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article spotlight apple spotlight in macos big sur spotlight is macos s selection based search system used for indexing documents pictures music applications and system settings within the computer in addition specific words in documents and in web pages in a web browser s history or bookmarks can be searched it also allows the user to narrow down searches with creation dates modification dates sizes types and other attributes time machine edit main article time machine macos time machine is a backup mechanism introduced in mac os x 10 5 leopard it creates incremental backups of files that can be restored at a later date and allows the user to restore the whole system or specific files the software is designed to work with both local storage devices and network attached disks and is most commonly used with external disk drives connected using either usb or thunderbolt 83 84 system components edit archive utility edit archive utility bomarchivehelper until mac os x 10 5 is the default archive file handler in macos it is usually invoked automatically when opening a file in one of its supported formats 85 it can be used to create compressed zip archives by choosing create archive of file leopard compress in the finder s file or contextual menu it is located at system library coreservices applications archive utility app in os x 10 10 and later system library coreservices archive utility app in 10 5 through 10 9 and system library coreservices bomarchivehelper app in 10 4 86 prior to archive utility s inclusion in mac os x v10 3 beginning with mac os 7 6 apple bundled the freeware stuffit expander with the operating system invoking archive utility manually shows a minimal gui letting the user change archive utility preferences or choose files to compress or uncompress bom is an abbreviation of bill of materials bill of materials files or bom files are used by the macos installer program to document where files in an installer bundle are installed what their file permissions should be and other file metadata thus a bill of materials is read by the installer and archive utility helps it by extracting the files specified in the bom crash reporter edit crash reporter is the standard crash reporter in macos 87 crash reporter can send the crash logs to apple for their engineers to review crash reporter has three modes of operations basic the default mode only application crashes are reported and the dialog does not contain any debugging information developer in addition to application crashes crashes are also displayed for background and system processes server the default for macos server systems no crash reports are shown to the user though they are still logged none disables the dialog prompt crash reports are neither displayed nor logged the developer tool crashreporterprefs can be used to change modes as can using the terminal command defaults write com apple crashreporter dialogtype basic developer server in basic mode if crash reporter notices an application has crashed twice in succession it will offer to rename the application s preference file and try again corrupted preference files being a common cause of crashes citation needed when reporting a crash the top text field of the window has the crash log while the bottom field is for user comments users may also copy and paste the log into their e mail client to send to a third party application developer for the developer to use diskimagemounter edit diskimagemounter is the utility that handles mounting disk volume images in mac os x starting with version 10 3 diskimagemounter works by either launching a daemon to handle the disk image or by contacting a running daemon and have it mount the disk like bomarchivehelper diskimagemounter has no gui when double clicked doing so does nothing the only gui the program ever displays is a window with a progress bar and mount options cancel or skip verification or an error report if it could not mount the image it is found in system library coreservices diskimagemounter app starting with version 10 7 apple removed double click support for images using legacy metadata 88 diskimagemounter will not be able to open img ndif only smi self mounting dc42 disk copy 4 2 and dart dart disk image formats that were previously supported in version 10 6 and earlier diskimagemounter supports a variety of disk image file types 89 apple disk image dmg com apple disk image udif disk images udif com apple disk image udif udif segment devs dmgpart com apple disk image udif segment self mounting image smi com apple disk image smi dvd cd r master image toast dvdr cdr com apple disk image cdr com roxio disk image toast disk image segment dmgpart 89 raw disk image ostypes devr hdrv ddim com apple disk image raw pc drive container ostypes opcd com apple disk image pc iso image iso public iso image sparse disk image sparseimage com apple disk image sparse sparsebundle as of macos 11 0 support for the following formats has been removed disk copy 4 2 disk image dc42 diskcopy42 com apple disk image dc42 dart disk image dart com apple disk image dart ndif disk image nb 1 ndif img com apple disk image ndif ndif disk image segment imgpart com apple disk image ndif segment directory utility edit directory utility is a utility included with the macos previously mac os x operating system to configure connections to directory services prior to mac os x 10 5 this tool was named directory access apple s ldap implementation is called apple open directory dvd player edit dvd player formerly apple dvd player is the default dvd player introduced in mac os x 10 1 it supports all the standard dvd features such as multiple audio video subtitle tracks as well as dolby digital 5 1 passthrough dvd access urls and closed captions in some instances users can choose which vob file to open dvd player is also fully compatible with dvds authored by dvd studio pro and idvd including hd dvds by dvd studio pro 90 as of macos mojave it has been updated to 64 bit sports a new icon and has better touch bar support dvd player complies with most copyright laws and will thus enforce most restrictive measures of dvd technology such as region restrictive encodings and user inhibited operations disabled actions it does this even when using an all region dvd drive it will even force apple s screenshot program to cease functioning through the finder interface until the dvd player application is quit effectively preventing the user from taking screen captures of visual dvd content the software does not contain a dts decoder so dts tracks cannot be played through the mac s built in speakers or analog output however dts tracks can be output to devices that have their own decoder so playback is supported through outputs such as s pdif displayport and hdmi it has never supported the ability to play blu ray discs 91 feedback assistant edit the feedback assistant is made available to customers in the apple software customer seeding appleseed for it or apple beta software programs and allows a user to manually send feedback reports or requests to apple 92 helpviewer edit help viewer is a webkit based html viewer for macos aimed at displaying help files and other documentation it is found in system library coreservices help viewer app the default file extension is help help index files are generated with help indexer macos applications typically use help viewer to display their help content rather than a custom system help viewer s implementation in mac os x 10 5 leopard found its way to rob griffiths list of leopard criticisms because apple changed the software from a standalone application with a standard window interface to one with a floating window that always appears in front of all other application windows obscuring the interface for which one is seeking help see image below although one can close or minimize the help viewer window it is difficult to consult the help viewer while simultaneously working with the application short of changing the size of windows so both fit on the screen 93 the help viewer window also does not work with the exposé window management feature mission control in os x 10 7 or later there is a workaround using the defaults command accessible in the terminal 94 95 installer edit installer extracts and installs files out of pkg packages allowing developers to create uniform software installers installer launches when a package or metapackage file is opened the installation process itself can vary substantially as installer allows developers to customize the information the user is presented with for example it can be made to display a custom welcome message software license and readme installer also handles authentication checks that packages are valid before installing them and allows developers to run custom scripts at several points during the installation process 96 installer packages have the file extension pkg prior to mac os x leopard installer packages were implemented as mac os x packages 97 these packages were a collection of files that resided in folders with a pkg file extension 98 99 in mac os x leopard the software packaging method was changed to use the xar extensible archiver file format the directory tree containing the files is packaged as an xar archive file with a pkg extension 100 instead of distributing multiple files for a package this allowed all of the software files to be contained in a single file for easier distribution with the benefit of package signing loginwindow edit the loginwindow process displays the macos login window at system startup if auto login is not set verifies login attempts and launches login applications it also implements the force quit window restarts macos user interface components the dock and finder if they crash and handles the logout restart and shutdown routines 101 102 users are assigned their own loginwindow when they log in if a loginwindow process belonging to a specific user is force quit they will be logged out 103 software update edit software update is a section in system settings for mac software updates as well as updates to core mac apps starting in macos mojave 10 14 it also has an item in the apple menu from os x mountain lion 10 8 104 to macos high sierra 10 13 the mac app store was used for software updates prior to that software update was a separate utility which could be launched from the apple menu or from the software update pane in system settings other edit other system components include about this mac which shows information about the mac it is running on such as the hardware serial number and macos version 105 captive network assistant a daemon used to access captive portals when connected to public wi fi networks certificate assistant a utility for creating and verifying digital certificates controlstrip a daemon that controls the touch bar corelocationagent a daemon responsible for displaying authorization prompts to allow apps and widgets to access location services 106 expansion slot utility a program that allows manual allocation of pcie card bandwidth it is only available on certain mac pro models folderactionsdispatcher a daemon responsible for monitoring changes to the filesystem to run folder action scripts install command line developer tools a utility that allows developers to easily install xcode s command line developer tools if xcode is not installed it can be executed by running xcode select install in the terminal 107 ios app installer an app that downloads ipa files for ipados applications so that they can be run on apple silicon based macs keychain circle notification a daemon involved in icloud keychain syncing managedclient manages various functions pertaining to managed preferences and configuration profiles 108 setup assistant is the application that starts on first boot of a fresh copy of macos or a new mac it configures computer accounts apple id icloud and accessibility settings it is also run after major macos system upgrades obexagent a server that handles bluetooth access odsagent a server that handles remote disk access 109 osduihelper a daemon that displays on screen graphics when certain settings such as volume or display brightness are adjusted pipagent which manages the picture in picture feature available in macos sierra and later photo library migration utility which can migrate iphoto and aperture libraries to photos powerchime present on some macbook models plays a chime when the notebook is plugged in to power 110 reportpanic an app that displays a window when the system reboots from a kernel panic it allows the user to send a report to apple 111 screencaptureui a daemon responsible for drawing the user interface shown when taking a screenshot screensaverengine the process that handles screen saver access when invoked it will display the screensaver systemuiserver a daemon that manages status items in the menu bar thermaltrap a daemon which notifies users when the system temperature exceeds a usable limit ticket viewer an app that displays kerberos tickets unmountassistantagent which displays a dialog if there is a process preventing ejection of a disk and offers to forcibly eject the disk if the process cannot be quit wireless diagnostics an app that launches when wi fi connectivity problems are detected discontinued edit classic edit macos classic redirects here for the pre mac os x operating system for macs see classic mac os this section does not cite any sources please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed september 2025 learn how and when to remove this message jpegview running in the classic environment the classic environment usually referred to as classic is a hardware and software abstraction layer in powerpc versions of mac os x that allows most legacy applications compatible with mac os 9 to run on mac os x the name classic is also sometimes used by software vendors to refer to the application programming interface available to classic applications to differentiate between programming for mac os x and the classic version of the mac os the classic environment is supported on powerpc based macintosh computers running versions of mac os x up to 10 4 tiger but not with 10 5 leopard or macintoshes utilizing any other architecture than powerpc the classic environment is a descendant of rhapsody s blue box virtualization layer which served as a proof of concept previously apple a ux also offered a virtualized mac os environment on top of a unix operating system it uses a mac os 9 system folder and a new world rom file to bridge the differences between the older powerpc macintosh platforms and the xnu kernel environment the classic environment was created as a key element of apple s strategy to replace the classic mac os versions 9 and below with mac os x as the standard operating system os used by macintosh computers by eliminating the need to use the older os directly...
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