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2012 hua ling hu american goddess at the rape of nanking the courage of minnie vautrin 2000 p 97 eftekhari 2004 p 7 de brouwer 2010 p 19 fielding 2012 p 25 card 2008 pp 176 189 allen 1996 p 131 vetlesen 2005 pp 196 200 russell brown 2003 p 1 mazurana et al 2021 bibliography main article bibliography of genocide studies allen beverly 1996 rape warfare the hidden genocide in bosnia herzegovina and croatia university of minnesota press isbn 978 0816628186 bisaz corsin 2012 the concept of group rights in international law groups as contested right holders subjects and legal persons martinus nijhoff isbn 978 9004228702 brownmiller susan 1975 against our will men women and rape simon schuster isbn 978 0 449 90820 4 card claudia 2008 the paradox of genocidal rape aimed at enforced pregnancy the southern journal of philosophy s1 46 176 189 doi 10 1111 j 2041 6962 2008 tb00162 x de brouwer anne marie 2010 introduction in anne marie de brouwer sandra ka hon chu ed the men who killed me rwandan survivors of sexual violence douglas mcintyre isbn 978 1553653103 derderian katharine 2005 common fate different experience gender specific aspects of the armenian genocide 1915 1917 holocaust and genocide studies 19 1 1 25 doi 10 1093 hgs dci001 pmid 20684092 eftekhari shiva 2004 rwanda struggling to survive barriers to justice for rape victims in rwanda human rights watch fielding leila 2012 female génocidaires what was the nature and motivations for hutu female grin verlag isbn 978 3656324409 fisher siobhán k 1996 occupation of the womb forced impregnation as genocide duke law journal 46 1 91 133 doi 10 2307 1372967 jstor 1372967 gaunt david atto naures barthoma soner a 2017 let them not return sayfo the genocide against the assyrian syriac and chaldean christians in the ottoman empire berghahn books isbn 9781785334993 ghadbian najib 2002 political islam inclusion or violence in kent worcester sally a bermanzohn mark ungar eds violence and politics globalization s paradox routledge isbn 978 0 415 93111 3 joeden forgey elisa von 2010 gender and genocide in donald bloxham a dirk moses ed the oxford handbook of genocide studies oxford university press isbn 978 0199232116 jones adam 2006 genocide a comprehensive introduction routledge isbn 978 0415353847 leaning jennifer bartels susan mowafi hani 2009 sexual violence during war and forced migration in susan forbes martin john tirman ed women migration and conflict breaking a deadly cycle springer pp 173 199 isbn 978 9048128242 miller sarah clark 2009 atrocity harm and resistance in andrea veltman kathryn norlock ed evil political violence and forgiveness essays in honor of claudia card lexington pp 53 76 isbn 978 0739136508 mackinnon catharine a 2006 genocide rape is different than war rape center on law globalization archived from the original on 19 september 2015 mazurana dyan mekonen hayelom k conley bridget de waal alex burns delia 10 august 2021 what rape as a weapon of war in tigray really means world peace foundation archived from the original on 27 october 2021 retrieved 20 november 2021 morris benny ze evi dror 24 april 2019 the thirty year genocide turkey s destruction of its christian minorities harvard university press isbn 9780674916456 mookherjee nayanika 2012 mass rape and the inscription of gendered and racial domination during the bangladesh war of 1971 in raphaelle branche fabrice virgili eds rape in wartime palgrave macmillan isbn 978 0 230 36399 1 poloni staudinger lori ortbals candice d 2012 rape as a weapon of war and genocide terrorism and violent conflict women s agency leadership and responses springer isbn 978 1461456407 riedel bruce o 2011 deadly embrace pakistan america and the future of the global jihad brookings institution isbn 978 0 8157 0557 4 rothe dawn 2009 state criminality the crime of all crimes lexington books isbn 978 0739126721 russell brown sherrie l 2003 rape as an act of genocide berkeley journal of international law 21 2 archived from the original on 3 september 2017 retrieved 14 august 2013 saikia yasmin 2011b war as history humanity in violence women men and memories of 1971 east pakistan bangladesh in elizabeth d heineman ed sexual violence in conflict zones from the ancient world to the era of human rights university of pennsylvania press pp 152 170 isbn 978 0 8122 4318 5 sajjad tazreena 2012 the post genocidal period and its impact on women in samuel totten ed plight and fate of women during and following genocide reprint ed transaction pp 219 248 isbn 978 1412847599 sharlach lisa 2000 rape as genocide bangladesh the former yugoslavia and rwanda new political science 1 22 89 102 doi 10 1080 713687893 s2cid 144966485 smith roger w 2013 genocide and the politics of rape in joyce apsel ernesto verdeja ed genocide matters ongoing issues and emerging perspectives routledge pp 82 105 isbn 978 0415814966 smith spark laura 8 december 2004 how did rape become a weapon of war british broadcasting corporation retrieved 29 december 2013 totten samuel bartrop paul r 2007 dictionary of genocide greenwood isbn 978 0313329678 vetlesen arne johan 2005 evil and human agency understanding collective evildoing cambridge university press isbn 978 0521673570 yacoub joseph 2016 year of the sword the assyrian christian genocide a history oxford university press isbn 9780190633462 further reading askin kelly dawn 1997 war crimes against women prosecution in international war crimes tribunals martinus nijhoff publishers isbn 978 90 411 0486 1 ruby reid cunningham allison 2008 rape as a weapon of genocide genocide studies and prevention 3 3 279 296 doi 10 3138 gsp 3 3 279 s2cid 146514994 schott robin may 2011 war rape natality and genocide journal of genocide research 13 1 2 5 21 doi 10 1080 14623528 2011 559111 pmid 21941691 s2cid 23484933 v t e genocide genocides chronological list before 1490 destruction of carthage 146 bce asiatic vespers 88 bce gauls 50s bce eburones bar kokhba 132 136 ancestral puebloans 800s harrying of the north 1069 1070 mongol conquests 1200s 1360s cathars 1209 1229 mongols in the delhi sultanate 1311 timurid conquests 1393 1394 guanches 1402 1496 1490 to 1912 taíno 1493 1550 jaragua massacre 1503 ainu 1500s indigenous peoples in brazil 11th parallel massacre 1963 tanaru 1970s 2009 helmet massacre 1988 akuntsu 1990 haximu 1993 yanomami 2019 2023 aztecs 1521 kashmiri shias 1548 1872 huguenots 1572 kalinago 1626 indigenous peoples in the united states pequots 1636 1638 beaver wars 1609 1701 huron sullivan expedition 1779 indian removal 1830 1847 trail of tears 1830 1850 california 1846 1873 dakota 1862 osage indian murders 1918 1931 cultural genocide indigenous peoples in canada beaver wars 1609 1701 beothuk 1700s 1800s residential school system 1874 1996 jews in the cossack hetmanate 1648 1657 1740 batavia massacre 1740 great gypsy round up 1749 dzungars 1750s rebellion of túpac amaru ii 1780 1783 chechens 1785 2017 french hatians 1804 meiteis 1819 1826 indigenous peoples in australia black war 1825 1832 stolen generations 1869 1977 missing and murdered indigenous women pacification of algeria 1830 1875 el ouffia charrúa 1831 moriori 1835 assyrians in hakkari 1843 1846 manchus 1850 1864 circassians 1860s mapuche 1870s 1884 indigenous peoples in putumayo 1879 1913 congolese 1885 1908 hazaras 1888 1893 selknam 1890s 1900s hamidian massacres 1894 1896 herero and nama 1904 1907 ukame 1905 1907 persecution of muslims during the ottoman contraction albanians in the balkan wars 1912 1913 1913 to 1945 late ottoman genocides greeks 1913 1923 pontic greeks thracian bulgarians 1913 assyrians 1915 1919 armenians 1915 1917 christians in diyarbekir 1915 kurds 1916 1934 indigenous peoples in venezuela pemon kyrgyz 1916 1917 jews during the russian civil war 1917 1920 russian white terror cossacks 1919 1933 ingrian finns 1920s 1930s volga tatars and germans 1921 1922 kantō massacre 1923 napalpí massacre 1924 swiss yenish sinti and manouche 1926 1973 japanese war crimes in the pacific war manchukuo 1931 1945 nanjing massacre 1937 1938 three alls policy 1940 1942 sook ching 1942 nanshitou massacre 1942 1945 libyan arabs 1929 1934 kazakhs 1930 1933 la matanza 1932 holodomor 1932 1933 simele massacre 1933 romani holocaust 1935 1945 spanish white terror 1936 1947 yekatit 12 1937 polish operation 1937 1938 alevi kurds 1937 1938 parsley massacre 1937 generalplan ost 1939 1945 poland baltic lands croatia czech lands ukraine hunger plan the holocaust 1941 1945 german atrocities committed against soviet pows 1941 1945 serbs in croatia 1941 1945 muslims and croats in yugoslavia 1941 1945 chechens and ingush 1944 1948 crimean tatars 1944 1948 1946 to 1999 sikhs and hindus in rawalpindi 1947 hyderabadi muslims 1948 sixties scoop 1951 1985 missing and murdered indigenous women indigenous peoples in paraguay 1956 1989 maya 1962 1996 papua 1962 arab and indian zanzibaris 1964 igbos 1966 biafra 1966 1970 equatoguinean 1969 1979 feyli kurds 1970 2003 bangladesh 1971 acholi and lango 1972 1979 burundi 1972 1993 east timor 1974 1999 cambodian 1975 1979 jummas 1977 1997 afghans 1979 1989 baganda 1981 1985 iran massacres 1981 1982 1988 hama massacre 1982 sabra and shatila massacre 1982 sri lankan tamils 1983 2009 gukurahundi 1983 1987 anfal 1986 1989 isaaq 1987 1989 national population program 1987 2002 ahwaris 1991 2003 bosnian 1992 1995 srebrenica massacre rwandan 1994 hutus during the first congo war 1996 1997 21st century effacer le tableau 2002 2003 indigenous darfuris 2003 2005 2023 masalits 2023 el fasher massacre iraqi sunni arabs 2003 iraqi turkmen 2014 2017 yazidis 2014 2017 shias under isis 2014 christians under isis 2014 rohingyas kachins and other burmese muslims 2017 tigrayans kunamas and irobs 2020 2022 ukrainians 2022 bucha massacre gaza genocide 2023 terms autogenocide cultural genocide democide domicide ecocide eliminationism epistemicide ethnocide eugenics gendercide androcide femicide transfemicide transgender genocide genocide convention genocide of indigenous peoples memoricide policide politicide classicide eliticide utilitarian genocide war of annihilation methods attrition death marches death squads demographic engineering ethnic cleansing extermination camp forced adoption forced assimilation forced conversion incitement massacres killing fields pogroms mass killing rape settler colonialism urbicide denial the holocaust trivialization armenian japanese history textbook controversies nanjing serbian bosnian rwandan holodomor cambodian indigenous gaza white genocide conspiracy theory issues definitions names of the holocaust terminology of the armenian genocide holocaust terminology genocide law prevention effects on young survivors politics of recognition justification mass killings under communist regimes anti communist mass killings legal proceedings holocaust trials 1943 2022 krasnodar trial 1943 kharkov trial 1943 majdanek trials 1944 1989 chełmno trials 1945 2001 dachau trials 1945 1947 belsen trials 1945 1948 euthanasia trials 1945 1949 nuremberg trial 1945 1946 minsk trial 1945 1946 riga trial 1946 stutthof trials 1946 1947 post world war ii romanian war crime trials 1946 1953 supreme national tribunal 1946 1948 hamburg ravensbrück trials 1946 1948 nuremberg military tribunals 1946 1949 erich von manstein 1949 ulm einsatzkommando trial 1958 war crimes trials in soviet estonia 1961 1962 eichmann trial 1961 belzec trial 1963 1965 frankfurt auschwitz trials 1963 1989 treblinka trials 1964 1970 sobibor trial 1965 1966 deschênes commission 1985 1986 fedorenko trial 1986 demjanjuk trials 1986 2012 polyukhovich v commonwealth 1991 1992 finta trial 1994 r v finta gröning trial 2014 2015 20th century budak trial 1945 international military tribunal for the far east 1946 1948 belgrade process 1946 nanjing war crimes tribunal 1946 1948 kahan commission 1982 1983 bosnian genocide case 1993 2007 international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia 1993 2017 milošević trial 2002 2006 karadžić trial 2008 2016 mladić trial 2011 2017 trials of the derg members 1994 2008 international criminal tribunal for rwanda 1994 2015 khmer rouge tribunal 1997 2022 croatia serbia genocide case 1999 2015 21st century gacaca trials 2001 2012 international criminal court investigation in darfur 2005 permanent peoples tribunal on sri lanka 2010 2023 international crimes tribunal of bangladesh 2012 rohingya genocide case 2019 international criminal court investigation in bangladesh myanmar 2019 uyghur tribunal 2020 2021 al jumailly trial 2020 2021 nouri trial 2021 2022 international criminal court investigation in ukraine 2022 universal jurisdiction investigations of war crimes in ukraine 2022 ukraine v russian federation 2022 south africa v israel 2023 defense for children international palestine et al v biden et al 2023 2024 nicaragua v germany 2024 munich yazidi genocide trial 2024 2026 v t e international criminal law sources customary international law geneva conventions hague conventions international legal theories nuremberg charter nuremberg principles peremptory norm united nations charter genocide convention convention against corruption convention against transnational organized crime convention against torture rome statute crimes against international law crimes against humanity crime of aggression crime of apartheid genocide genocidal intent incitement to genocide piracy slave trading starvation war crime international courts in order of foundation international military tribunal nuremberg trials international military tribunal for the far east international criminal tribunal for the former yugoslavia international criminal tribunal for rwanda special court for sierra leone international criminal court extraordinary chambers in the courts of cambodia special panels of the dili district court special tribunal for lebanon international residual mechanism for criminal tribunals international anti crime bodies global initiative against transnational organized crime international association of anti corruption authorities un congress on crime prevention and criminal justice un office on drugs and crime related concepts command responsibility superior orders joint criminal enterprise international humanitarian law international speech crimes universal jurisdiction retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title genocidal_rape oldid 1372482127 categories genocidal rape crimes against women wartime sexual violence sex crimes hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata wikipedia indefinitely semi protected pages use british english from august 2013 all wikipedia articles written in british english use dmy dates from october 2021 this page was last edited on 31 august 2026 at 23 42 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy 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