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their own designations to the missions for example luna e 1 no 1 the first failure of 1958 which nasa believed was associated with the luna programme was known as luna 1958a 25 luna competing united states programmes type first attempt attempts first success successes rate first attempt attempts first success successes rate impactor 23 sep 1958 6 luna 2 sep 13 1959 1 16 7 ranger 1 23 aug 1961 9 ranger 7 31 july 1964 3 33 3 26 flyby luna 3 6 oct 1959 3 luna 3 1 33 3 pioneer 3 6 dec 1958 2 pioneer 4 6 mar 1959 1 50 0 soft lander 4 jan 1963 13 luna 9 3 feb 1966 2 15 4 surveyor 1 2 jun 1966 7 surveyor 1 5 71 4 orbiter 1 mar 1966 8 luna 10 3 apr 1966 6 75 0 pioneer 0 17 aug 1958 12 lunar orbiter 1 18 aug 1966 5 41 7 rover 19 feb 1969 3 luna 17 17 nov 1970 2 66 7 apollo 15 31 july 1971 3 apollo 15 3 100 0 sample return 14 jun 1969 11 luna 16 24 sep 1970 3 27 3 apollo 11 24 jul 1969 7 apollo 11 6 85 7 total 44 15 34 1 total 40 24 60 0 mission details edit public name internal name photo mission launch date carrier rocket outcome remarks n a e 1 no 1 impactor 23 september 1958 luna launch failure failed to orbit n a e 1 no 2 impactor 11 october 1958 luna launch failure failed to orbit n a e 1 no 3 impactor 4 december 1958 luna launch failure failed to orbit luna 1 e 1 no 4 impactor 2 january 1959 luna partial launch failure also known as mechta placed onto incorrect trajectory flew past the moon without impacting first spacecraft to escape geocentric orbit n a e 1a no 1 impactor 18 june 1959 luna launch failure failed to orbit luna 2 e 1a no 2 impactor 12 september 1959 luna successful impacted palus putredinis 29 10 n 0 00 e on the moon on 14 september 1959 at 07 30 gmt first man made object to reach the moon luna 3 e 2a no 1 flyby 4 october 1959 luna successful took first photographs of the far side of the moon n a e 3 no 1 flyby 15 april 1960 luna launch failure failed to orbit n a e 3 no 2 flyby 16 april 1960 luna launch failure failed to orbit n a e 6 no 2 lander 4 january 1963 molniya l launch failure never left leo n a e 6 no 3 lander 3 february 1963 molniya l launch failure failed to orbit luna 4 e 6 no 4 lander 2 april 1963 molniya l spacecraft failure failed to perform course correction manoeuvre flew past the moon n a e 6 no 6 lander 21 march 1964 molniya m launch failure failed to orbit n a e 6 no 5 lander 20 april 1964 molniya m launch failure failed to orbit kosmos 60 e 6 no 9 lander 12 march 1965 molniya l launch failure never left leo decayed five days later n a e 6 no 8 lander 10 april 1965 molniya l launch failure failed to orbit luna 5 e 6 no 10 lander 9 may 1965 molniya m spacecraft failure failed to decelerate impacted mare nubium luna 6 e 6 no 7 lander 8 june 1965 molniya m spacecraft failure failed to perform course correction manoeuvre flew past the moon luna 7 e 6 no 11 lander 4 october 1965 molniya spacecraft failure attitude control failure impacted oceanus procellarum luna 8 e 6 no 12 lander 3 december 1965 molniya spacecraft failure attitude control failure impacted oceanus procellarum luna 9 e 6 no 13 lander 31 january 1966 molniya m successful landed in oceanus procellarum 7 08 n 295 63 e 18 44 52 gmt on 3 february 1966 first soft landing on the moon kosmos 111 e 6s no 204 orbiter 1 march 1966 molniya m launch failure never left leo decayed two days later luna 10 e 6s no 206 orbiter 31 march 1966 molniya m successful luna 11 e 6lf no 101 orbiter 24 august 1966 molniya m successful luna 12 e 6lf no 102 orbiter 22 october 1966 molniya m successful luna 13 e 6m no 205 lander 21 december 1966 molniya m successful landed in oceanus procellarum 18 87 n 297 95 e 18 01 gmt on 24 december 1966 n a e 6ls no 112 orbiter 7 february 1968 molniya m launch failure failed to orbit luna 14 e 6ls no 113 orbiter 7 april 1968 molniya m successful n a e 8 no 201 rover 19 february 1969 proton k d launch failure first attempt to launch lunokhod failed to orbit lunokhod destroyed n a e 8 5 no 402 sample return 14 june 1969 proton k d launch failure failed to orbit luna 15 e 8 5 no 401 sample return 13 july 1969 proton k d spacecraft failure entered selenocentric orbit successfully failed during descent on 21 july 1969 impacted the moon while apollo 11 was on the surface kosmos 300 e 8 5 no 403 sample return 23 september 1969 proton k d launch failure never left leo decayed four days later kosmos 305 e 8 5 no 404 sample return 22 october 1969 proton k d launch failure never left leo decayed two days later n a e 8 5 no 405 sample return 6 february 1970 proton k d launch failure failed to orbit luna 16 e 8 5 no 406 sample return 12 september 1970 proton k d successful landed in mare fecunditatis 0 68 s 56 30 e at 05 18 gmt on 20 september 1970 sample returned to earth on 24 september 1970 luna 17 e 8 no 203 rover 10 november 1970 proton k d successful landed in mare imbrium 38 28 n 325 00 e at 03 47 gmt on 17 november 1970 deployed lunokhod 1 luna 18 e 8 5 no 407 sample return 2 september 1971 proton k d spacecraft failure entered selenocentric orbit successfully failed during descent impacted mare fecunditatis 3 57 n 50 50 e luna 19 e 8ls no 202 orbiter 28 september 1971 proton k d successful luna 20 e 8 5 no 408 sample return 14 february 1972 proton k d successful landed in mare fecunditatis 3 57 n 56 50 e at 19 19 utc on 21 february 1972 sample returned to earth on 25 february 1972 luna 21 e 8 no 204 rover 8 january 1973 proton k d successful landed in le monnier 25 85 n 30 45 e at 23 35 utc on 15 january 1973 deployed lunokhod 2 luna 22 e 8ls no 206 orbiter 29 may 1974 proton k d successful luna 23 e 8 5m no 410 sample return 28 october 1974 proton k d spacecraft failure landed in mare crisium fell over upon landing n a e 8 5m no 412 sample return 16 october 1975 proton k d launch failure failed to orbit intended to return a sample from mare crisium luna 24 e 8 5m no 413 sample return 9 august 1976 proton k d successful landed in mare crisium 12 25 n 62 20 e at 02 00 utc on 18 august 1976 sample returned to earth on 22 august 1976 see also edit solar system portal spaceflight portal luna rocket luna glob list of missions to the moon soviet crewed lunar programs soviet space program surveyor program pioneer program ranger program references edit amy shira teitel 13 april 2017 how russia beat the u s to the moon daily beast retrieved 14 march 2023 zak anatoly planetary spacecraft moon missions russianspaceweb com comparison of us and estimated soviet expenditures for space programs pdf cia august 1964 archived from the original pdf on 23 january 2017 johnston louis williamson samuel h 2023 what was the u s gdp then measuringworth retrieved 30 november 2023 united states gross domestic product deflator figures follow the measuringworth series luna glob mission lifts off www russianspaceweb com retrieved 14 september 2023 luna mission lunar and planetary institute lpi retrieved 2 december 2025 luna ye 1 gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 luna ye 1a gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 1 2 siddiqi asif a 2018 beyond earth a chronicle of deep space exploration 1958 2016 pdf the nasa history series second ed washington d c nasa history program office p 1 isbn 9781626830424 lccn 2017059404 sp2018 4041 1 2 3 4 5 siddiqi asif a 2018 beyond earth a chronicle of deep space exploration 1958 2016 pdf the nasa history series second ed washington d c nasa history program office p 2 isbn 9781626830424 lccn 2017059404 sp2018 4041 luna ye 2a gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 luna ye 3 gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 1 2 luna ye 6 gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 1 2 luna ye 6m gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 1 2 luna ye 6lf gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 1 2 luna ye 6ls gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 1 2 luna ye 6s gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 1 2 luna ye 8ls luna 19 22 gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 luna ye 8 luna 17 21 lunokhod 1 2 gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 lunokhod 1 panoramas planetology ru retrieved 30 april 2013 wall mike 11 july 2013 nasa moon probe helps revise off planet driving record lunokhod 2 space com retrieved 12 july 2013 chaikin andy february march 2004 the other moon landings air space archived from the original on 11 may 2014 1 2 luna ye 8 5 luna 15 16 18 20 gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 1 2 luna ye 8 5m luna 23 24 gunter s space page retrieved 26 september 2023 williams david r tentative ids nasa space science data coordinated archive retrieved 3 august 2010 national space science data center ranger 6 national air and space administration retrieved 19 june 2012 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to luna programme lunar and planetary department moscow university luna series ussr profile by nasa s solar system exploration encyclopædia britannica luna space probe soviet luna chronology soviet lunar images exploring the moon luna missions v t e luna programme impactors luna e 1 no 1 luna e 1 no 2 luna e 1 no 3 luna 1 luna e 1a no 1 luna 2 flyby luna 3 luna e 3 no 1 luna e 3 no 2 lander luna e 6 no 2 luna e 6 no 3 luna 4 luna e 6 no 6 luna e 6 no 5 kosmos 60 luna e 6 no 8 luna 5 luna 6 luna 7 luna 8 luna 9 luna 13 orbiter kosmos 111 luna 10 luna 11 luna 12 luna e 6ls no 112 luna 14 luna 19 luna 22 sample return luna e 8 5 no 402 luna 15 kosmos 300 kosmos 305 luna e 8 5 no 405 luna 16 luna 18 luna 20 luna 23 luna e 8 5m no 412 luna 24 rover luna e 8 no 201 luna 17 luna 21 v t e spacecraft missions to the moon exploration programs american apollo artemis clps lunar orbiter lunar precursor pioneer ranger surveyor chinese chang e european terrae novae indian chandrayaan japanese japanese lunar exploration program south korean korean lunar exploration program russian luna glob soviet crewed luna lunokhod zond active missions orbiters artemis capstone chandrayaan 2 chang e 5 t1 danuri lunar reconnaissance orbiter queqiao 1 and 2 tiandu 1 2 icube q landers chang e 4 rovers yutu 2 past missions crewed landings apollo 11 12 14 15 16 17 list of apollo astronauts orbiters apollo 8 10 artemis i chang e 1 2 5 chandrayaan 1 3 clementine explorer 35 49 grail hiten ladee longjiang 2 luna 10 11 12 14 19 22 lunar orbiter 1 2 3 4 5 lunar prospector pfs 1 pfs 2 smart 1 selene kaguya okina ouna lunar trailblazer impactors lcross luna 2 moon impact probe ranger 4 6 7 8 9 spacejunk falcon 9 impact in 2026 landers apollo lunar module 6 blue ghost m1 chandrayaan 3 chang e 3 chang e 5 6 luna 9 13 16 17 20 21 23 24 slim surveyor 1 3 5 6 7 rovers lunar roving vehicle apollo 15 16 17 lunokhod 1 2 yutu pragyan 2 3 lev 1 lev 2 sora q jinchan yaoki mapp micro nova astroant sample return apollo 11 12 14 15 16 17 luna 16 20 24 chang e 5 6 failed landings beresheet emirates lunar mission hakuto r m1 m2 im 1 2 luna 5 7 8 15 18 25 omotenashi surveyor 2 4 vikram peregrine flybys 4m apollo 13 artemis ii chang e 5 t1 geotail galileo ice longjiang 1 luna 1 3 4 6 lunah map lunar flashlight lunar icecube lunir mariner 10 nea scout nozomi pioneer 4 ranger 5 stereo tess wmap wind zond 3 5 6 7 8 pas 22 argomoon planned missions artemis iv 2028 v 2028 clps griffin m1 2026 im 3 2026 blue ghost m2 2027 blue moon pathfinder 1 2027 blue moon pathfinder 2 2027 blue ghost m3 2028 im 4 2020s im 5 2030 luna glob 26 2028 27a 2029 27b 2030 29 2032 28 2034 30 2036 clep chang e 7 2026 8 2028 chandrayaan 4 2028 5 lupex 2028 klep korean lunar lander 2032 esa lunar pathfinder 2027 lumio 2027 moonlight programme 2028 vmmo 2028 magpie 2029 máni 2029 argonaut m1 2030 others ispace m2 5 2027 ispace m3 2028 ispace m4 2029 cislunar explorers 2020s cu e 3 2020s moonranger 2020s international lunar research station 2030s proposed missions robotic alina artemis 7 blue moon bolas garatéa l isochron lunanet lunar crater radio telescope mccandless moon diver moonraker crewed dse alpha boeing lunar lander lockheed martin lunar lander cancelled concepts altair baden württemberg 1 beresheet 2 dearmoon project european lunar explorer first lunar outpost international lunar network leo lk lunar a lunar gateway lunar lander lunar mission one lunar observer lunokhod 3 moonlite moonrise orbitbeyond project harvest moon prospector resource prospector selene 2 ukrselena xl 1 viper related colonization of the moon we choose to go to the moon one small step google lunar x prize list of lunar probes list of missions to the moon list of artificial objects on the moon list of species that have landed on the moon lunar resources apollo 17 moon mice moon landing conspiracy theories third party evidence for apollo moon landings apollo 11 anniversaries list of crewed lunar landers missions are ordered by launch date crewed missions are in italics v t e soviet space probes earth satellites kosmos molniya zenit bion glonass meteor space observatories orion astron granat prognoz relikt 1 moon exploration luna lunokhod rovers zond program venus venera vega mars mars fobos design family 1mv 2mv 3mv 2m m69 4mv 5vk v t e soviet and russian space program roscosmos launch sites baikonur cosmodrome in kazakhstan dombarovsky kapustin yar plesetsk cosmodrome svobodny cosmodrome defunct vostochny cosmodrome launch vehicles angara proton soyuz human spaceflight programs past vostok voskhod salyut almaz incorporated into salyut program tks soyuz apollo joint mir shuttle mir joint energia buran cancelled zond 7k l1 moon flyby soviet crewed lunar programs moon landing zvezda moonbase tmk mars venus flyby spiral zvezda zarya maks kliper active international space station joint russian orbital segment soyuz in development orel robotic programs past dnepropetrovsk sputnik 1961 1982 prognoz 1972 1996 luna 1958 1976 venera 1961 1985 zond 1964 1970 astron 1983 1991 vega 1984 1987 phobos failed 1988 1989 granat 1989 1998 gamma 1990 1992 mars 96 failed 1996 resurs dk no 1 2006 2016 coronas 1994 2009 fobos grunt failed 2011 spektr r 2011 2019 luna 25 failed 2023 cancelled kazachok active arktika m bion m elektro l trace gas orbiter joint meteor m resurs p spektr rg in development luna glob luna 26 luna 27 luna 28 spektr uv communications sputnik begun 1957 sputnik 1 sputnik 2 sputnik 3 sputnik 41 sputnik 99 luch deep space network concepts baikal angara laplace p mars grunt mercury p opsek spektr m venera d rassvet sfera images and artwork mission patches related list of cosmonauts cosmonaut ranks and positions pilot cosmonaut of the russian federation soviet space dogs laika belka and strelka veterok and ugolyok ivan ivanovich soviet space exploration history on soviet stamps cosmonauts alley monument to the conquerors of space memorial museum of cosmonautics cosmonautics day yuri s night international day of human space flight out of the present 1995 documentary mission to mir 1997 documentary see also space industry of russia russian aerospace defence forces authority control 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