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iology and evolutionary psychology attempt to explain animal and human behavior and social structures largely in terms of evolutionarily stable strategies sociopathy chronic antisocial or criminal behavior may be a result of a combination of two such strategies 20 evolutionarily stable strategies were originally considered for biological evolution but they can apply to other contexts in fact there are stable states for a large class of adaptive dynamics as a result they can be used to explain human behaviours that lack any genetic influences see also edit antipredator adaptation behavioral ecology evolutionary psychology fitness landscape hawk dove game koinophilia sociobiology war of attrition game farsightedness game theory references edit 1 2 maynard smith j 1972 game theory and the evolution of fighting on evolution edinburgh university press isbn 0 85224 223 9 1 2 3 maynard smith j price g r 1973 the logic of animal conflict nature 246 5427 15 8 bibcode 1973natur 246 15s doi 10 1038 246015a0 maynard smith j 1974 the theory of games and the evolution of animal conflicts pdf journal of theoretical biology 47 1 209 21 bibcode 1974jthbi 47 209m doi 10 1016 0022 5193 74 90110 6 pmid 4459582 1 2 3 maynard smith john 1982 evolution and the theory of games cambridge university press isbn 0 521 28884 3 gadgil m 1972 male dimorphism as a consequence of sexual selection the american naturalist 106 951 574 580 parker g a 1970 the reproductive behaviour and the nature of sexual selection in scatophaga stercoraria l diptera scatophagidae ii the fertilization rate and the spatial and temporal relationships of each sex around the site of mating and oviposition the journal of animal ecology 205 228 shaw r f mohler j d 1953 the selective significance of the sex ratio the american naturalist 87 837 337 342 fretwell s d lucas h l 1970 on the territorial behaviour and other factors influencing habitat distribution in birds i theoretical development acta biotheor 19 16 36 doi 10 1007 bf01601953 trivers r l 1971 the evolution of reciprocal altruism the quarterly review of biology 46 1 35 57 macarthur r h 1965 waterman t horowitz h eds theoretical and mathematical biology new york blaisdell hamilton w d 1967 extraordinary sex ratios science 156 3774 477 88 bibcode 1967sci 156 477h doi 10 1126 science 156 3774 477 jstor 1721222 pmid 6021675 press release archived 2016 03 03 at the wayback machine for the 1999 crafoord prize alexander jason mckenzie 23 may 2003 evolutionary game theory stanford encyclopedia of philosophy retrieved 31 august 2007 harsanyi j 1973 oddness of the number of equilibrium points a new proof int j game theory 2 1 235 50 doi 10 1007 bf01737572 1 2 thomas b 1985 on evolutionarily stable sets j math biology 22 105 115 doi 10 1007 bf00276549 apaloo j brown j s vincent t l 2009 evolutionary game theory ess convergence stability and nis evolutionary ecology research 11 489 515 archived from the original on 2017 08 09 retrieved 2018 01 10 thomas b 1984 evolutionary stability states and strategies theor popul biol 26 1 49 67 bibcode 1984tpbio 26 49t doi 10 1016 0040 5809 84 90023 6 king oliver d masel joanna 1 december 2007 the evolution of bet hedging adaptations to rare scenarios theoretical population biology 72 4 560 575 bibcode 2007tpbio 72 560k doi 10 1016 j tpb 2007 08 006 pmc 2118055 pmid 17915273 axelrod robert 1984 the evolution of cooperation basic books isbn 0 465 02121 2 mealey l 1995 the sociobiology of sociopathy an integrated evolutionary model behavioral and brain sciences 18 3 523 99 doi 10 1017 s0140525x00039595 further reading edit weibull jörgen 1997 evolutionary game theory mit press isbn 978 0 262 73121 8 classic reference textbook hines w g s 1987 evolutionary stable strategies a review of basic theory theoretical population biology 31 2 195 272 bibcode 1987tpbio 31 195h doi 10 1016 0040 5809 87 90029 3 pmid 3296292 leyton brown kevin shoham yoav 2008 essentials of game theory a concise multidisciplinary introduction san rafael ca morgan claypool publishers isbn 978 1 59829 593 1 an 88 page mathematical introduction see section 3 8 free online archived 2000 08 15 at the wayback machine at many universities parker g a 1984 evolutionary stable strategies in behavioural ecology an evolutionary approach 2nd ed krebs j r davies n b eds pp 30 61 blackwell oxford shoham yoav leyton brown kevin 2009 multiagent systems algorithmic game theoretic and logical foundations new york cambridge university press isbn 978 0 521 89943 7 archived from the original on 2011 05 01 retrieved 2008 12 17 a comprehensive reference from a computational perspective see section 7 7 downloadable free online maynard smith john 1982 evolution and the theory of games isbn 0 521 28884 3 classic reference external links edit evolutionarily stable strategies at animal behavior an online textbook by michael d breed game theory and evolutionarily stable strategies kenneth n prestwich s site at college of the holy cross evolutionarily stable strategies knol archived https web archive org web 20091005015811 http knol google com k klaus rohde evolutionarily stable strategies and xk923bc3gp4 50 v t e game theory glossary game theorists games traditional game theory definitions asynchrony bayesian regret best response bounded rationality cheap talk coalition complete contract complete information complete mixing conjectural variation contingent cooperator coopetition cooperative game theory dynamic inconsistency escalation of commitment farsightedness game semantics hierarchy of beliefs incomplete information information set move by nature mutual knowledge non cooperative game non credible threat outcome perfect information perfect recall ply preference rationality sequential game simultaneous action selection spite strategic complements strategic dominance strategic form strategic interaction strategic move strategy subgame succinct game topological game tragedy of the commons uncorrelated asymmetry win win game zero sum game equilibrium bayes correlated berge correlated cursed epsilon gibbs equilibrium markov perfect mertens stable nash strong coalition proof perfect bayesian program proper quantal response quasi perfect satisfaction self confirming sequential subgame perfect trembling hand perfect related backward induction bayesian efficiency bayesian game bertrand edgeworth model core edgeworth price cycle incomplete contracts inequity aversion individual rationality iterated elimination of dominated strategies open loop model pareto efficiency payoff dominance price of anarchy rational agent rationalizable strategy shapley value strategies appeasement bargaining model of war bid shading cheap talk collusion commitment device de escalation deterrence escalation fictitious play focal point grim trigger hobbesian trap markov strategy max dominated strategy mixed strategy pure strategy tit for tat win stay lose switch games all pay auction battle of the sexes nash bargaining game bertrand competition blotto game centipede game coordination game cournot competition deadlock dictator game trust game diner s dilemma dollar auction el farol bar problem electronic mail game gift exchange game guess 2 3 of the average keynesian beauty contest kuhn poker lewis signaling game matching pennies obligationes optional prisoner s dilemma pirate game prisoner s dilemma public goods game rendezvous problem rock paper scissors stackelberg competition stag hunt traveler s dilemma ultimatum game volunteer s dilemma war of attrition theorems arrow s impossibility aumann s agreement brouwer fixed point competitive altruism folk gibbard satterthwaite gibbs glicksberg s kakutani fixed point kuhn s one shot deviation prim read rational ignorance rational irrationality sperner s zermelo s subfields algorithmic behavioral behavioral strategy compositional confrontation contract theory drama theory graphical heresthetic mean field negotiation theory quantum social software key people us alvin e roth david gale drew fudenberg eric maskin harold w kuhn herbert simon herbert scarf jennifer tour chayes kenneth arrow leonid hurwicz lloyd shapley martin shubik melvin dresher merrill m flood paul milgrom peyton young robert aumann robert axelrod robert b wilson roger myerson samuel bowles suzanne scotchmer thomas schelling william vickrey albert w tucker amos tversky antoine augustin cournot ariel rubinstein david k levine david m kreps donald b gillies hervé moulin jean tirole jean françois mertens ken binmore olga bondareva oskar morgenstern reinhard selten combinatorial game theory core concepts combinatorial explosion determinacy disjunctive sum first second player win game complexity game tree impartial game misère partisan game solved game sprague grundy theorem strategy stealing argument zugzwang games chess chomp clobber cram domineering hackenbush nim notakto subtract a square sylver coinage toads and frogs math tools mex nimber on numbers and games star surreal number winning ways for your mathematical plays search algorithms alpha beta pruning expectiminimax minimax monte carlo tree search negamax paranoid principal variation key people claude shannon john conway john von neumann evolutionary game theory core concepts bishop cannings theorem evolution and the theory of games evolutionarily stable set evolutionarily stable state evolutionarily stable strategy replicator equation risk dominance stochastically stable equilibrium weak evolutionarily stable strategy games chicken stag hunt applications cultural group selection fisher s principle mobbing terminal investment hypothesis key people john maynard smith george r price william donald hamilton robert axelrod mechanism design core concepts algorithmic mechanism design bayesian optimal mechanism incentive compatibility market design myerson ironing monotonicity participation constraint revelation principle strategyproofness vickrey clarke groves mechanism virtual valuation theorems myerson satterthwaite theorem revenue equivalence border s theorem applications digital goods auction knapsack auction truthful cake cutting other topics bertrand paradox chainstore paradox computational complexity of games helly metric multi agent system ppad complete mathematics portal game theory wikiproject game theory v t e evolutionary biology introduction outline timeline of evolution history of life index evolution abiogenesis adaptation adaptive radiation altruism cheating reciprocal baldwin effect cladistics coevolution mutualism common descent convergence divergence earliest known life forms evidence of evolution evolutionary arms race evolutionary pressure exaptation extinction event homology last universal common ancestor macroevolution microevolution mismatch non adaptive radiation origin of life panspermia parallel evolution pleiotropy signalling theory handicap principle speciation species species complex taxonomy tradeoff unit of selection gene centered view of evolution population genetics artificial selection biodiversity evolutionary invasion analysis evolutionarily stable strategy fisher s principle fitness inclusive gene flow kin selection inbreeding avoidance kin recognition parental investment parent offspring conflict mutation neutral evolution genetic drift population natural selection sexual dimorphism sexual selection flowering plants fungi mate choice social selection trivers willard hypothesis variation development canalisation evolutionary developmental biology genetic assimilation inversion modularity phenotypic plasticity of taxa bacteria birds origin brachiopods molluscs cephalopods dinosaurs fish fungi insects butterflies life mammals cats canids wolves dogs hyenas dolphins and whales horses kangaroos primates humans lemurs sea cows plants pollinator mediated reptiles spiders tetrapods viruses of organs cell dna flagella eukaryotes symbiogenesis chromosome endomembrane system mitochondria nucleus plastids in animals eye hair auditory ossicle nervous system brain of processes aging antagonistic pleiotropy death programmed cell death avian flight biological complexity cooperation color vision in primates emotion empathy ethics eusociality immune system metabolism monogamy morality mosaic evolution multicellularity sexual reproduction gamete differentiation sexes life cycles nuclear phases mating types meiosis sex determination red queen hypothesis snake venom tempo and modes deep time gradualism punctuated equilibrium saltationism micromutation macromutation uniformitarianism catastrophism speciation allopatric anagenesis catagenesis cladogenesis cospeciation ecological hybrid non ecological parapatric peripatric reinforcement sympatric history scientific revolution and enlightenment transmutation of species david hume dialogues concerning natural religion erasmus darwin romanticism s contributions charles darwin on the origin of species history of paleontology transitional fossil blending inheritance mendelian inheritance the eclipse of darwinism neo darwinism modern synthesis history of molecular evolution extended evolutionary synthesis philosophy darwinism alternatives catastrophism lamarckism orthogenesis mutationism saltationism structuralism spandrel theistic vitalism teleology in biology teleonomy related biogeography ecological genetics evolutionary medicine group selection cultural evolution cultural group selection dual inheritance theory vicar of bray hypothesis hologenome theory of evolution hybrid missing heritability problem molecular evolution astrobiology phylogenetics tree polymorphism protocell systematics transgenerational epigenetic inheritance category portal v t e evolutionary psychology history evolutionary thought theoretical foundations adaptationism cognitive revolution cognitivism gene selection theory modern synthesis criticism evolutionary processes acquired characteristics adaptations altruism cheating hamiltonian spite reciprocal baldwin effect by products evolutionarily stable strategy exaptation fitness inclusive kin selection inbreeding avoidance kin recognition parental investment parent offspring conflict mismatch natural selection sexual selection costly signaling male female intrasexual competition mate choice sexual dimorphism social selection species typical behavior areas cognition emotion affect display display rules facial expression behavioral modernity cognitive module modularity of mind adaptive unconscious unconscious cognition automatic and controlled processes cognitive specialization computational theory of mind domain generality domain specificity learning dual process theory cognitive tradeoff hypothesis evolution of the brain evolution of nervous systems fight or flight response arachnophobia basophobia ophidiophobia folk biology taxonomy folk psychology theory of mind intelligence flynn effect wason selection task motor control skill multitasking numerical cognition number sense approximate number system parallel individuation system sleep...
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