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r application for quickly launching any of the chosen applications system introduced screenshots using command shift 3 2 1 25 5 0 26 september 17 1985 n a added support for the hard disk 20 and hfs 25 26 3 0 5 1 macintosh system software 0 7 january 16 1986 n a added more complete support for hfs a ram disk cache zoom boxes for windows and a redesigned control panel introduced with the macintosh plus 3 1 5 2 system software 1 0 february 14 1986 1 1 caused data corruption and was superseded by 3 2 shortly after release 3 2 5 3 system software 1 1 june 2 1986 3 1 fixed problems with data loss system crashes updated chooser and calculator 27 3 3 5 4 appleshare 1 0 january 12 1987 enhanced appleshare file serving support for macintosh 512k ver 1 0 and 512ke ver 1 1 28 the trash can icon now bulges when it s not empty 5 5 appleshare 1 1 3 4 6 1 appleshare 2 0 1988 appleshare file server workstation installer for 512ke ver 2 0 1 disk 28 4 0 5 4 system software 2 0 march 2 1987 released with macintosh se added the find file desktop accessory and the restart command features a redesigned control panel 4 1 5 5 system software 2 0 1 april 14 1987 4 0 released with macintosh ii added easy access accessibility features improved compatibility with larger hard drives system software 5 edit towards the end of 1987 apple introduced a package titled apple macintosh system software update 5 0 29 for the first time the macintosh operating system was offered as a distinct retail product that included four 800k disks and three manuals at a cost of us 49 the software itself was still freely available through user groups and bulletin board services while the product box presented this update to the operating system as version 5 0 this number does not appear in the software itself three of the four disks system tools 1 system tools 2 and utilities 1 are bootable and the user can boot off whichever floppy contains the tools they need for instance system tools 2 is the only disk with printer drivers and utilities 1 is the only disk with disk first aid and apple hd sc setup because the disks are named system tools users and the press commonly referred to this version as system tools 5 0 the primary new feature of system 5 is multifinder an extension that lets the system run several programs at once the system uses a cooperative multitasking model meaning that time is given to the background applications only when the foreground application yields control a change in system functions that applications were already calling to handle events make many existing applications share time automatically as well as being allowed to perform tasks in the background 29 users can also choose not to use multifinder thereby using a single application at a time in 1990 infoworld tested four multitasking options for pc and mac viewing multifinder positively overall but noting that its presence halved the speed of file transfers and printing compared to the single tasking system 6 without multifinder 30 system software release 5 release date 5 system version 5 software version 5 release information 5 finder multifinder laserwriter 5 0 october 1987 31 4 2 6 0 1 0 5 0 initial release 5 1 november 1987 4 3 5 1 updated laserwriter driver and new version of apple hd sc setup system software 6 edit main article system 6 system software 6 also referred to as system 6 is a consolidation release of the macintosh system software producing a complete stable and long lasting operating system two major hardware introductions requiring additional support under system 6 are the 68030 processor and 1 44 mb superdrive debuting with the macintosh iix and macintosh se 30 later updates include support for the first specialized laptop features with the introduction of the macintosh portable from system 6 forward the finder has a unified version number closely matching that of the system alleviating much of the confusion caused by the often considerable differences between earlier systems 23 this section is an excerpt from system 6 version history edit system version 32 release 32 software versions 32 information 32 finder multifinder laserwriter 6 0 june 10 1988 33 6 1 6 0 5 2 initial release 6 0 1 september 19 1988 6 1 1 6 0 1 release for macintosh iix 6 0 2 september 19 1988 6 1 6 0 1 maintenance release 6 0 3 december 23 1988 34 6 0 3 maintenance release with bug fixes for apple file exchange time manager and other components new york 18 and 24 fonts were removed the macintosh iicx shipped with this version 6 0 4 september 20 1989 6 1 4 6 0 4 release for macintosh portable and iici 6 0 5 march 19 1990 6 1 5 6 0 5 release for macintosh iifx 6 0 6 march 19 1990 6 1 6 6 0 6 release for early macintosh classic lc and iisi contained bugs with keyboard and appletalk 35 6 0 7 october 15 1990 6 1 7 6 0 7 maintenance release 6 0 8 may 13 1991 6 1 8 6 0 8 7 0 updated printing software to match system 7 6 0 8l march 23 1992 36 release for macintosh classic ii and powerbook 100 enables system 7 network compatibility also runs on the macintosh classic lc and lc ii but no other computers system 7 mac os 7 edit main article system 7 on may 13 1991 system 7 was released it was a major upgrade over system 6 adding a significant user interface overhaul new applications stability improvements and many new features its introduction coincides with the release of and provided support for the 68040 macintosh line the system 7 era saw numerous changes in the macintosh platform including a proliferation of macintosh models the 68k to power macintosh transition as well as the rise of microsoft windows increasing use of computer networking and the explosion in the popularity of the internet one of the most significant features of system 7 is virtual memory support an essential subsystem anticipated for years which only exists for previous systems in a third party extension named virtual from connectix 30 accompanying this was a move to 32 bit memory addressing necessary for the ever increasing amounts of ram available to the motorola 68030 cpu and 68020 cpus with a 68851 pmmu this process involves making all of the routines in os code use the full 32 bits of a pointer as an address prior systems used the upper 8 bits as flags this change is known as being 32 bit clean while system 7 itself is 32 bit clean many existing machines and thousands of applications were not so it was some time before the process was completed to ease the transition the memory control panel contains a switch to disable this feature allowing for compatibility with older applications another notable system 7 feature is built in cooperative multitasking in system software 6 this function was optional through the multifinder system 7 also introduced aliases similar to symbolic links on unix shortcuts that were introduced in later versions of microsoft windows and shadows in ibm os 2 system extensions were enhanced by being moved to their own subfolder a subfolder in the system folder was also created for the control panels in system 7 5 apple includes the extensions manager a previously third party program which simplified the process of enabling and disabling extensions the apple menu home only to desk accessories in system 6 was made more general purpose the user could now make often used folders and applications or anything else they desired appear in the menu by placing aliases to them in an apple menu items subfolder of the system folder system 7 also introduced the following applescript a scripting language for automating tasks 32 bit quickdraw supporting so called true color imaging previously available as a system extension and truetype an outline font standard the trash under system 6 and earlier empties itself automatically when shutting down the computer or if multifinder is not running when launching an application system 7 reimplements the trash as a special hidden folder allowing files to remain in it across reboots until the user deliberately chooses the empty trash command system 7 1 edit system 7 1 is mainly a bugfix release with a few minor features added one of the major new features of system 7 1 was moving fonts out of the system file into the fonts folder in the system folder previously a resource copying utility such as resedit or font d a mover was required for installing fonts system 7 1 is not only the first macintosh operating system to cost money all previous versions were free or sold at the cost of the floppies but also received a pro sibling version 7 1 1 with extra features system 7 1 2 was the first version to support powerpc based macs system 7 1 also introduces the system enablers as a method to support new models without updating the actual system file this leads to extra files inside the system folder one per new model supported system 7 5 edit system 7 5 introduces a large number of new features many of which are based on shareware applications that apple bought and included into the new system 37 on the newer powerpc machines system 7 5 may have stability problems partly due to a new memory manager which can be turned off citation needed and issues with the handling of errors in the powerpc code all powerpc exceptions map to type 11 these issues do not affect 68k architecture machines system 7 5 is contemporary with apple s failed copland effort as well as the release of windows 95 mac os 7 6 edit stability improved in powerpc based macs with mac os 7 6 which dropped the system moniker as a more trademarkable name was needed in order to license the os to the growing market of third party macintosh clone manufacturers mac os 7 6 required 32 bit clean roms and so it dropped support for every mac with a 68000 processor as well as the mac ii mac iix mac iicx and mac se 30 system version 5 release information 5 system 7 0 integrated multifinder always enabled system 7 0 1 introduced with lc ii and quadra series system 7 0 1p system 7 tuner update for both 7 0 and 7 0 1 system 7 1 introduced the fonts folder system 7 1p system 7 1p1 system 7 1p2 system 7 1p3 last p release with new features system 7 1p4 system 7 1p5 system 7 1p6 system 7 1 pro version 7 1 1 combined with powertalk speech manager macintalk thread manager system 7 1 2 macs equipped with a powerpc processor system 7 1 2p only for performa lc quadra 630 series very quickly replaced by 7 5 system 7 5 system 7 5 1 system 7 5 update 1 0 the first macintosh operating system to display the mac os logo on the splash screen system 7 5 2 power macs that use pci usable only on these power macs and powerbooks 5300 190 and duo 2300 system 7 5 3 system 7 5 update 2 0 system 7 5 3l only for macintosh clones system 7 5 3 revision 2 system 7 5 3 revision 2 1 only for performa 6400 180 and 6400 200 system 7 5 4 withdrawn within hours of release and replaced by 7 5 5 system 7 5 5 last to support non 32 bit clean macs including all with less than a 68030 cpu except the macintosh lc mac os 7 6 name formally changed because of the experimental clone program although system 7 5 1 and later used the mac os name on the splash screen mac os 7 6 1 proper powerpc error handling introduced mac os 8 edit main article mac os 8 mac os 8 1 desktop mac os 8 was released on july 26 1997 the same month steve jobs became the de facto ceo of apple it was mainly released to keep the mac os moving forward during a difficult time for apple initially planned as mac os 7 7 it was renumbered 8 to exploit a legal loophole and accomplish jobs s goal of terminating third party manufacturers licenses to system 7 and shutting down the macintosh clone market 38 mac os 8 added a number of features from the abandoned copland project while leaving the underlying operating system unchanged a multi threaded finder was included files could now be copied in the background the gui was changed in appearance to a new shaded greyscale look named platinum and the ability to change the appearance themes also known as skins was added with a new control panel though platinum was the only one shipped this capability was provided by a new appearance api layer within the os one of the few significant changes apple sold 1 2 million copies of mac os 8 in its first two weeks of availability and 3 million within six months in light of apple s financial difficulties at the time there was a large grassroots movement among mac users to upgrade and help save apple even some pirate groups refused to redistribute the os 39 mac os 8 1 edit mac os 8 1 introduced an updated version of the hierarchical file system named hfs which fixed many limitations of the earlier system and has been used in subsequent versions of macos up until macos high sierra when it was replaced with the apple file system there are some other interface changes such as separating network features from printing and some improvements to application switching however in underlying technical respects mac os 8 is not very different from system 7 mac os 8 5 edit mac os 8 5 focuses on speed and stability with most 68k code replaced by modern code native to the powerpc it also improved the appearance of the user interface although the theming feature was cut late in development system version 5 release information 5 mac os 8 0 first version to require a 68040 processor dropping support for the remainder of the macintosh ii series and other 68030 macs added support for powerpc g3 processor mac os 8 1 last mac os release to run on a 68k processor added support for usb and the hfs file system mac os 8 5 first version to require a powerpc processor added sherlock support for firewire and support for the power macintosh g3 mac os 8 5 1 bug fixes mac os 8 6 new nanokernel multiprocessing services 2 0 support improved powerbook battery life and added support for the powerpc g4 processor mac os 9 edit main article mac os 9 mac os 9 the last major revision of the classic mac os was released on october 23 1999 7 it is generally a steady evolution from mac os 8 early development releases of mac os 9 were numbered 8 7 mac os 9 added improved support for airport wireless networking it introduced an early implementation of multi user support though not a true multi user operating system mac os 9 does allow multiple desktop users to have their own data and system settings an improved sherlock search engine added several new search plug ins mac os 9 also provides a much improved memory implementation and management applescript was improved to allow tcp ip and networking control mac os 9 also makes the first use of the centralized apple software update to find and install os and hardware updates other new features included its on the fly file encryption software with code signing and keychain technologies remote networking and file server packages and much improved list of usb drivers mac os 9 also added some transitional technologies to help application developers adopt some mac os x features before the introduction of the new os to the public to 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