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es very high research activity 9 and has been referred to as a public ivy 10 the university consists of nine colleges and schools and offers over 150 academic programs enrolling more than 35 000 students as of january 2022 11 in 2021 the university attracted the support of over 634 million for research and spent 536 million on research and development according to the national science foundation ranking it 50th in the nation 12 13 it receives the most nasa astrophysics technology grants of all academic institutions and is the only university in the world that has sent instruments to all planets in the solar system 14 15 the colorado buffaloes compete in 17 varsity sports and are members of the ncaa division i big 12 conference the buffaloes have won 28 national championships 20 in skiing 7 total in men s and women s cross country and 1 in football the university has produced 10 olympic medalists alumni faculty and researchers have included 12 nobel prize laureates 16 of whom 5 were affiliated with the university when the prizes were awarded 17 18 10 pulitzer prize winners 11 macarthur fellows 1 turing award laureate 20 astronauts and 2 associate justices of the united states supreme court 19 20 21 22 history edit on march 14 1876 the colorado territorial legislature passed an amendment to the state constitution that provided money for the establishment of the university of colorado in boulder the colorado school of mines in golden and the colorado agricultural college in fort collins the cornerstone of the building that became old main was laid on september 20 1875 the doors of the university opened on september 5 1877 at the time there were few high schools in the state that could adequately prepare students for university work so in addition to the university a preparatory school was formed on campus in the fall of 1877 the student body consisted of 15 students in the college proper and 50 students in the preparatory school there were 38 men and 27 women and their ages ranged from 12 to 23 years 23 during world war ii colorado was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the v 12 navy college training program which offered students a path to a navy commission 24 cu hired its first female professor mary rippon in 1878 25 it hired its first african american professor charles h nilon in 1956 and its first african american librarian mildred nilon in 1962 26 its first african american female graduate lucile berkeley buchanan received her degree in 1918 27 campus edit the cu boulder campus the main cu boulder campus is located south of the pearl street mall and east of chautauqua auditorium it consists of academic and residential buildings as well as research facilities the east campus is about a quarter mile from the main campus and is composed mainly of athletic fields and research buildings cu boulder s campus has been ranked as one of the most beautiful college campuses in the united states by travel leisure and condé nast traveler 28 29 30 architecture edit cu boulder s distinctive architecture style known as tuscan vernacular revival was designed by architect charles klauder 31 the oldest buildings such as old main 1876 and macky auditorium 1923 were in the collegiate gothic style of many east coast schools and klauder s initial plans for the university s new buildings approved in 1919 were in the same style 31 a month or so after approval however klauder updated his design by sketching in a new wrap of rough textured sandstone walls with sloping multi leveled red orange tiled roofs and indiana limestone trim 31 32 this formed the basis of a unified style used in the design of fifteen other buildings between 1921 and 1939 and still followed on the campus to this day 31 the sandstone used in the construction of nearly all the buildings on campus was selected from a variety of front range mountain quarries sewall hall residence halls edit currently freshmen and others attending the university of colorado boulder have an option of 24 on and off campus residence halls 33 residence halls have 17 varieties of room types from singles to four person rooms and others with apartment style amenities 34 there are several communities of residence halls located throughout the campus as well as in a separate area called williams village which is located approximately 1 5 miles off of the main campus there is a free bus service that transports students to the main campus from williams village and vice versa the university also offers residential academic programs raps in many of its residence halls raps provide students with in dorm classes tailored to academic interests international affairs environmental studies etc engineering center engineering center edit the engineering center on the northeast side of campus houses the nation s largest geotechnical centrifuge as well as ion implantation and microwave propagation facilities spectrometers electron and other microscopes and a structural analysis facility in 2021 the rustandy building joined the engineering center to the koelbel building in order to increase collaboration with the school of business 35 norlin library edit norlin library until 1903 the library collection was housed with the rest of the school in old main the growing size of the library required a move as the weight of the books was causing physical damage to the floor the cornerstone for the first separate library building was laid in january 1903 and the building was opened in january 1904 when the new norlin library opened in 1940 the old library was turned over to the theatre department and was converted into classrooms and a theatre norlin library was the last building to be designed by klauder 36 there are two inscriptions on the western face of the building overlooking the norlin quadrangle both were composed by president norlin the larger inscription reads who knows only his own generation remains always a child based on a cicero quotation while the smaller inscription on the marble just over the door reads enter here the timeless fellowship of the human spirit macky auditorium edit macky auditorium macky auditorium is a large building on the north edge of the university of colorado campus near 17th street and university avenue which plays host to various talks plays and musical performances andrew j macky was a prominent businessman involved with the town of boulder in the late 19th century macky served as the president as well as a stockholder of the first national bank an institution founded by another early cu supporter lewis cheney macky is credited with a number of landmarks throughout boulder where he was a carpenter and involved in politics the auditorium opened its doors in 1923 thirteen years after construction started macky s adopted daughter may sued for a third of macky s estate a case that took thirteen years to settle may was angered that her father left her no money in his will while leaving 300 000 to cu for the hall s construction the university eventually won the case and the majority of critical construction on the building resumed the building has a variety of architectural elements from various buildings around the globe that president james baker cu s president at the turn of the 20th century admired the design of the auditorium is primarily neo gothic with the primary materials being sandstone and red tile like the rest of campus the result is a unique building with two large towers and sprawling ivy that sets itself apart from the rest of the cu campus macky was refurbished in 1986 with improved seating custom carpeting modern plumbing and an elevator the towers electronic bell system rings the hours during the day macky is the home of two departments both in the college of music the jazz studies department and the choral department the lobby art gallery is open to patrons during performances and to the general public at some other times during the week the auditorium with seating for 2 000 hosts almost all performances by the boulder philharmonic orchestra the artist series and the cu opera macky is also the home of many lectures including the annual conference on world affairs cwa opening keynote in some recent past years the venue has also hosted cwa panel discussions cinema interruptus movie screenings and the popular jazz concert university memorial center edit dalton trumbo fountain court behind the umc on july 13 2006 in 1947 colorado governor lee knous issued a proclamation to create a memorial to colorado s servicemen at the university of colorado boulder a proposal to house this memorial in a student union building resulted in a remarkable fundraising effort the university memorial center umc opened its doors in october 1953 with president robert stearns presiding over the ribbon cutting ceremony the umc quickly became the central landmark of the boulder campus a 1964 addition created a new bookstore conference facilities additional dining facilities and offices to house the rapidly growing student activities and organizations the expansion was financed through bonds granted by student fees the 1960s and 70s put the umc at the center of student activism as students staged strikes grape boycotts love ins sit ins and walk outs the umc fountain court now the dalton trumbo fountain court became a familiar sight to network television news watchers as the famous and notorious promoted their cause at cu boulder entertainers as diverse as ramsey lewis and the grateful dead have performed in the glenn miller ballroom the umc connection a student entertainment center in the basement is a more informal gathering place featuring pool tables and a small bowling alley it also features club 156 which hosts concerts from local and up and coming bands in 1986 students passed another bond issue to remodel the food services area the alferd packer grill gets its name from alferd packer a colorado prospector accused of cannibalism center for community edit the center for community also known as the c4c by students follows the distinct architecture guidelines of charles klauder and is a 323 000 square foot 30 000 m 2 facility 37 that is promised to be 20 percent to 25 percent more energy and water efficient compared to similar sized buildings 38 the facility was completed in september 2010 at a cost of 84 4 million 39 the building is originally bond financed through the cu treasurer and will be repaid through a combination of sources a large portion of the debt 47 4 million will be repaid by housing and dining services through room and board fees fees from permit and parking services will contribute as well the center also relies on 18 million in donations a goal which has not been achieved but has become a top fundraising priority for the university 38 the weather tech cafe the building houses offices of student services including campus card services disability services and career services among others these services have been relocated to the c4c from various locations around campus 38 for example career services was previously housed in the basement of the willard dormitory there is a 140 000 square foot 13 000 m 2 underground parking structure that contains approximately 365 to 375 parking spaces 40 student study areas are located on the upper floors and conference centers are open to campus and non campus affiliates throughout the building dining services edit the dining services offered within the c4c include a cu on the run grab n go the bakery a late night dining hub called the weather tech café open until 2 a m and finally a central dining facility this dining facility seats 900 and offers students up to nine specialty dining choices including persian asian latin sushi italian kosher a grill salad bars and desserts 41 overall the dining center is projected to serve around one million meals per year 38 recreation center edit in 1973 the student recreation center was built on the cu boulder s main campus by the architect james wallace 42 the funding to build the recreation center came entirely from student fees which also funded the expansions in 1990 and 2014 the recreation center features strength and cardio space basketball volleyball courts the only ice rink in boulder proper lap pool dive well fitness studios cycling rowing etc climbing gym turf gym and an iconic clarification needed outdoor pool in the shape of the cu boulder buffalo mascot it is currently about 300 000 square feet 28 000 m 2 and operates on a 5 million annual budget the center is co managed by the division of student affairs and cusg cu boulder s student government it is located on the northern edge of campus next to folsom field it is open seven days a week and on average 16 hours a day with most of its facilities available for use during those hours 43 mary rippon theatre edit the view from the back of the mary rippon theatre the mary rippon theatre is an outdoor theater and the site of many cultural events notably the colorado shakespeare festival the theatre was named after professor mary rippon the first female instructor at the university and one of the first female university instructors in the united states she taught english grammar german french and mathematics 44 old main old main edit old main is the oldest building on campus and previously served as the medical school for the university of colorado system 45 galleries edit norlin library features two art galleries several dedicated art spaces and artworks on display throughout the building the cu art museum features works of modern and contemporary art as well as historical artworks the museum s permanent collection includes over 5 000 works of art from numerous time periods and cultures the umc art gallery exhibits a variety of visual offerings ranging from student works created on campus to presentations of internationally recognized artists andrew j macky gallery showcases the work of both local and national artists and is housed in the historic macky auditorium museums edit university of colorado museum of natural history has one of the most extensive natural history collections in the rocky mountain and plains regions representing the disciplines of anthropology botany entomology paleontology and zoology it is located in the henderson building named after its first curator judge junius henderson and hosts the museum and field studies master s ms program the cu heritage center 46 tells the stories of cu boulder s past and present and is housed in old main the first building constructed on campus seven galleries exhibit art and memorabilia associated with cu faculty and alumni the fiske planetarium and science center features a 60 ft 18 m planetarium dome and produces laser shows live concerts and an ongoing series of public programs fiske also offers a hands on science museum with interactive exhibits and space themed art performing arts facilities edit the university of colorado boulder college 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