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ever taking into consideration the discussion above the task of restoring rights of women seems to be upon the courts as women are compelled to move the courts for protection of their rights at workplace violence prevents employment and blocks access of women to financial resources fear of sexual harassment may force women to make relatively poorer economic choices women are less likely to work away from home in regions where the perceived threat of sexual harassment against girls is higher consequently india has ranked 129th in the total of 146 countries as per the world economic forum global gender gap report 2024 which means that the goal of gender equality for women in india remains far unless organisations across sectors take institutional responsibility for an attitudinal shift workplaces will continue to be sexualised and toxic survivors will continue to be silenced and perpetrators will go about their lives without consequence the 2013 act definitely has the potential to carry forward the process of shifting power relations using the work initiated by the vishakha guidelines 1997 this can happen provided the employers implement the act from the standpoint of upholding constitutional values dr anagha sarpotdar is a practitioner and researcher working on social and legal aspects of sexual harassment at the workplace date december 8 2024 author psw team tags 25 blog symposium compliance implementation legal history workplace sexual harassment workplace sexual harassment law comments leave a comment 25 it s the skin which gets burnt not the spirit standard it s the skin which gets burnt not the spirit sudarshana chakraborty mirror mirror on the wall who is the fairest of them all the patriarchal society has etched this idea of a woman s beauty in one s mind in such a way starting from fairy tales to movies that it is really hard to look beyond that and the face of a woman especially that of a fair and therefore beautiful one becomes synonymous with her existence this is how the majority of women see themselves thanks to capitalist patriarchal socio economic culture to go back to my opening question what if one day the mirror stops recognizing the most familiar face one s own face how does one cope with that trauma how does one cope with that existential crisis the unbearable trauma that comes with unbearable pain this is what happens with women who survive acid attacks acid attack is one of the cruelest forms of sexual and gender based violence sgbv for years acid has become one of the most used forms of violence against women and according to the ncrb report west bengal is at the top of the list for consecutive three years unfortunately neither the awareness level nor the actions taken by the state government are enough to create resistance against this form of sgbv there is a pattern of these attacks if we follow the case studies we will see not exactly urban but suburban areas are where most acid attacks take place young women who match conventional beauty standards getting an education have decision making powers are independent minded and can say no to unwanted male romantic overtures are those who face the attacks acid attacks are becoming a common part of property feuds and rape and murder cases the availability of acid in the open market despite legal directions on prohibiting such sale is the main reason for the increase of such acid attacks another reason is delayed justice or no punishment for the perpetrator it sends the message that even after committing such a heinous crime one can escape punishment the fact that more and more young women are going out for education and finding independence by choosing their own career is enraging men with a typical patriarchal mindset who still consider women only in terms of their body image they believe that harming or destroying a woman s body in this case specifically her face is the only way to stop her from achieving her dreams of a better life while also avenging their own rejection a woman with burn scars still faces a social taboo so it becomes extremely difficult to complete education get a job or start a relationship of her choice start a family or even stay with the natal family this is in addition to the extreme physical pain and the trauma of losing one s face which forms the primary identity acid attack creates a disability which is now listed under the 21 types of disability in rights of persons with disabilities rpwd act 2016 however it is not easy for acid attack survivors to accept the identity of a person with disability given the stigma related to disability notably the women s rights movement is not vocal enough about acid attacks and acid attack survivors are still trying to find their space within the disability rights movement the role of the state government often comes under scrutiny proactive steps by a state government to stop the sale of acid in the open market spread awareness about this crime and its punishment could change the scenario advocates judiciary and the medico legal system still lack sensitivity and it is hard for survivors to get compensation the role of the media is also quite stereotypical in this case either it is news for one or two days or hero worship of acid attack survivors the coverage is never in depth and intended to create awareness sensitize people and the system in the circumstances acid attack survivors are themselves trying to change the game many of them have become change makers and activists they have counseled themselves and while fighting with the trauma have decided not to cover their burnt faces they have accepted their new identity and are sending a message to society that they can live their life with scars and fight for justice they carry on everyday balancing medical treatment psychological counseling legal battles livelihood challenges and awareness activities these are all issues that should get attention beyond just a news report of an acid attack it s the skin which gets burnt not the spirit sudarshana chakraborty is a journalist based in west bengal she is a laadli media award regional winner for the years 2021 2024 in the bengali web feature category she is a 2024 25 prajnya r rajaram grit media fellow date december 7 2024 author psw team tags 25 acid attacks blog symposium comments leave a comment 25 preventing child sexual abuse a 25 year review audio standard vidya reddy tulir date december 6 2024 author psw team tags 25 blog symposium child sexual abuse comments leave a comment 25 one stop centres are straddling promise and pressure standard one stop centres are straddling promise and pressure since implementation tanya rana crime against women caw in delhi increased significantly by 42 between 2020 and 2021 in 2022 caw remained almost unchanged from the previous year what does this statistic suggest on one hand the increase may suggest that women are more vulnerable to crimes in the city on the other hand an increase in caw might signal better response services for survivors of violence given most such cases go unreported in the aftermath of jyoti singh s gang rape and murder in delhi in 2012 the usha mehra committee was constituted to recommend measures for improving safety in delhi and the national capital region one of its recommendations was to implement a comprehensive hub providing services such as shelter psycho social counselling medical police and legal assistance for survivors of violence in every district of the country in 2015 the government of india goi under the aegis of the ministry of women and child development launched the one stop centres oscs after initially implementing 36 oscs on a pilot basis goi has been setting up oscs in all districts across the country as of 30 september 2024 there were 790 operational oscs since its inception over 9 93 lakh women have sought assistance at oscs the number of women seeking help has been steadily increasing year on year too however in a study conducted by my colleagues and i we found that the number of oscs operational in the country is grossly inadequate we found that this has led to a vicious cycle in which under investing in such facilities manifests into low redressal and perpetuates under reporting of violence an important question however persists if the objective of an osc is to ease a survivor s access to redressal by pooling in different authorities and services why are they still under resourced to answer this question i am undertaking a preliminary study on the functioning of oscs there have been several media reports about the ineffective functioning of oscs in the country but if we were to reimagine women s safety their access to safety and why there are gaps in its functioning it is important to unpack the layers of its service provisioning here s an example describing domestic violence cases coming to her centre in delhi the caseworker told me it is easy to leave a marriage and women come with that intention she added we work on the problem because otherwise my job is meaningless this has a few implications one the caseworker who is in most cases the first point of contact for a survivor is looking to find meaning in her job by ensuring that families are not broken up second dealing with over 40 50 cases coming to her centre every month suggests the high workload and perhaps an inability to correctly assess what a survivor may truly need as redressal mechanisms are geared towards reconciliation as i previously mentioned there are several layers to such a set up of institutionalised redressal no one actor can be held accountable for its gaps it is thus important to understand the capabilities of different actors to perform their roles well their training referral systems and osc finances among others in my study therefore i locate front line bureaucrats and survivors attitudes and perceptions towards gender based violence gbv and place it in the framework of health systems strengthening of oscs through this i hope to argue for centering gbv as a public health concern which needs coordinated efforts through actors and authorities in an institutionalised set up tanya rana is a gender and governance researcher based in delhi she is a 2024 prajnya r rajaram grit research fellow date december 5 2024 author psw team tags 25 blog symposium domestic violence gender violence one stop centres sexual assault support ecosystem comments leave a comment 25 rethinking domestic violence redressal in kashmir standard rethinking domestic violence redressal in kashmir arshie qureshi as per ncrb data kashmir has reported 3086 cases of cruelty by husbands between 2013 and 2022 this number is way lower than the national average of 118 043 domestic violence cases reported per year in this period across indian states clearly underreporting is a major issue it s not surprising because whenever we as academics or advocates against domestic violence refer to statistics we always include the disclaimer that these represent only the reported cases with a vast number of unreported instances in the gray area but why should this disclaimer remain a permanent part of the conversation why is that even after decades of anti domestic violence advocacy and decades after adopting legislations we acknowledge that it is happening on a large scale but not being spoken about enough numerous studies both national and international have mapped the reasons for not reporting incidents however each context presents its own unique nuances given these context specific differences can the intervention and redressal process truly be one size fits all sometime around late 2021 i found myself sitting in the canteen of the district court in srinagar on either side of me sat two women petitioners in cases of domestic violence until that moment they were strangers to each other yet as they waited for their lawyer they began to share their stories of abuse their experiences though unique echoed each other in striking ways both struggled with financial insecurity faced pressure from their natal families to reconcile and grappled with the trauma of sexual violence neither had disclosed it to anyone prior to this day because they believed that no one would understand and dismiss them they knew that marital rape was real a painful secret they d kept hidden one of them said that her husband would only touch let alone look at her when he wanted an intercourse irrespective of her consent for both of them their legal battle had stretched over more than 25 months more than two years of physically meeting with their lawyer just to navigate a system that had only fatigued them thus far both of them had lost contact with the lawyer in 2019 when the state imposed a communication blackout following the unilateral abrogation of article 370 in j k on august 05 2019 with all ways of communication being cut off and physical movement restricted the only way to make a call was from the nearest deputy commissioner s office one of these two women recounted an experience when she went to the deputy commissioner s office to make a call to her sister who was in bangalore upon arriving she found a long queue she stood in the scorching august sun all afternoon but by the time her turn came she had to leave without making the call others were waiting to call their children they were desperate so i left she said this moment occurred at a time when she felt an urgent need to speak to her sister as she was feeling suffocated she had been staying with her natal family who were unsupportive of her decision to take legal action against her abusive husband the lockdown had further complicated her situation she could no longer go to her workplace where she was employed as a school teacher and being confined indoors with her unsupportive family only deepened her discomfort and sense of isolation by august 2019 her case had already been adjourned multiple times before the lockdown and after restrictions eased in and phones were restored in feb 2020 just as the next hearing was scheduled a new lockdown was imposed this time due to the surge of covid 19 during this period courts shifted to online hearings but the challenges of adapting to virtual proceedings created significant obstacles both she and the other woman sitting there faced difficulties in keeping up with the digital format and following up with their lawyer both of them were in court not for discussing their next hearing but to press for out of court settlement are these women exceptions the answer is no emotional burnout is not just a consequence of prolonged legal battles or the isolated nature of domestic violence it becomes an even more profound challenge in conflict ridden states like kashmir in these environments women must fight not only for their basic safety and dignity at home but also navigate the extra layers of societal and institutional strain caused by political instability violence and disrupted 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