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l it was these pages will survive longer than a television news broadcast and it continues to be a source of support and assistance http digitalethos org social media and hurricane sandy written by jamiespud 1 comment posted in uncategorized tagged with 2012 america citizen journalism facebook fundraising hurricane sandy social media storm superstorm twitter january 11 2013 citizen journalism london riots case study the london riots erupted in 2011 between august 6 and 10 after the protests in tottenham that followed the death of mark duggan duggan was a local man shot dead by police sparking protest from the community about 300 people gathered outside the police station on the high road after demonstrators demanded justice http www bbc co uk news uk england london 14434318 the protests quickly escalated into riots which led to shops being looted and arson attacks the following days saw copycat violence take place in other parts of london spreading to other major cities afterwards several arrests were made e g about 3 100 people so far have been arrested of whom over 1 100 have been through the courts for offences ranging from burglary and arson to violence and disorder http www bbc co uk news uk 14532532 citizen journalism played a crucial role as for many the riots began with twitter messages shortly before 9pm on 6 august many rioters failed to cover their face and posted pictures of themselves with stolen goods online despite london s use of cctv cameras throughout the city the police ended up using social networking site flickr to find those responsible this is evidence that citizen footage was used more than previous methods of gathering information in this case on a crime as stated beyond the lenses of cctv however citizens are snapping looters in action without the identity hiding garb many of the alleged perpetrators are easily identifiable if you happen to know who they are http www nbcnews com technology technolog citizen cameras capture more london looters cops 121801 social media was relied on further with facebook pages created to identify looters involved and news organisations deployed live maps confirming areas where there had been verified lootings to navigate the dangerous and crowded areas with 500 members and growing the lets catch the london 201 rioters and looters facebook community page features a growing collection of both photos and videos http www nbcnews com technology technolog citizen cameras capture more london looters cops 121801 blackberry messenger was used to help organise the rioters however some experts such as megan boler say it does not matter what method of communication was used as due to the digital age the technology and the use of it has taken over to an extent it s ubiquitous technology it s everywhere http www cbc ca news world story 2011 08 10 social media riots html the police were also using it to track down rioters bbm gave rioters the ability to contact individuals or broadcast messages to entire contact lists instantly revealing where riots were currently taking place and keeping note of the police s activity a secure server for these messages made it difficult for the police to track them this is evidence that with the rise of the digital age the citizen journalists created and the use of technology it is more an aid for those raised within it than the older generations twitter also played a for citizens and journalists reporting and following live updates on the riots and received a lot of criticism for its part e g the daily mail was particularly quick to blame twitter for helping to orchestrate the rioting and for spreading triumphal images from the rioters themselves one picture of a burning police car was retweeted over 100 times and the mail reported that the troublemakers on twitter were encouraging scores more people into the area http www huffingtonpost co uk 2011 08 08 london riots twitter that_n_920791 html the police were a firm believer in twitter being used for evil as much as bbm was e g in an age of social media in which disgruntled youth are frequently more skilled with smart phones than are the adults who police them london authorities believe handheld technologies may have helped those trying to instigate violence to spread their message http www time com time world article 0 8599 2087337 00 html twitter became the communication method of choice and citizens were quick to defend it against the criticisms of helping crime stating it was the people behind the accounts speed communications managing director stephen waddington defended twitter s role twitter is being used to exchange messages in the way that previous generations used technology such as phone email and sms to claim that twitter had a role in the tottenham riots is as credible as placing the blame at the hands of mobile phone handset manufacturers or mobile operators http www huffingtonpost co uk 2011 08 08 london riots twitter that_n_920791 html twitter has become an effective form of communication with users able to retweet and hashtag easing the effort of spreading the word also being thought it was used for good when spreading messages retweeting news rather than user s original content e g it may be premature to suggest as some british tabloids have that the service somehow fuelled the chaos sure users retweeted an image of a burning police car 100 times during the riot but it hardly follows automatically that this image inspired anyone to grab a crowbar and start smashing the windows of electronics stores http www time com time world article 0 8599 2087337 00 html also we cannot forget the mobile phone police requested information from mobile phone operators to aid their capture of criminals involved asking for data about the locations calls were made from the owners of phones and lists of calls made to and from a particular handset http www guardian co uk uk 2011 aug 09 uk riots mobile phone operators this event is a clear message there s a developing generation divide for citizen journalism with the younger digital generation wielding this new communication method as well as being quick to defend it and the older generation quick to criticise it written by jamiespud 2 comments posted in uncategorized tagged with 2011 bbm cctv citizen journalism london mark duggan media mobile phone riots technology twitter january 11 2013 citizen journalism student protests case study in 2010 in the uk thousands of hours of mobile phone footage was uploaded onto youtube and social media networks of the student protests over increased tuition fees for university students in november 2010 there was a series of demonstrations against planned spending cuts to further education and an increase in the cap on tuition fees students felt the cuts were excessive and broke campaign promises made by politicians however the protests turned violent as the scale of the london protest defied expectations with an estimated 50 000 turning out to vent their anger at government plans to raise tuition fees while cutting the state grant for university teaching http web archive org web 20101112061311 http www guardian co uk education 2010 nov 10 student protest fees violent the rise of citizen journalism through social media came through this event and was crucial when used in the organisation of the protest e g using facebook and twitter to organize protest marches and occupations of university buildings and to debate the issues allowed for much more fluid and rapid organization to emerge than would be possible going through official channels it also meant that the movement could reach out beyond the university student body to include school pupils parents university staff and the wider public http dmlcentral net blog lyndsay grant uk student protests democratic participation digital age there became a constant information flow on the protest kept up to the minute by protesters using twitter on their phones to report where they were and what was happening as the police attempted to contain certain locations word spread to the protesters to avoid these problems using this information although police had access to these media channels they could not act quickly enough e g while police and authorities also had access to the twitter feeds facebook pages and google maps created by protesters the speed with which protesters were able to manoeuvre and the distributed nature of participation meant that authorities could not effectively respond to protests via these channels http dmlcentral net blog lyndsay grant uk student protests democratic participation digital age this gives evidence that the younger generation were more skilled at using forms of citizen journalism as they grew up in the digital age these protests were an example of how citizen journalism adds to a subject already reported on by the main stream media e g while the protests received extensive news coverage on tv online and in newspapers digital media enabled students to directly reach a much wider public providing their own account of events and articulating the issues in their own words http dmlcentral net blog lyndsay grant uk student protests democratic participation digital age and getting these messages to the public became an important part of the protester s cause mainstream reporting only focused on the violence of students during the protests but the forms of citizen journalism that came to light showed events that were ignored by these media organisations such as the jody mcintyre incident a student who was pulled out of his wheelchair by police this was photographed by protesters and information was circulated throughout social media before being picked up by the bbc leading to a controversial tv interview it is stated that this kind of citizen journalism can have an impact on the mainstream news agenda but more importantly it also allowed the protesters to communicate their own broader agenda to the wider public http dmlcentral net blog lyndsay grant uk student protests democratic participation digital age the way social media was used has revolutionised the way digital media affects democracy and allowed more genuine democratic participation than would be possible through the more formalized avenues of representative elective government or bureaucratic trade unions http dmlcentral net blog lyndsay grant uk student protests democratic participation digital age this is all evidence that citizen journalism has become a way for people to make their voices heard against traditional forms of political participation and is leading to it being an option for everyone e g the movement lives on in both physical and virtual networks blog discussions email lists twitter feeds and facebook groups open to participation from all and determined to carry on making their voices heard until politicians listen http dmlcentral net blog lyndsay grant uk student protests democratic participation digital age written by jamiespud leave a comment posted in uncategorized tagged with 2010 citizen journalism google jody mcintyre london mainstream media social media student protests youtube january 11 2013 citizen journalism london bombings case study on july 7 2005 the london bombings happened when a series of suicide attacks were used to target citizens using the public transport at rush hour in london four bombs were set off across london three across underground trains throughout the city and one on a double decker bus this attack lead to the death of the bombers also killing 52 people and injuring more than 770 http news bbc co uk 1 shared spl hi uk 05 london_blasts what_happened html this tragedy led people to believe this was the start of the accidental journalist which has been defined as the people who find themselves in a situation they did not expect but feel the need to share it on their blog with a news web site or on twitter http www mediarhetoric com blog how the internet changed after 911 citizen journalism social media and mobility this was a time when more people had camera phones and could capture the real time chaos as it unfolded which the media could not and people started to realise the impact of citizen journalism according to the bbc they received 22 000 emails and text messages about the london bombings 300 photos were sent into the bbc from witnesses at the scene with 50 of these being within the hour of the first bomb being set off as well as the photos the media received several video clips e g 7 july 2005 marked a turning point for the media that was the day the phenomenon of user generated content ugc or citizens journalism came into its own in britain as members of the public took over the roles of photographers and news correspondents http news bbc co uk 1 hi uk 5142702 stm as these events happened underground the media were far from the action and unable to get to the scene as fast as somebody already there they would not have been able to accurately cover the actual story along with the details involved unable to deliver them to the public the photos enabled it to be confirmed that a bomb had gone off rather than a power surge as was first suggested videos sent in from passengers on the tubes actually led the bbc s six o clock news bulletin the first time such material had been deemed more newsworthy than the professionals material http news bbc co uk 1 hi uk 5142702 stm this marked an important step in the rise of citizen journalism as for the first time on a public scale citizen s reports were considered more important than the professionals two weeks after there were several more bombings attempted but the public already knew what was expected of them and this has developed even more this led to news organisations taking on staff to deal with user generated content at the time of the event the bbc s editor for interactivity vicky taylor said we now get 10 000 e mails a day and 200 pictures a week just as a matter of course and when there is a big story it goes through the roof http news bbc co uk 1 hi uk 5142702 stm according to the bbc this led to them publish up to ten times more content than before although it was criticised for possibly leading to citizens putting themselves in danger to get the best content this criticism was by journalists whereas citizen journalists admired the way it democratised the media taking power away from a select few citizen journalism was seen as a powerful tool at this time however some feel it is too difficult to define e g citizens journalism is too vague and all encompassing since many of the people submitting photos information and views do not see themselves as journalists at all http news bbc co uk 1 hi uk 5142702 stm this is evidence that citizen journalism is seen as something on the rise and the everyday person is doing more leaving the professional aspect of the term to fade written by jamiespud 2 comments posted in uncategorized tagged with 2005 accidental 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