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parte grundrisse a contribution to the critique of political economy value price and profit das kapital the civil war in france critique of the gotha programme anti dühring the origin of the family private property and the state ludwig feuerbach and the end of classical german philosophy early 20th century what is to be done the accumulation of capital imperialism the highest stage of capitalism terrorism and communism the state and revolution essays on marx s theory of value history and class consciousness prison notebooks the black jacobins mid 20th century and the new left on practice dialectic of enlightenment labor and monopoly capital monopoly capital the wretched of the earth reading capital the society of the spectacle pedagogy of the oppressed ideology and ideological state apparatuses how europe underdeveloped africa anti oedipus social justice and the city discipline and punish late 20th and 21st century women race and class marxism and the oppression of women imagined communities hegemony and socialist strategy the sublime object of ideology gender trouble time labor and social domination the age of extremes the origin of capitalism marx s ecology empire caliban and the witch capitalist realism capital in the anthropocene people classical marx engels orthodox bernstein bukharin connolly kautsky kollontai lafargue lenin liebknecht luxemburg morris plekhanov trotsky zetkin marxist leninists bettelheim davis ghandy haywood parenti roy trường western marxists adorno althusser benjamin bloch gramsci habermas horkheimer korsch lefebvre lukács marcuse poulantzas sartre austromarxists adler bauer hilferding left communists bordiga damen gorter mattick pannekoek economists braverman grossman kalecki mandel marini rubin sweezy uno wolff historians anderson deutscher hobsbawm losurdo thompson wood revolutionary leaders castro guevara hampton ho kim malaka mao newton sankara stalin zachariadis anti colonial and postcolonial theorists amin cabral davis du bois fanon james jones mariátegui mohanty nkrumah rodney spivak later 20th and 21st century badiou balibar baudrillard bensaïd butler cohen dauvé debord deleuze and guattari derrida eagleton federici foster foucault fraser hall harvey heinrich jameson laclau and mouffe löwy miliband negri postone rancière saito tronti vogel wallerstein williams wright žižek journals antipode capital class capitalism nature socialism critique journal of socialist theory historical materialism mediations monthly review new left review race class rethinking marxism science society socialist register related topics critiques criticism of marxism concepts conflict theory economic determinism historical determinism economism intercommunalism postcolonialism scientific socialism vanguardism vulgar marxism movements communism history left wing politics new old ultra municipalism socialism authoritarian democratic eco market reformist revolutionary social democracy utopian practices collectivization nationalization planned economy worker cooperative workers council communism portal socialism portal politics portal v t e in marxist philosophy the dominant ideology is the attitudes beliefs values and morals shared by the majority of the people in a given society as a mechanism of social control the dominant ideology frames how the majority of the population thinks about the nature of society their place in society and their connection to a social class 1 in the german ideology 1845 karl marx and friedrich engels said that the ideas of the ruling class are in any age the ruling ideas applied to every social class in service to the interests of the ruling class in revolutionary praxis the slogan the dominant ideology is the ideology of the dominant class summarises ideology s function as a basis for revolution 2 in a capitalist bourgeois society marxist revolutionary praxis seeks to achieve the social and political circumstances that render the ruling class as politically illegitimate as such it is requisite for the successful deposition of the capitalist system of production then the ideology of the working class achieves and establishes social political and economic dominance so that the proletariat the urban working class and the peasantry can assume power political and economic as the dominant class of the society 2 in non marxist theory the dominant ideology means the values beliefs and morals shared by the social majority which frames how most of the populace think about their society and so to the extent that it does it may or may not serve the interests of the ruling class therefore the extent to which a dominant ideology effectively dominates collective societal thought may or may not have declined during the modern era 3 before marxism edit social control exercised and effected by means of the ideological manipulation of aspects of the common culture of a society religion and politics culture and economy etc to explain and justify the status quo to the political advantage of the dominant ruling class dates from the age of enlightenment in the 18th century citation needed such a method of social control conceptually derived from the noble lie proposed by plato which was required for the social stability of a republic composed of three social classes in book 3 414e 15c of the republic plato presents the noble lie gennaion pseudos γενναῖον ψεῦδος in a fictional tale wherein socrates establishes and justifies the origin of the socially stratified society the earth as being their mother delivered them and now as if their land were their mother and their nurse they ought to take thought for her and defend her against any attack and regard the other citizens as their brothers and children of the self same earth while all of you in the city are brothers we will say in our tale yet god in fashioning those of you who are fitted to hold rule mingled gold in their generation for which reason they are the most precious but in the helpers silver and iron and brass in the farmers and other craftsmen and as you are all akin though for the most part you will breed after your kinds it may sometimes happen that a golden father would beget a silver son and that a golden offspring would come from a silver sire and that the rest would in like manner be born of one another so that the first and chief injunction that the god lays upon the rulers is that of nothing else are they to be such careful guardians and so intently observant as of the intermixture of these metals in the souls of their offspring and if sons are born to them with an infusion of brass or iron they shall by no means give way to pity in their treatment of them but shall assign to each the status due to his nature and thrust them out among the artisans or the farmers and again if from these there is born a son with unexpected gold or silver in his composition they shall honor such and bid them go up higher some to the office of guardian some to the assistanceship alleging that there is an oracle that the city shall then be overthrown when the man of iron or brass is its guardian 4 marxism edit by the nineteenth century karl marx described such ruling class cultural hegemony with the term dominant ideology which described the societal status quo religious and political economic and cultural that characterised the capitalism of the nineteenth century 2 as such marxist philosophy proposes two conceptual models the intentional and the spontaneous to characterise the social function s of the dominant ideology citation needed i intentional see also capitalist propaganda ideology is deliberately constructed by bourgeois and petit bourgeois intellectuals which then is propagated by the mass communications media print radio television cinema internet hence because the bourgeoisie own the communications media as a social class they can select determine and publish the economic social and cultural concepts that constitute the established status quo which are the ideology formal doctrines that serves their interests as the ruling class of the society moreover because the working class own no mass communications media they are overwhelmed by the bourgeoisie s cultural hegemony and because they have no intellectuals of their own they adopt the imposed bourgeois worldview weltanschauung which thus constitutes a false consciousness about their own economic exploitation by the strata of the upper classes with that false awareness the working class lose their social and political economic and cultural independence as a social class ii spontaneous ideology spontaneously originates in every social class of a society as an expression of the existing material structure of the given society based upon their experiences of societal life the men and women of each social class upper middle lower construct their intellectual understanding of the society and because their societal experiences are primarily of capitalist social relations the shared dominant ideology tends to reflect the norms of a capitalist society hence the content of the reportage of a newspaper is determined not by the socio economic and political prejudices of the publisher but by the societal status quo the fixed social narrative that is believed by the publisher and by the readers of the newspaper in organising as trade unions the working class experience and express a different type of social relation within a capitalist society because such an ideological perspective challenges the intellectual and social legitimacy of capitalism by questioning the validity of how society is organised and thus how it functions the successful establishment of a working class ideology worldview represents a collective approach to perceiving and resolving the socio economic political and cultural problems of working class people therefore by means of such an embryonic class consciousness a new material structure within a capitalist society becomes the base of a new ideology that expresses the interests of workers and contradicts the status quo of the bourgeois cultural hegemony proposed and established by the dominant ideology of the capitalist ruling class in marxist theory one of the social classes of a society becomes the ruling class when they are a socially progressive force sufficiently powerful with popular support of the other social classes to overthrow the previous ruling class for example the great bourgeois revolutions of the 17th and 18th centuries occurred because the bourgeoisie had become the standard bearer for social progress the universal class the bourgeoisie gradually began to lose its progressive character and became increasingly reactionary once it came to power since it began to support the status quo rather than seek further social progress citation needed as a consequence the dominant ideology may contain a mixture of socially progressive and regressive elements therefore marxists do not reject everything and anything related to the dominant ideology of capitalism rather they agree with its progressive elements and criticise its regressive elements in other words marxist critiques of the dominant ideology of capitalism are not normally crude rejections of their content but rather of their limiting capitalist form citation needed see also edit cultural hegemony false consciousness framing social sciences ideocracy tui intellectual references edit the new fontana dictionary of modern thought p 236 1 2 3 abercrombie nicholas turner bryan s 1978 the dominant ideology thesis the british journal of sociology 29 2 149 170 doi 10 2307 589886 jstor 589886 abercrombie nicholas turner bryan s june 1978 the dominant ideology thesis the british journal of sociology 29 2 the london school of economics and political science wiley blackwell 149 70 doi 10 2307 589886 jstor 589886 book 3 414e 15c v t e marxist phraseology and terminology philosophy and politics marxist barracks communism base and superstructure bourgeoisie bourgeois democracy bourgeois nationalism bourgeois revolution bourgeois right bourgeois socialism capitalist mode of production class struggle commodification dialectics dictatorship of the proletariat historical materialism imperialism liquidationism lumpenproletariat means of labor metabolic rift petite bourgeoisie praxis primitive accumulation of capital proletarian internationalism proletarian revolution pure communism revisionism revolutionary spontaneity revolutionary wave scientific socialism socialist mode of production super imperialism theoretician two stage theory wage slavery workers of the world unite workers council workers control world communism world revolution sociology and economics marxian critique of political economy accumulation of capital capital capitalist mode of production crisis of capitalism commanding heights of the economy commodity commodity production dominant ideology exchange value free association law of value materialism means of production mode of production productive forces production for use relations of production ruling class simple commodity production socialist mode of production socially necessary labour time socialization social murder subject of labor surplus value use value value worker cooperative marxist leninist anti revisionism cadre central committee democratic centralism dual power enemy of the people foco general line of the party national liberation new class people s democracy politburo political rehabilitation popular front real socialism revisionism revolutionary terror secretariat self criticism socialist accumulation socialism in one country social fascism social imperialism soviet democracy democracy in marxism united front vanguardism trotskyist deformed workers state degenerated workers state bureaucratic collectivism french turn permanent revolution social revolution transitional demand uneven and combined development united front world revolution maoist antagonistic contradiction anti revisionism both red and expert capitalist roader continuous revolution theory the east wind prevails over the west wind four olds marxism leninism maoism mass line new democracy whole process people s democracy one divides into two people s war political power grows out of the barrel of a gun primary stage of socialism revisionism revolutionary base area revolution is not a dinner party social imperialism socialism with chinese characteristics struggle session other people s multiparty democracy mystical logic liberation theology third international theory ho chi minh thought retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title dominant_ideology oldid 1375638622 categories conformity marxist theory hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from august 2026 this page was last edited on 19 september 2026 at 02 18 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the 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