahare, ward, looming, launch, ecowatch, twice, phys, starts, britain, sized, kirlin, caldwell, meg, gleason, mary, weber, mike, ugoretz, evan, melissa, 015, statewide, reefbase, summary, chun, xiaochun, weiping, guangyu, duan, huihui, meiting, hongyuan, yang, zhihong, yunzhou, fluharty, 001, 2017marpo, wenjia, liu, jie, zhiyuan, wang, yuyu, dian, weiwei, bin, 214281593, 2020marpo, 11503780h, evolution, fielding, 166, 9976, 5619, 133, outlook, achievement, wiosap, nairobiconvention, key, takeaways, lang, judy, bruce, kerry, fact, marineprotectedareas, dffeportal, register, 10177, pretoria, printer, 647, regulation, gazette, 42478, declarations, wooda, louisa, fisha, lucy, laughrena, josh, 351, 1017, s003060530800046x, 340, oryx, shortfalls, sale, 266, 3354, meps09214, 2011meps, 251m, 251, technical, practical, shortcoming, halpern, matter, 137, 1051, 0761, 013, 0117, tiomrd, applications, 1048, 1056, mdgs, millennium, addendum, possibilities, kuempel, caitlin, jones, kendall, watson, possingham, 1359, 31131932, 6899811, cobi, 13340, 1350, quantifying, biases, placement, relative, abatable, wealth, directive, msfd, minister, brien, announces, formal, pledge, codex, país, mayor, porcentaje, sus, costas, algún, tipo, protección, del, mundo, dfo, mpo, reaching, novelli, catherine, 004, 2018marpo, 11s, done, internet, archive, lowry, scaling, biophysical, institutional, 53701615, 1080, 08920750902851146, 2009coasm, 274l, 274, engaging, perceptions, gourguet, dec, 329810761, andradi, brown, dominic, veverka, laura, amkieltiela, crane, nicole, estradivari, helen, goetze, gough, charlotte, mahajan, shauna, rulmal, teoh, marianne, 2023frmas, 1099579a, locally, noone, greg, hakai, magazine, pay, harary, thinkcds, sector, 056, 39073111, s00338, 0235, 2007corre, 1047c, 1047, wcpa, gland, naturalengland, refugia, resilient, happen, foreign, office, home, biodiversitya, federalregister, nomination, updates, why, pew, sustainabledevelopment, platform, petterson, michael, kim, hyeon, cham, springer, publishing, 367, 234955801, 38814, 38815, 7_14, 339, geosciences, obama, drop, concepción, díaz, fietz, katharina, forcada, aitor, ford, garcía, charton, josé, antonio, goñi, raquel, lenfant, mallol, sandra, mouillot, maría, puebla, oscar, manel, ruzafa, angel, 10045, 115426, 2021frmas, 813819m, reviewing, societal, gilmour, adams, block, caselle, hazen, holmes, lafferty, maxwell, oleson, pollock, shaffer, wolff, 2351, 9894
Text of the page (random words):
c sale p 2011 ongoing global biodiversity loss and the need to move beyond protected areas a review of the technical and practical shortcoming of protected areas on land and sea pdf marine ecology progress series 434 251 266 bibcode 2011meps 434 251m doi 10 3354 meps09214 wooda louisa j fisha lucy laughrena josh pauly daniel 2008 assessing progress towards global marine protection targets shortfalls in information and action oryx 42 3 340 351 doi 10 1017 s003060530800046x mpa declarations pdf regulation gazette no 42478 647 10177 pretoria government printer 23 may 2019 protected areas register dffeportal environment gov za retrieved 10 july 2022 protecting the ocean www marineprotectedareas org za retrieved 18 january 2019 marine protected areas www saambr org za retrieved 16 may 2019 1 2 mann lang judy mann bruce sink kerry eds september 2018 fact sheet 3 marine protected areas pdf saambr retrieved 15 may 2019 marine protected areas and south africa key takeaways pdf www nairobiconvention org wiosap project 2021 retrieved 16 july 2021 fielding p 2021 marine coastal areas under protection republic of south africa pdf unep nairobi convention and wiomsa 2021 western indian ocean marine protected areas outlook towards achievement of the global biodiversity framework targets report nairobi kenya unep and wiomsa pp 133 166 isbn 978 9976 5619 0 6 wells et al 2008 p 33 1 2 3 4 hu wenjia liu jie ma zhiyuan wang yuyu zhang dian yu weiwei chen bin 2020 china s marine protected area system evolution challenges and new prospects marine policy 115 103780 bibcode 2020marpo 11503780h doi 10 1016 j marpol 2019 103780 issn 0308 597x s2cid 214281593 1 2 li yunzhou fluharty david l 2017 marine protected area networks in china challenges and prospects marine policy 85 8 16 bibcode 2017marpo 85 8l doi 10 1016 j marpol 2017 08 001 issn 0308 597x 1 2 3 4 5 ma chun zhang xiaochun chen weiping zhang guangyu duan huihui ju meiting li hongyuan yang zhihong 2013 china s special marine protected area policy trade off between economic development and marine conservation ocean coastal management 76 1 11 bibcode 2013ocm 76 1m doi 10 1016 j ocecoaman 2013 02 007 issn 0964 5691 summary report for mpas in the philippines pdf reefbase org archived from the original pdf on 2023 01 27 retrieved 2011 05 29 1 2 3 4 wells et al 2008 mexico marine strategy 2018 2021 pdf hp foundation 2018 kirlin john caldwell meg gleason mary weber mike ugoretz john fox evan miller henson melissa 2013 03 01 california s marine life protection act initiative supporting implementation of legislation establishing a statewide network of marine protected areas ocean coastal management 74 3 13 bibcode 2013ocm 74 3k doi 10 1016 j ocecoaman 2012 08 015 issn 0964 5691 seychelles starts britain sized reserve bbc news 22 february 2018 seychelles designates huge new marine reserve phys org new australian marine parks protect an area twice the size of the great barrier reef mongabay ecowatch 14 may 2021 retrieved 18 may 2021 global launch of the great blue wall iucn 10 november 2021 retrieved 2 february 2022 malavika vyawahare 6 january 2022 great blue wall aims to ward off looming threats to western indian ocean mongabay retrieved 2 february 2022 marine protected areas conserve mediterranean red coral science daily may 11 2010 retrieved june 11 2010 marine peace parks in the mediterranean 2011 briand f https www researchgate net publication 239940856 the association medpan archived from the original on 2018 10 30 retrieved 2018 10 30 the mediterranean needs more marine reserves they are an antidote to the crisis says wwf www wwfmmi org carrington damian 2018 12 20 marine life worse off inside protected areas analysis reveals the guardian issn 0261 3077 retrieved 2023 02 02 marine protected areas 2020 building effective conservation networks pdf national oceanic and atmospheric administration 2020 retrieved 15 november 2021 this article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain supertrawlers making a mockery of uk s protected seas theguardian com 11 june 2020 marine protected areas around the uk the wildlife trusts retrieved 19 march 2015 protecting and sustainably using the marine environment uk government 30 january 2015 retrieved 19 march 2015 map uk marine protected areas centre archived from the original on 8 october 2018 retrieved 19 march 2015 marine protected areas in the uk joint nature conservation committee retrieved 19 march 2015 webster ben 8 june 2020 sea fishing banned under plan to protect nation s marine life the times no 73 180 p 6 issn 0140 0460 conservationists call for uk to create world s largest marine reserve the guardian 15 february 2015 retrieved 4 january 2016 the blue belt programme gov uk retrieved 2020 11 13 chagos marine reserve british indian ocean territory marine reserves coalition archived from the original on 2 april 2015 retrieved 19 march 2015 chagos marine reserve chagos conservation trust archived from the original on 5 july 2012 retrieved 19 march 2015 world s largest single marine reserve created in pacific national geographic world s largest single marine reserve created in pacific 18 march 2015 archived from the original on march 21 2015 retrieved 19 march 2015 pitcairn islands get huge marine reserve bbc 18 march 2015 retrieved 19 march 2015 pitcairn islands to get world s largest single marine reserve the guardian 18 march 2015 retrieved 19 march 2015 ascension island to become marine reserve bbc 3 january 2016 retrieved 3 january 2016 ascension island marine protected area www ascension gov ac ascension island government retrieved 21 august 2023 grundy richard tristan s marine protection zone announced www tristandc com retrieved 2020 11 13 uk overseas territory becomes one of the world s biggest sanctuaries for wildlife the rspb retrieved 2020 11 13 marine protected areas of territorial waters the world bank 2022 archived from the original on 25 september 2024 retrieved 25 september 2024 marine protected areas government website mpa gov 2012 05 07 archived from the original on 2012 06 06 retrieved 2012 06 07 berezansky l idels l kipnis m 2011 mathematical model of marine protected areas ima journal of applied mathematics 76 2 312 325 doi 10 1093 imamat hxq043 hdl 10613 2741 issn 0272 4960 preprint http hdl handle net 10613 2741 yamahara kevan m preston christina m birch james walz kristine marin roman jensen scott pargett douglas roman brent ussler william zhang yanwu ryan john hobson brett kieft brian raanan ben goodwin kelly d chavez francisco p scholin christopher 2019 in situ autonomous acquisition and preservation of marine environmental dna using an autonomous underwater vehicle frontiers in marine science 6 373 doi 10 3389 fmars 2019 00373 issn 2296 7745 cop15 final text of kunming montreal global biodiversity framework convention on biological diversity retrieved 2023 04 07 greenfield patrick weston phoebe 2022 12 19 cop15 historic deal struck to halt biodiversity loss by 2030 the guardian issn 0261 3077 retrieved 2023 04 07 dinerstein e vynne c sala e joshi a r fernando s lovejoy t e mayorga j olson d asner g p baillie j e m burgess n d burkart k noss r f zhang y p baccini a birch t hahn n joppa l n wikramanayake e 2019 a global deal for nature guiding principles milestones and targets science advances 5 4 eaaw2869 bibcode 2019scia 5 2869d doi 10 1126 sciadv aaw2869 pmc 6474764 pmid 31016243 improving ocean protection with the first marine protected areas guide institut de recherche pour le développement retrieved 19 october 2021 grorud colvert kirsten sullivan stack jenna roberts callum constant vanessa horta e costa barbara pike elizabeth p kingston naomi laffoley dan sala enric claudet joachim friedlander alan m gill david a lester sarah e day jon c gonçalves emanuel j ahmadia gabby n rand matt villagomez angelo ban natalie c gurney georgina g spalding ana k bennett nathan j briggs johnny morgan lance e moffitt russell deguignet marine pikitch ellen k darling emily s jessen sabine hameed sarah o di carlo giuseppe guidetti paolo harris jean m torre jorge kizilkaya zafer agardy tundi cury philippe shah nirmal j sack karen cao ling fernandez miriam lubchenco jane 2021 the mpa guide a framework to achieve global goals for the ocean pdf science 373 6560 eabf0861 doi 10 1126 science abf0861 pmid 34516798 s2cid 237473020 pandolfi j m et al 2003 global trajectories of long term decline of coral reef ecosystems science 301 5635 955 958 bibcode 2003sci 301 955p doi 10 1126 science 1085706 pmid 12920296 s2cid 31903371 hughes t p et al 2003 climate change human impacts and the resilience of coral reefs science 301 5635 929 933 bibcode 2003sci 301 929h doi 10 1126 science 1085046 pmid 12920289 s2cid 1521635 mora c andrèfouët s costello m j kranenburg c rollo a veron j gaston k j myers r a et al 2006 coral reefs and the global network of marine protected areas pdf science 312 5781 1750 1751 doi 10 1126 science 1125295 pmid 16794065 s2cid 13067277 archived from the original pdf on 2017 08 10 retrieved 2012 12 25 marine protected areas innri pdf unuftp is archived from the original pdf on 2019 07 12 retrieved 2011 05 18 warne kennedy saving the sea s bounty national geographic april 2007 mpa news vol 6 no 1 july 2004 wells et al 2008 p 17 the international union for conservation of nature defines a protected area as a clearly defined geographical space recognised dedicated and managed through legal or effective means to achieve the long term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem service and cultural value clarifying misconceptions about mpas pdf archived from the original pdf on february 15 2013 wikileaks reveals u s british use marine reserves as tool of imperialism embassy london 2009 05 15 retrieved 2010 12 24 1 2 bruno john f bates amanda e cacciapaglia chris pike elizabeth p amstrup steven c van hooidonk ruben henson stephanie a aronson richard b 2018 climate change threatens the world s marine protected areas nature climate change 8 6 499 503 bibcode 2018natcc 8 499b doi 10 1038 s41558 018 0149 2 issn 1758 6798 s2cid 89659925 1 2 mcleod elizabeth salm rodney green alison almany jeanine 2009 designing marine protected area networks to address the impacts of climate change frontiers in ecology and the environment 7 7 362 370 bibcode 2009free 7 362m doi 10 1890 070211 issn 1540 9295 1 2 soto cristina g 2002 the potential impacts of global climate change on marine protected areas reviews in fish biology and fisheries 11 3 181 195 bibcode 2002rfbf 11 181s doi 10 1023 a 1020364409616 issn 1573 5184 s2cid 40966545 wilson kristen l tittensor derek p worm boris lotze heike k 2020 incorporating climate change adaptation into marine protected area planning global change biology 26 6 3251 3267 bibcode 2020gcbio 26 3251w doi 10 1111 gcb 15094 issn 1354 1013 pmid 32222010 s2cid 214694690 roberts callum m o leary bethan c mccauley douglas j cury philippe maurice duarte carlos m lubchenco jane pauly daniel sáenz arroyo andrea sumaila ussif rashid wilson rod w worm boris castilla juan carlos 2017 marine reserves can mitigate and promote adaptation to climate change proceedings of the national academy of sciences 114 24 6167 6175 bibcode 2017pnas 114 6167r doi 10 1073 pnas 1701262114 issn 0027 8424 pmc 5474809 pmid 28584096 hilborn ray july 2016 policy marine biodiversity needs more than protection nature 535 7611 224 226 bibcode 2016natur 535 224h doi 10 1038 535224a issn 1476 4687 pmid 27411619 erm philip balmford andrew holden matthew h 2023 08 01 the biodiversity benefits of marine protected areas in well regulated fisheries biological conservation 284 110049 bibcode 2023bcons 28410049e doi 10 1016 j biocon 2023 110049 issn 0006 3207 erm philip balmford andrew krueck nils c takashina nao holden matthew h 2024 02 04 marine protected areas can benefit biodiversity even when bycatch species only partially overlap fisheries journal of applied ecology 61 4 621 632 bibcode 2024japec 61 621e doi 10 1111 1365 2664 14595 issn 0021 8901 van dort rebekah 2023 does displacement of fishing effort from marine protected areas impact the wider environment a review and case study for displacement within the hauraki gulf thesis thesis researchspace auckland fines to rogue fishermen fall and illegal fishing escapes prosecution the ferret 2019 10 06 retrieved 2019 10 06 sources edit wells sue sheppard v van lavieren h barnard n kershaw f corrigan c teleki k stock p adler e 2008 national and regional networks of marine protected areas a review of progress master evaluation for the un effort world conservation monitoring centre the americas isbn 978 92 807 2975 7 retrieved 2009 03 18 smith d miller k a 2003 norton s f ed safe harbors for our future an overview of marine protected areas diving for science proceedings of the american academy of underwater sciences 22nd annual scientific diving symposium archived from the original on september 29 2008 retrieved 2008 08 13 australian government department of the environment and water resources may 2007 growing up strong the first 10 years of indigenous protected areas in australia pdf canberra australian government isbn 978 0 642 55352 2 retrieved 2008 05 08 external links edit media related to marine protected areas at wikimedia commons marine protected areas by project regeneration marine protection atlas an online tool from the marine conservation institute that provides information on the world s protected areas and global mpa campaigns information comes from a variety of sources including the world database on protected areas wdpa and many regional and national databases marine protected areas viewable via protected planet an online interactive search engine hosted by the united nations environment programme s world conservation monitoring center unep wcmc v t e marine protected areas marine protected areas by nation list of marine protected areas australia canada mpas nmcas hong kong italy south africa united kingdom scotland united states alaska california hawaii oregon washington international marine conservation organisations international union for conservation of nature world wide fund for nature related biodiversity marine biodiversity marine ecoregion marine protected area protected area categories marine protected areas commons v t e fishery science topics fisheries science and wild fisheries fisheries science population dynamics of fisheries shifting baseline fish stock fish mortality condition index stock assessment fish measurement standard weight in fish fish counter data storage tag catch per unit effort otolith microchemical analysis biomass fisheries acoustics acoustic tag coded wire tag gis and aquatic science pop up satellite archival tag ecoscope age class structure trophic level trophic cascades hydrographic containment match mismatch hypothesis climate change and fisheries marine biology aquatic ecosystems bioeconomics econmult ecopath fishbase census of marine l...
|
