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eas sagebrush is a common host plant to desert species of paintbrush in other places lupine species another large genus of the western u s found in a range of habitats are one of the most common hosts in fact castilleja plants that are able to latch on to lupine as a host plant may be very lucky individuals red paintbrush grooving on lupine a common sight in the summer as a member of the bean family lupines have a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen fixing bacteria and any plant parasitizing them is going to get increased access to nitrogen studies have shown that castilleja using lupines as host experience better growth increased reproduction and increased pollen output lupines may even offer some protection from herbivory to castilleja as along with nutrients parasites also receive the alkaloid lupinine which is toxic and bitter to animals this protection may be conferred to the castilleja although studies have shown mixed results in whether having lupine as a host actually does decrease herbivory on indian paintbrush or not either way it s clear there are big benefits to taking advantage of lupine and in my area it s not uncommon to see meadows full of almost exclusively lupine and paintbrush castilleja along with other root hemiparasites can actually have a surprisingly large effect on community structure as a whole introduction of a species like this can shift the entire dynamic by helping or hurting various other competitors for resources say you have a plant community that is dominated by one species of herbaceous plant there is another species present but it just can t compete and is barely hanging on now in comes a root hemiparasite like castilleja it gets big benefits from parasitizing the dominant species and not much from the secondary species but in the process of parasitizing the dominant species it greatly reduces that species fitness suddenly the secondary species can compete this can lead to a community going from a virtual monoculture to either a stable system with the three species parasite dominant and secondary existing in roughly equal proportions or a constantly fluctuating system where one species becomes extremely successful for awhile before the other takes over in a repeated fight for dominance castilleja rehexifolia a pretty pink paintbrush in addition if the root hemiparasite does better on the less dominant species it may actual confer a competitive advantage on the secondary species and help it to increase its range against the dominant species while the secondary species alone may have no hope of out competing the dominant species for limited resources in combination with castilleja or another hemiparasite they together may succeed in elbowing out the normally successful dominant and either sharing or completely excluding it from the system it previously ruled as you can see castilleja and other root hemiparasites are forces to be reckoned with but there is still much we don t know about them are there other ways they confer benefits to their hosts are some species evolving to be host specific how much do they actually take from their hosts and is their color variable within a species and location dependent on the nutrients and minerals they receive from the host plant or is there another factor the complicated systems in which they exist and the huge variation among species make any questions about this genus difficult to answer definitively references smith d 2000 the population dynamics and community ecology of root hemiparasitic plants the american naturalist 155 1 13 23 doi 10 1086 303294 adler l s 2003 host species affects herbivory pollination and reproduction in experiments with parasitic castilleja ecology 84 8 2083 2091 doi 10 1890 02 0542 posted in botany community ecology ecosystem dynamics local ecology natural history parasites plant ecology tags castilleja hemiparasite indian paintbrush lupine lazy friday links 7 1 11 july 1 2011 leave a comment what july already happy canada day everyone and happy independence day on monday i hope everyone s got fun plans for the weekend since it s supposed to hit 103 f here on sunday mine include finding a cold lake above 10 000 ft and staying there enjoy the linkfest as you run out the clock before the holiday weekend ecology evolution links 1 this is what we get for decades of fire suppression the mega fires now raging in the southwestern u s are so large and intense they may cause permanent damage to the ecosystem despite it normally being considered a fire adapted system small fires rejuvenate but ones like these only devastate wired science 2 crows already one of the animals strongly in the running to take over the planet from us along with octopi dolphins and ants not only have great memories but they can transfer their knowledge of danger to other crows who haven t experienced them bird telepathy let s hope not but however they do it it s wicked cool global animal 3 let s hear it for the owls the national fish and wildlife service this week after years of waiting finally published recovery plans for both the northern spotted owl and the mexican spotted owl that is if the mexican spotted owl can survive in the smoldering wreckage that is now much of its territory ny times 4 sing me home a detailed explanation of population structure and fluctuations of southern right whales over the past few centuries no one knows for sure how many there are now but the good news is they seem to be doing fairly well deep blue home 5 scientists are putting together an advertising campaign aimed at monkeys no it s not to get them to volunteer for lab experiments having taught them to use money they now hope associating a product with sex female monkeybits and dominance alpha males will make them chose that product over others my question is will female and male monkeys be equally susceptible to the same ads io9 general science links 1 more casualties of on going budget crises public health due to a government shutdown minnesota will lose many services including it s incredible public health unit which does a swedish quality job of stopping foodborne illnesses before they spread because people getting sick from mn food products will help the economy superbug 2 remember kids there s no such thing as chemical free period if you are chemical free see your doctor as you may have become a ghost speakeasy science 3 as a culture and as a species we are obsessed with things we can t explain often lumped together under the banner of the paranormal but why do our brains hold an answer salon presents an interesting and vaguely science y discussion salon 4 autism ever more common in this country is often spoken of synonymously with an inability to empathize but is that really true or are are we confusing an inability to understand signals with a lack of feeling thinking autism guide 5 matter is so awesome japanese researchers have developed a new alloy that can return to its original shape at a very wide range of temperatures apparently we already had ones that could do at a narrower range kinda puts some of those roswell reports in perspective physorg because i feel like it links 1 a statistical exercise of dubious value accuracy but limitless fun calculates the number of things you are more likely to do than intentionally click on a banner ad better not tell that to the advertiser though or our whole internet economy could come crashing down the atlantic 2 misdirection sometimes it s the only way xkcd 3 stephen colbert makes mockery of campaign finance laws even more realer by forming his own super pac ostensibly to use viacom money to run campaign ads in this election funny joke or brilliantly sneaky political plot i guess we re find out in 2012 av club 4 dan savage and others make a case for some non monogamy can t say i totally agree with him but i can t really judge other peoples relationships and its a fascinating article nonetheless plus i adore the guy ny times 5 an anabaptist makes a compelling case for not celebrating independence day if you re a christian or a pacifist or both uncomfortably thought provoking pangea blog and a new section wherein i tell you what to do with your weekend make an easy and impressive no bake raspberry cheesecake follow this recipe but use chocolate wafers for the crust instead of regular grahams then top with fresh raspberries or a mix of raspberries and blueberries for a patriotic theme great to bring to cookouts this weekend drink polygamy porter a utah favorite with a smooth taste and the tagline why have just one it s hard to resist if you can t buy it in your area you can probably order it online depending on your state or pester your local store to stock it got wives get beer view the night sky holds a lot of excitement in july mercury will be the first planet out but we should also be able to see venus saturn and titan with the naked eye see nothing no good movies are coming out this weekend unless you re in the vicinity of a showing of the limited release comedy terri if not and if you ve already seen the brilliant super 8 then go read slate s review of transformers 3 realize you ve dodged a bullet and then rent the extremely underrated and frighteningly fitting cult comedy idiocracy and reflect upon how the former relates to the latter go somewhere cool it s gonna be varying degrees of scorching across the country this weekend and all the major lakeshores and beaches are likely to be packed i recommend backpacking utah s highline trail which only just finished melting out after an insane amount of snowfall this winter rolling terrain keeps you at a cool 10 500 13 000 feet with plenty of coyotes and mountain goats for company posted in biology chemistry evolution health just for fun links news science links tangential tags crows highline trial monkeys public health right whales book review a rum affair june 30 2011 1 comment sorry for the long absence folks i caught a hideous summer cold which totally took me out for about ten days and then i was away for a bit summer colds seem so unfair in the winter if i m sick i ll just lean into it it s cold outside there s not much to do other than work and i just dose myself with nyquil and sleep it off watch trashy tv and order takeout in the summer it s already hot and sticky and there are so many fun and interesting things to be doing i resent every second spent in forced convalescence anyways on to our selection today whether you will enjoy a rum affair a true story of botanical fraud by karl sabbaugh probably depends greatly on how much of a plant or history nerd you are in brief the book is essentially a journalistic investigation of an incident in england in the early mid 1900 s in which a distinguished professor of botany john heslop harrison was accused by john raven an amateur but respected plant enthusiast of sowing rare species of sedges and other plants on the scottish island of rum and then claiming to have found them growing there naturally for the purposes of supporting his pet theory regarding the timing and extent of the last glaciation because harrison was so respected and there was no way to prove the accusations the papers regarding it were sealed and hidden away in the dusty records of newcastle nearly forgotten the author investigates the accusations as well as all the incidents surrounding them and the lives and careers of the two major players the professor and the accuser although it is clear from the get go and the title itself really that the author believes the accusations of fraud to be true he makes a fairly convincing and rational case for the guilt of the professor at least to this reader without completely dismissing the value of harrison s other work and contributions to botany and natural history although the book is highly historical in nature and sabbaugh is not a botanist the plants and the field of botany at the time get a very good going over with detailed explanations of the fraud and the species involved his lack of expertise is an asset here as he does not shoot over the lay reader s head with technical jargon but labors to explain the case and the science as it was explained to him he also frames some of the conflict as a class struggle between the profession of humble origins and the privileged talented amateur which sheds a different light on the accusations and garners sympathy for the seemingly insecure harrison although raven is generally the more likable character at times the writing is a bit dry and repetitive but it is liberally sprinkled with wry humor and engaging anecdotes of those he is writing about and of his own experiences during the research process although the basic information of the case is summed up nearly from page 1 if you are interested in the more esoteric details i feel the rest of the book is worth a read this is a case that will never truly be solved the evidence against harrison is damning but by no means conclusive but reading about it in detail not only provides an interesting glimpse into the world of british botany in the time period surrounding the second world war but it also provides a setting for a discussion of larger issues regarding scientific ethics verifiability class discrimination and the seeming immunity from accountability of respected authority figures in the scientific community i recommend this book to plant nerds 20th century history buffs and those looking for a good factual mystery it s not terribly long and reasonably enjoyable despite some slow bits but remember to read with a skeptical eye and judge the facts for yourself posted in book review botany history of science natural history tags a rum affair island of rum john heslop harrison john raven karl sabbagh previous entries about me tracey switek lives in salt lake city utah and blogs about ecology botany evolution conservation animal behavior and how the study of the natural world benefits us all in her free time she knits quilts hikes reads and bakes she hopes to get a job in ecology or botany and or go back to school archive archive select month january 2013 1 december 2012 6 july 2011 2 june 2011 11 may 2011 3 february 2011 1 january 2011 6 december 2010 1 twitter feed tweets by traceyswit animal behavior biology book review botany chemistry desert ecology eco vocab ecosystem dynamics entomology ethnobotany evolution flowers health history of science just for fun links local ecology mutualism natural history news personal photography plant ecology science links survival strategies tangential uncategorized wetland ecology winter ecology zoology blogroll bad astronomy cocktail party physics highly allochthonous laelaps monofilia neon neurotic physiology not exactly rocket science only human science friday the integrative paleontologists the loom create a free website or blog at wordpress com the olive tree create a free website or blog at wordpress com subscribe subscribed the 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