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e 5 deputy of the chamber 1820 1827 and afterwards 6 notes 7 works by viénot de vaublanc 8 additional bibliography 9 external links toggle the table of contents vincent marie viénot count of vaublanc 18 languages العربية مصرى català čeština dansk deutsch español فارسی suomi français magyar italiano polski português română русский svenska türkçe edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia french count 1756 1845 vaublanc redirects here for this person s brother see jean baptiste bernard viénot de vaublanc vincent marie viénot de vaublanc minister of the interior in office 26 september 1815 7 may 1816 monarch louis xviii preceded by étienne denis baron pasquier succeeded by joseph vicomte lainé personal details born 1756 03 02 2 march 1756 fort dauphin saint domingue died 21 august 1845 1845 08 21 aged 89 paris kingdom of france party friends of the monarchist constitution 1789 1791 feuillants club 1791 1793 clichy club 1794 1797 independent 1797 1815 ultra royalist 1815 1830 legitimist 1830 1845 spouse mademoiselle de fontenelle vincent marie viénot de vaublanc 1st baron viénot de vaublanc and of the empire 1 french vɛ̃sɑ̃maʁi vjeno d ə voblɑ̃ 2 march 1756 21 august 1845 known as the count de vaublanc comte de vaublanc kɔ̃t d ə voblɑ̃ 2 ai retrieved source 3 was a french royalist politician official writer and artist he was a deputy for the seine et marne department in the french legislative assembly served as president of the same body and from 26 september 1815 to 7 may 1816 he was minister of the interior his political career had him rubbing shoulders with louis xvi napoleon the count of artois the future charles x and finally louis xviii he was banished and recalled four times by different regimes never arrested succeeding each time in regaining official favour in a long and eventful career he was successively a monarchist deputy during the revolution and under the directoire an exile during the terror a deputy under napoleon minister of the interior to louis xviii and eventually at the end of his political career a simple ultra royalist deputy he is remembered now for the fiery eloquence of his speeches and for his controversial reorganisation of the académie française in 1816 while minister of the interior a man of order he was a moderate supporter of the revolution of 1789 and ended his political life under the restoration as a radical counterrevolutionary military education under the ancien régime edit coat of arms of the vaublanc family born and raised at fort dauphin saint domingue now fort liberté haiti into an aristocratic family from burgundy he was the eldest son of vivant françois viénot de vaublanc commanding officer of fort saint louis in fort dauphin he saw metropolitan france for the first time at the age of seven after military education at the prytanée national militaire in la flèche and at the école militaire in paris from 1770 to 1774 he was decorated with the order of saint lazarus before he had even set foot outside the school by the comte de provence the future louis xviii grand master of the order he was admitted as second lieutenant to the régiment de la sarre which was controlled by the duc de liancourt from 1776 to 1782 and in which his uncle charles was lieutenant colonel he was garrisoned successively at metz at rouen and at lille before obtaining lettres de service for saint domingue to attend to family affairs 4 there he married one mademoiselle de fontenelle and returned to france in 1782 with a daughter he purchased the office of lieutenant des maréchaux de france for dammarie les lys near melun and a house in the region giving his profession as gentleman farmer the responsibility of his station was to act as arbiter in legal disputes which involved points of honour and this permitted him to make the acquaintance of a number of aristocrats in the region it also gave him the time to study agriculture literature and the arts political career during the french revolution edit convocation of the french states general 1789 1791 edit seduced at first by the new ideas of the revolution he threw himself into a political career by becoming an aristocratic member of the bailliage of melun in 1789 he was elected secretary of this assembly under its president m de gouy d arcy grand bailli of melun a fellow member of the famous explorer louis antoine de bougainville the assembly was assigned the task of drawing up a list of grievances to be submitted to the king and naming a deputy to the states general vaublanc supported fréteau de saint just an elected député de la noblesse for the bailliage of melun who was to become a member of the national constituent assembly 5 in 1790 vaublanc became a member and later president of the conseil général of seine et marne this gave him the right to preside over the administrative directory of this département 6 losing ground to the jacobins under the legislative assembly 1791 edit after the dissolution of the constituent assembly the electoral colleges reconvened to elect new deputies vaublanc was elected president of that of seine et marne on 1 september 1791 he was elected deputy of seine et marne at the legislative assembly the eighth out of eleven by 273 votes out of 345 7 he was one of the few to have any political experience notably on the question of the antilles in an assembly composed essentially of political novices faithful to their promises not one former member of the constituent assembly had been admitted a leader of the club des feuillants 1791 1792 edit from this point on he took the name of viénot vaublanc which he retained until the end of the first empire in 1814 from the very moment of his appearance he made himself conspicuous by delivering a speech which denounced the humiliating terms on which louis xvi was to be received by the assembly the next day 8 9 as a result of these statements he was elected president from 15 november to 28 november 1791 by the assembly the majority of whom were royalist 10 louis xvi on 29 november vaublanc was assigned the task of composing a message to the king asking him to withdraw his veto of the decree of 9 november a decree designed to slow the massive emigrations then encouraged by the priests and the nobility by threatening reprisals against german princes who continued to offer refuge to the armies of french noblemen such as those of the comte d artois and of the prince of condé the assembly was so pleased with his work that they asked him to read it to the king personally louis xvi replied that he would take the request into serious consideration and several days later personally announced his decision on the matter on this occasion vaublanc made a name for himself by informing the assembly that the king had made the first bow and he had only returned the gesture 11 the anecdote reveals the shift in constitutional forces the legislative power embodied in the legislative assembly was clearly ascendant over the executive embodied in louis xvi who was now no more than the king of the french or roi des français vaublanc now sided with the constitutional monarchists and joined the amis de la constitution dubbed the club des feuillants with 263 other colleagues out of the 745 deputies he became one of its principal figures along with jacques claude beugnot mathieu dumas and jaucourt after the departure of barnave and c lameth he vigorously opposed revolutionary governments and was characterised by his loyalty to the king his opposition to repressive measures against rebellious priests and to laws confiscating the goods of émigrés and his denunciation of the massacres at avignon debate became steadily more extreme the crowds attending these debates often shouted at him as they did at charles de lacretelle à la lanterne 12 nicolas de condorcet his hostile colleague in the legislative assembly in 1791 said of him there are at all meetings these noisy air headed orators who produce a great effect through the constant repetition of redundant inanities 13 brissot one of the chief girondists in the legislative assembly nicknamed him le chef des bicaméristes 14 the fall of the monarchy 1792 edit in 1792 he defended the comte de rochambeau before the assembly and obtained his acquittal following the majority of the assembly who sought to abolish slavery in the antilles he nevertheless took aim in a speech of 20 march at those hardline abolitionists like brissot who knew little of life in the colonies and of the risks of civil war given the diversity of ethnicities and social conflicts in saint domingue he supported the law of 4 april 1792 which granted citizenship to all coloured men and free negroes at the meeting of 10 april he declared himself in favour of the progressive abolition of the slave trade throughout the colonies following the examples of denmark and great britain on 3 may 1792 he supported the proposition of beugnot which provoked an accusatory decree from marat and the abbé royou and on 8 may at the assembly he addressed the jacobins in these terms you wish sirs to save the constitution and yet you cannot do so without beating down factions and the factious without setting everything besides the rule of law to one side without dying with the law and for the law and i declare that i shall not be the last who shall die with you in order to see it preserved believe it sirs 15 on 18 june he was elected a member of the commission des douze committee of twelve created by marat to examine the state of france and to propose means of preserving the constitution liberty and the empire he gave his resignation on 30 july the defence of la fayette edit following the events of 20 june 1792 la fayette arrived in paris on 28 june hoping to convince the king to leave in order to head the armies assembled in the north at the head of the national guard he tried to close down the political clubs but his attempt failed partly because of the court s refusal to support him in reaction to this the left wing of the assembly decided to charge lafayette with treason on 8 august 1792 ill at ease and shocked by the course of events vaublanc delivered a speech before the assembly in which he defended vigorously and courageously against the lively opposition of the jacobins who dominated the assembly and of the man in the street general la fayette who stood accused of violating the constitution he later claimed to have succeeded with the help of quatremère de quincy in rallying 200 undecided deputies to his position la fayette was acquitted by 406 votes out of 630 16 on departure vaublanc and about thirty other deputies were threatened insulted and jostled by the hostile crowd which had attended the debate some deputies even took refuge in the guardroom of the royal palace later exiting through the windows hippolyte taine wrote after the principal defender of la fayette m de vaublanc had been assaulted three times he took the precaution of not immediately returning home but the rabble besieged his house shouting that eighty citizens must die by their hands and that he should be the first twelve men climbed to his apartment ransacked it and continued the search in neighbouring houses hoping for members of his family if he himself could not be seized he was informed that if he returned to his domicile he would be slaughtered as a result on 9 august vaublanc asked for the removal of the fédérés and marseillais the request was rejected by a majority of the assembly 17 10 august edit on 10 august 1792 the day that marked the downfall of the legislative assembly and the monarchy at the hands of the paris commune he witnessed from his carriage the toppling of the statue of louis xiv in what is now the place vendôme he enjoined the assembly to leave paris for royalist rouen to escape the revolutionary pressures and he avoided an assassination attempt when he was narrowly saved from a sabre cut by a young officer of genius captain louis bertrand de sivray who was to make a name for himself as general he was one of the eyewitnesses of the arrival of the royal family who after the march on the tuileries placed themselves under the protection of the legislative assembly at the place du carrousel the incident is described in his memoirs 18 exiled during the convention and the reign of terror 1792 1795 edit the second volume of his memoirs provides insight into the general atmosphere at the time of the terror as felt by an aristocratic royalist who was at risk of being arrested at any moment and finishing up on the scaffold and yet forced to travel back and forth over the territory of the brand new french republic on the evening of 10 august he was obliged to take refuge at the home of armand gaston camus the assembly s archivist several days later he moved to the hotel strasbourg on the rue neuve saint eustache on 3 september 1792 hearing a commotion in the courtyard he thought himself betrayed but it was in fact the passage of a rabble brandishing the head of the princesse de lamballe on a pole main article paris commune french revolution the committee of public safety newly established published a decree in which it was revealed that he was on the list of outlaws drawn up by the municipality of paris this forced him to leave the city first for normandy where he reunited with his family then for his country house at bélombres near melun he lived in hiding for several months it was there that he learnt that the newspaper gorsas accused him among others of having accepted 300 000 francs from the queen for the purpose of organising the counter revolution in provence and that he met with them secretly the law of suspects went to the vote on 17 september 1793 his name appeared within a revolutionary detachment came and ransacked his house and he fled by the highways entirely on foot throwing himself on the mercy of chance he wandered from inn to inn entering he later wrote every town in a terror of being recognised especially when going to local authorities in order to get his passport stamped at the trial of marie antoinette on 14 october and 16 october 1793 his name appeared next to that of jaucourt in the papers of the prosecutors opting at first for the south of france and bordeaux in particular he changed direction after having learnt of the ferocious oppression led there by tallien the convention s representative and the dangers that travel in those regions entailed he passed through poitiers and la rochelle where he stayed for one month wishing to avoid taking the risk of enlisting in the national guard where he could well be recognised he feigned illness and...
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