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ain thrust at um katef was stalled due to mines and craters after idf engineers had cleared a path by 4 00 pm israeli and egyptian tanks engaged in fierce combat often at ranges as close as ten yards the battle ended in an israeli victory with 40 egyptian and 19 israeli tanks destroyed meanwhile israeli infantry finished clearing out the egyptian trenches with israeli casualties standing at 14 dead and 41 wounded and egyptian casualties at 300 dead and 100 taken prisoner 126 other israeli forces further south on 5 june the 8th armored brigade under colonel albert mandler initially positioned as a ruse to draw off egyptian forces from the real invasion routes attacked the fortified bunkers at kuntilla a strategically valuable position whose capture would enable mandler to block reinforcements from reaching um katef and to join sharon s upcoming attack on nakhl the defending egyptian battalion outnumbered and outgunned fiercely resisted the attack hitting several israeli tanks most of the defenders were killed and only three egyptian tanks one of them damaged survived by nightfall mandler s forces had taken kuntilla 117 with the exceptions of rafah and khan yunis israeli forces had initially avoided entering the gaza strip israeli defense minister moshe dayan had expressly forbidden entry into the area after palestinian positions in gaza opened fire on the negev settlements of nirim and kissufim idf chief of staff yitzhak rabin overrode dayan s instructions and ordered the 11th mechanized brigade under colonel yehuda reshef to enter the strip the force was immediately met with heavy artillery fire and fierce resistance from palestinian forces and remnants of the egyptian forces from rafah citation needed by sunset the israelis had taken the strategically vital ali muntar ridge overlooking gaza city but were beaten back from the city itself some 70 israelis were killed along with israeli journalist ben oyserman and american journalist paul schutzer twelve members of unef were also killed on the war s second day 6 june the israelis were bolstered by the 35th paratroopers brigade under colonel rafael eitan and took gaza city along with the entire strip the fighting was fierce and accounted for nearly half of all israeli casualties on the southern front gaza rapidly fell to the israelis citation needed meanwhile on 6 june two israeli reserve brigades under yoffe each equipped with 100 tanks penetrated the sinai south of tal s division and north of sharon s capturing the road junctions of abu ageila bir lahfan and arish taking all of them before midnight two egyptian armored brigades counterattacked and a fierce battle took place until the following morning the egyptians were beaten back by fierce resistance coupled with airstrikes sustaining heavy tank losses they fled west towards jabal libni 127 the egyptian army during the ground fighting remnants of the egyptian air force attacked israeli ground forces but took losses from the israeli air force and from israeli anti aircraft units throughout the last four days egyptian aircraft flew 150 sorties against israeli units in the sinai citation needed many of the egyptian units remained intact and could have tried to prevent the israelis from reaching the suez canal or engaged in combat in the attempt to reach the canal but when the egyptian field marshal abdel hakim amer heard about the fall of abu ageila he panicked and ordered all units in the sinai to retreat this order effectively meant the defeat of egypt citation needed meanwhile president nasser having learned of the results of the israeli air strikes decided together with field marshal amer to order a general retreat from the sinai within 24 hours no detailed instructions were given concerning the manner and sequence of withdrawal 128 next fighting days this section needs more citations please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed june 2017 learn how and when to remove this message the capture of sinai 7 8 june 1967 a newsreel from 6 june about the first israeli egyptian fighting an israeli gunboat passes through the straits of tiran near sharm el sheikh as egyptian columns retreated israeli aircraft and artillery attacked them israeli jets used napalm bombs during their sorties the attacks destroyed hundreds of vehicles and caused heavy casualties at jabal libni retreating egyptian soldiers were fired upon by their own artillery at bir gafgafa the egyptians fiercely resisted advancing israeli forces knocking out three tanks and eight half tracks and killing 20 soldiers due to the egyptians retreat the israeli high command decided not to pursue the egyptian units but rather to bypass and destroy them in the mountainous passes of west sinai citation needed therefore on the next two days 6 and 7 june all three israeli divisions sharon and tal were reinforced by an armored brigade each rushed westward and reached the passes sharon s division first went southward then westward via an nakhl to mitla pass with air support it was joined there by parts of yoffe s division while its other units blocked the gidi pass these passes became killing grounds for the egyptians who ran right into waiting israeli positions and suffered heavy losses in both soldiers and vehicles according to egyptian diplomat mahmoud riad 10 000 men were killed in a day and many others died of thirst tal s units stopped at various points to the length of the suez canal citation needed israel s blocking action was partially successful only the gidi pass was captured before the egyptians approached it but at other places egyptian units managed to pass through and cross the canal to safety due to the haste of the egyptian retreat soldiers often abandoned weapons military equipment and hundreds of vehicles many egyptian soldiers were cut off from their units had to walk about 200 kilometres 120 mi on foot before reaching the suez canal with limited supplies of food and water and were exposed to intense heat thousands died as a result many egyptian soldiers chose instead to surrender to the israelis who eventually exceeded their capabilities to provide for prisoners as a result they began directing soldiers toward the suez canal and imprisoned only high ranking officers who were expected to be exchanged for captured israeli pilots citation needed according to some accounts during the egyptian retreat from the sinai a unit of soviet marines based on a soviet warship in port said at the time came ashore and attempted to cross the suez canal eastward the soviet force was reportedly decimated by an israeli air attack and lost 17 dead and 34 wounded among the wounded was the commander lieutenant colonel victor shevchenko 43 during the offensive the israeli navy landed six combat divers from the shayetet 13 naval commando unit to infiltrate alexandria harbor the divers sank an egyptian minesweeper before being taken prisoner shayetet 13 commandos also infiltrated port said harbor but found no ships there a planned commando raid against the syrian navy never materialized both egyptian and israeli warships made movements at sea to intimidate the other side throughout the war but did not engage each other israeli warships and aircraft hunted for egyptian submarines throughout the war citation needed on 7 june israel began its attack on sharm el sheikh the israeli navy started the operation with a probe of egyptian naval defenses an aerial reconnaissance flight found that the area was less defended than originally thought around 4 30 a m three israeli missile boats opened fire on egyptian shore batteries while paratroopers and commandos boarded helicopters and nord noratlas transport planes for an assault on al tur as chief of staff rabin was convinced it was too risky to land them directly in sharm el sheikh 129 the city had been largely abandoned the day before and reports from air and naval forces finally convinced rabin to divert the aircraft to sharm el sheikh there the israelis engaged in a pitched battle with the egyptians and took the city killing 20 egyptian soldiers and taking eight more prisoners at 12 15 p m dayan announced that the straits of tiran constituted an international waterway open to all ships without restriction 129 on 8 june israel completed the capture of the sinai by sending infantry units to ras sudar on the western coast of the peninsula several tactical elements made the swift israeli advance possible the surprise attack that quickly gave the israeli air force complete air superiority over the egyptian air force the determined implementation of an innovative battle plan the lack of coordination among egyptian troops these factors also proved to be decisive elements on israel s other fronts citation needed west bank the jordan salient 5 7 june egyptian control of jordanian forces king hussein gave of his army to egypt on 1 june on which date egyptian general riad arrived in amman to take control of the jordanian military c egyptian field marshal amer used the confusion of the conflict s first hours to cable to amman that he was victorious he claimed as evidence a radar sighting of a squadron of israeli aircraft returning from bombing raids in egypt which he said was an egyptian aircraft en route to attack israel 131 in this cable sent shortly before 9 00 a m riad was ordered to attack d initial attack one of the jordanian brigades stationed in the west bank was sent to the hebron area to link with the egyptians the idf s strategic plan was to remain on the defensive along the jordanian front to enable focus in the expected campaign against egypt intermittent machine gun exchanges began taking place in jerusalem at 9 30 a m and the fighting gradually escalated as the jordanians introduced mortar and recoilless rifle fire on general narkis s orders the israelis responded only with small arms fire firing in a flat trajectory to avoid hitting civilians holy sites or the old city at 10 00 a m on 5 june the jordanian army began shelling israel two batteries of 155 mm long tom cannons opened fire on the suburbs of tel aviv and ramat david airbase the commanders of these batteries were instructed to lay a two hour barrage against military and civilian settlements in central israel some shells hit the outskirts of tel aviv 133 by 10 30 a m eshkol had sent king hussein a message via odd bull promising not to initiate any action against jordan if it stayed out of the war 134 hussein replied that it was too late and the die was cast 135 at 11 15 a m jordanian howitzers began a 6 000 shell barrage at israeli jerusalem the jordanians initially targeted kibbutz ramat rachel in the south and mount scopus in the north then ranged into the city center and outlying neighborhoods military installations the prime minister s residence and the knesset compound were also targeted jordanian forces shelled the beit hanassi and the biblical zoo killing 15 civilians 136 137 israeli civilian casualties totalled 20 dead and over 1 000 wounded some 900 buildings were damaged including hadassah ein kerem hospital which had its chagall made windows destroyed 138 around midday eight iraqi hawker hunters attacked the kfar sirkin airfield destroying a noratlas transport aircraft and a piper super cub four jordanian hunters also hit a factory hall in netanya killing one civilian and wounding seven 139 israeli cabinet meets when the israeli cabinet convened to decide on a plan of action yigal allon and menahem begin argued that this was an opportunity to take the old city of jerusalem but eshkol decided to defer any decision until moshe dayan and yitzhak rabin could be consulted 140 uzi narkiss made proposals for military action including the capture of latrun but the cabinet turned him down dayan rejected multiple requests from narkiss for permission to mount an infantry assault towards mount scopus but sanctioned some limited retaliatory actions 141 initial response shortly before 12 30 p m the israeli air force attacked jordan s two airbases the hawker hunters were refueling at the time of the attack the israeli aircraft attacked in two waves the first cratered the runways and knocked out the control towers and the second destroyed all 21 of jordan s hawker hunter fighters six transport aircraft and two helicopters one israeli jet was shot down by ground fire 141 three israeli vautours also attacked h 3 an airfield in western iraq used by the iraqi air force during the attack three mig 21s one hunter one de havilland dove and one antonov an 12 were destroyed on the ground they also damaged the runway although it was repaired by the next morning 139 the jordanian radar facility at ajloun was also destroyed in an israeli airstrike 141 israeli fouga magister jets attacked the jordanian 40th brigade with rockets as it moved south from the damia bridge dozens of tanks were knocked out and a convoy of 26 trucks carrying ammunition was destroyed in jerusalem israel responded to jordanian shelling with a missile strike that devastated jordanian positions the israelis used the l missile a surface to surface missile developed jointly with france in secret 141 the next morning three iraqi hawker hunters attacked a group of tanks in the process of refueling next to the road between nazareth and haifa an iraqi tupolev tu 16 also bombed a military installation 10 kilometers southeast of afula killing two israeli soldiers while another attacked netanya and ramat david airbase before being shot down near the megiddo airfield the aircraft crashed into a military storage complex hidden in a forest killing its crew and 16 israeli soldiers 142 four israeli vautours escorted by two mirages re attacked the h 3 airfield resulting in one hunter crashing on take off and a hunter and a mig 21 being damaged in air combat 143 on 7 june four vautours escorted by four mirages attacked the h 3 airfield for the third time this resulted in an air combat with hunters piloted by iraqis as well as a jordanian and pakistani pilot saiful azam one iraqi hunter was shot down and its pilot killed while the israelis lost two vautours and one mirage with three crewmen dead and two taken prisoner 142 jordanian battalion at government house israeli paratroopers flush out jordanian soldiers from trenches during the battle of ammunition hill a jordanian battalion advanced up government house ridge and dug in at the perimeter of government house the headquarters of the united nations observers 144 145 146 and opened fire on ramat rachel the allenby barracks and the jewish section of abu tor with mortars and recoilless rifles un observers fiercely protested the incursion into the neutral zone and several manhandled a jordanian machine gun out of government house after the crew had set it up in a second floor window after the jordanians occupied jabel mukaber an advance patrol was sent out and approached ramat rachel where they came 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