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science, publishers, 440, 57808, 342, 438, enfield, new, hampshire, systematics, integrated, approach, buerki, sven, callmander, martin, acevedo, rodriguez, pedro, lowryii, porter, munzinger, jérôme, bailey, maurin, olivier, brewer, grace, epitawalage, niroshini, baker, william, félix, 2023, june, 108, american, journal, botany, updated, infra, familial, based, targeted, enrichment, royal, gardens, kew, missouri, garden, 2017, april, 2003, department, agriculture, germplasm, resources, network, nom, cons, saccharum, cupana, dimocarpus, didyma, alupag, melicoccus, bijugatus, guinep, blighia, sapida, valued, wood, several, such, popular, source, indian, extracted, effective, commercially, detergents, cosmetics, surfactants, sapindus, drupe, macassar, oil, schleichera, trijuga, ornamentals, ungnadia, cardiospermum, koelreuteria, buckeye, including, products, soapberries, pulasan, korlan, guinip, pitomba, longan, see, also, largely, separated, included, within, more, broadly, circumscribed, confirmed, inclusion, these, group, handeliodendron, billia, dipteronia, both, depending, whether, kept, separate, which, name, member, appears, authors, maintained, however, resulted, former, now, divided, into, 114, genus, 220, 180, 200, 110, 294, ptaeroxylaceae, paraphyly, citation, needed, xanthoceras, rutales, nephelium, lappaceum, viscosa, ripe, fleshy, dry, embryos, bent, coiled, without, seed, frequently, aril, endosperm, samaras, bridgesia, capsules, schizocarps, drupes, berries, nuts, small, functionally, though, either, monoecious, found, grouped, five, absent, between, filaments, hairy, frequent, number, eight, rings, three, six, single, lobed, stigma, wind, insects, birds, style, carpels, gynoecium, nectar, disc, sepals, panicles, cymes, dioecious, habits, ranging, spirally, alternate, those, opposite, but, palmately, simply, palmate, swollen, base, lacks, stipules, petiole, pinnately, lianas, herbaceous, trees, occur, regions, habitat, throughout, milky, mildly, toxic, sap, latex, laticiferous, laurel, known, 138, 858, accepted, examples, horse, chestnut, soapberry, 900, 140, angiosperms, tracheophytes, plantae, kingdom, scientific, not, confused, free, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, version, download, pdf, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, cite, permanent, link, what, here, general, actions, talk, winaray, tiếng, việt, українська, türkçe, ไทย, తెలుగు, தமிழ், svenska, sunda, српски, srpski, slovenščina, simple, scots, русский, runa, simi, português, polski, norsk, bokmål, nederlands, മലയാളം, malagasy, latviešu, lietuvių, kurdî, перем, 한국어, ქართული, 日本語, italiano, bahasa, indonesia, magyar, hornjoserbsce, hrvatski, עברית, galego, nordfriisk, français, suomi, فارسی, euskara, eesti, español, esperanto, deutsch, dansk, čeština, corsu, cebuano, català, bosanski, български, тарашкевіца, azərbaycanca, asturianu, مصرى, العربية, afrikaans, top, special, pages, community, portal, learn, help, contribute, 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nguages afrikaans العربية مصرى asturianu azərbaycanca беларуская тарашкевіца беларуская български bosanski català cebuano corsu čeština dansk deutsch esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi français nordfriisk galego עברית hrvatski hornjoserbsce magyar bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 ქართული 한국어 перем коми kurdî коми lietuvių latviešu malagasy മലയാളം nederlands norsk bokmål polski português runa simi русский scots simple english slovenščina српски srpski sunda svenska தமிழ் తెలుగు ไทย türkçe українська tiếng việt winaray 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikispecies wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia family of flowering plants not to be confused with sapotaceae a family of flowering plants of order ericales sapindaceae litchi chinensis leaves and fruit scientific classification kingdom plantae clade tracheophytes clade angiosperms clade eudicots clade rosids order sapindales family sapindaceae juss subfamilies 1 dodonaeoideae hippocastanoideae sapindoideae xanthoceroideae diversity 1 900 species in ca 140 genera the range of sapindaceae the sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order sapindales known as the soapberry family it contains 138 genera 2 and 1 858 accepted species examples include horse chestnut maples ackee and lychee the sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions many in laurel forest habitat throughout the world many are laticiferous i e they contain latex a milky sap and many contain mildly toxic saponins the largest genera are serjania paullinia allophylus and acer description edit plants of this family have habits ranging from trees to herbaceous plants to lianas the leaves of the tropical genera are usually spirally alternate while those of the temperate maples acer aesculus and a few other genera are opposite they are most often pinnately compound 3 but are palmately compound in aesculus and simply palmate in acer the petiole has a swollen base and lacks stipules 4 the flowers are small and unisexual or functionally unisexual though plants may be either dioecious or monoecious they are usually found in cymes grouped in panicles they most often have four or five petals and sepals petals are absent in dodonaea the stamens range from four to 10 usually on a nectar disc between the petals and stamens their filaments are often hairy the most frequent number is eight in two rings of four the gynoecium contains two or three carpels sometimes up to six the usually single style has a lobed stigma most often they are pollinated by birds or insects with a few species pollinated by wind 4 ripe fruits may be fleshy or dry they may be nuts berries drupes schizocarps capsules bridgesia or samaras acer the embryos are bent or coiled without endosperm in the seed and frequently with an aril 4 dodonaea viscosa flowers rambutan nephelium lappaceum fruits classification edit the sapindaceae are related to the rutaceae and both are usually placed in an order sapindales or rutales depending on whether they are kept separate and which name is used for the order 4 the most basal member appears to be xanthoceras citation needed some authors formerly maintained some or all of hippocastanaceae and aceraceae however this resulted in paraphyly 4 5 the former ptaeroxylaceae now placed in rutaceae were sometimes placed in sapindaceae 6 the family is divided into four subfamilies dodonaeoideae about 38 genera sapindoideae about 114 genera hippocastanoideae 5 genera and xanthoceroideae 1 genus the largest genera are serjania about 220 species paullinia about 180 species and allophylus about 200 species in the tropical sapindoideae and acer about 110 species in the temperate hippocastanoideae 7 294 the largely temperate genera formerly separated in the families aceraceae acer dipteronia and hippocastanaceae aesculus billia handeliodendron were included within a more broadly circumscribed sapindaceae by the angiosperm phylogeny group 8 recent research has confirmed the inclusion of these genera in the sapindaceae 4 5 economically valuable species edit see also list of sapindaceae genera the sapindaceae include many species of economically valuable tropical fruit including the lychee longan pitomba guinip mamoncillo korlan rambutan pulasan and ackee other products include guaraná soapberries and maple syrup some species of maple and buckeye are valued for their wood while several other genera such as koelreuteria cardiospermum and ungnadia are popular ornamentals schleichera trijuga is the source of indian macassar oil saponins extracted from the drupe of sapindus species are effective surfactants and are used commercially in cosmetics and detergents 9 ackee blighia sapida fruit guinep mamoncillo melicoccus bijugatus fruit lychee litchi chinensis fruit alupag dimocarpus didyma fruits guaraná paullinia cupana fruit maple syrup from acer saccharum references edit sapindaceae juss nom cons germplasm resources information network united states department of agriculture 2003 01 17 archived from the original on 2009 05 06 retrieved 2009 04 11 the plant list sapindaceae royal botanic gardens kew and missouri botanic garden retrieved 5 april 2017 buerki sven callmander martin w acevedo rodriguez pedro lowryii porter p munzinger jérôme bailey paul maurin olivier brewer grace e epitawalage niroshini baker william j forest félix an updated infra familial classification of sapindaceae based on targeted enrichment data 2021 american journal of botany 108 retrieved 5 june 2023 1 2 3 4 5 6 singh gurjaran 2004 plant systematics an integrated approach enfield new hampshire science publishers pp 438 440 isbn 1 57808 342 7 1 2 harrington mark g karen j edwards sheila a johnson mark w chase paul a gadek 2005 phylogenetic inference in sapindaceae sensu lato using plastid matk and rbcl dna sequences syst bot 30 2 366 382 bibcode 2005sysbo 30 366h doi 10 1600 0363644054223549 s2cid 85868684 watson l dallwitz m j 2007 sapindaceae juss the families of flowering plants descriptions illustrations identification and information retrieval retrieved 2007 08 27 v h heywood r k brummit a culham o seberg 2007 flowering plant families of the world firefly books ltd isbn 978 1 55407 206 4 stevens p f 2015 1st pub 2001 angiosperm phylogeny website retrieved 28 january 2021 stoffels karin september 2008 soap nut saponins create powerful natural surfactant personal care magazine jeen international corporation archived from the original on 2011 06 15 external links edit sapindaceae in bodd botanical dermatology database usda agricultural research service fruits and seeds of sapindaceae archived 2018 07 15 at the wayback machine v t e families of flowering plants apg iv supergroup plant rhodophyta chlorophyta marchantiophyta bryophyta anthocerotophyta polypodiophyta acrogymnospermae angiospermae basal angio sperms amborellales amborellaceae nymphaeales hydatellaceae cabombaceae nymphaeaceae austrobaileyales austrobaileyaceae trimeniaceae schisandraceae mesangiospermae magnoliidae canellales canellaceae winteraceae piperales aristolochiaceae saururaceae piperaceae magnoliales myristicaceae magnoliaceae degeneriaceae himantandraceae eupomatiaceae annonaceae laurales calycanthaceae siparunaceae gomortegaceae atherospermataceae hernandiaceae monimiaceae lauraceae chloranthidae chloranthales chloranthaceae lilidae monocots acorales acoraceae alismatales araceae tofieldiaceae alismataceae butomaceae hydrocharitaceae scheuchzeriaceae aponogetonaceae juncaginaceae maundiaceae zosteraceae potamogetonaceae posidoniaceae ruppiaceae cymodoceaceae petrosaviales petrosaviaceae dioscoreales nartheciaceae burmanniaceae dioscoreaceae pandanales triuridaceae velloziaceae stemonaceae cyclanthaceae pandanaceae liliales campynemataceae corsiaceae melanthiaceae petermanniaceae alstroemeriaceae colchicaceae philesiaceae ripogonaceae smilacaceae liliaceae asparagales orchidaceae boryaceae blandfordiaceae asteliaceae lanariaceae hypoxidaceae doryanthaceae ixioliriaceae tecophilaeaceae iridaceae xeronemataceae asphodelaceae amaryllidaceae asparagaceae arecales dasypogonaceae arecaceae commelinales hanguanaceae commelinaceae philydraceae pontederiaceae haemodoraceae zingiberales strelitziaceae lowiaceae heliconiaceae musaceae cannaceae marantaceae costaceae zingiberaceae poales typhaceae bromeliaceae rapateaceae xyridaceae eriocaulaceae mayacaceae thurniaceae juncaceae cyperaceae restionaceae flagellariaceae joinvilleaceae ecdeiocoleaceae poaceae ceratophyllidae ceratophyllales ceratophyllaceae eudicots buxales buxaceae proteales sabiaceae nelumbonaceae platanaceae proteaceae ranunculales eupteleaceae papaveraceae circaeasteraceae lardizabalaceae menispermaceae berberidaceae ranunculaceae trochodendrales trochodendraceae dilleniales dilleniaceae gunnerales myrothamnaceae gunneraceae superrosids saxifragales peridiscaceae paeoniaceae altingiaceae hamamelidaceae cercidiphyllaceae daphniphyllaceae iteaceae grossulariaceae saxifragaceae crassulaceae aphanopetalaceae tetracarpaeaceae penthoraceae haloragaceae cynomoriaceae rosids vitales vitaceae fabids cucurbitales apodanthaceae anisophylleaceae corynocarpaceae coriariaceae cucurbitaceae tetramelaceae datiscaceae begoniaceae fabales quillajaceae fabaceae surianaceae polygalaceae fagales nothofagaceae fagaceae myricaceae juglandaceae casuarinaceae ticodendraceae betulaceae rosales rosaceae barbeyaceae dirachmaceae elaeagnaceae rhamnaceae ulmaceae cannabaceae moraceae urticaceae zygophyllales krameriaceae zygophyllaceae celastrales lepidobotryaceae celastraceae malpighiales pandaceae irvingiaceae ctenolophonaceae rhizophoraceae erythroxylaceae ochnaceae bonnetiaceae clusiaceae calophyllaceae podostemaceae hypericaceae caryocaraceae lophopyxidaceae putranjivaceae centroplacaceae elatinaceae malpighiaceae balanopaceae trigoniaceae dichapetalaceae euphroniaceae chrysobalanaceae humiriaceae achariaceae violaceae goupiaceae passifloraceae lacistemataceae salicaceae peraceae rafflesiaceae euphorbiaceae linaceae ixonanthaceae picrodendraceae phyllanthaceae oxalidales huaceae connaraceae oxalidaceae cunoniaceae elaeocarpaceae cephalotaceae brunelliaceae malvids brassicales akaniaceae tropaeolaceae moringaceae caricaceae limnanthaceae setchellanthaceae koeberliniaceae bataceae salvadoraceae emblingiaceae tovariaceae pentadiplandraceae gyrostemonaceae resedaceae capparaceae cleomaceae brassicaceae crossosomatales aphloiaceae geissolomataceae strasburgeriaceae staphyleaceae guamatelaceae stachyuraceae crossosomataceae geraniales geraniaceae francoaceae huerteales gerrardinaceae petenaeaceae tapisciaceae dipentodontaceae malvales cytinaceae muntingiaceae neuradaceae malvaceae sphaerosepalaceae thymelaeaceae bixaceae cistaceae sarcolaenaceae dipterocarpaceae myrtales combretaceae lythraceae onagraceae vochysiaceae myrtaceae melastomataceae crypteroniaceae alzateaceae penaeaceae picramniales picramniaceae sapindales biebersteiniaceae nitrariaceae kirkiaceae burseraceae anacardiaceae sapindaceae rutaceae simaroubaceae meliaceae superasterids berberidopsidales aextoxicaceae berberidopsidaceae caryophyllales frankeniaceae tamaricaceae plumbaginaceae polygonaceae droseraceae nepenthaceae drosophyllaceae dioncophyllaceae ancistrocladaceae rhabdodendraceae simmondsiaceae physenaceae asteropeiaceae macarthuriaceae microteaceae caryophyllaceae achatocarpaceae amaranthaceae stegnospermataceae limeaceae lophiocarpaceae kewaceae barbeuiaceae gisekiaceae aizoaceae phytolaccaceae petiveriaceae sarcobataceae nyctaginaceae molluginaceae montiaceae didiereaceae basellaceae halophytaceae talinaceae portulacaceae anacampserotaceae cactaceae santalales olacaceae opiliaceae balanophoraceae santalaceae misodendraceae schoepfiaceae loranthaceae asterids cornales nyssaceae hydrostachyaceae hydrangeaceae loasaceae curtisiaceae grubbiaceae cornaceae ericales balsaminaceae marcgraviaceae tetrameristaceae fouquieriaceae polemoniaceae lecythidaceae sladeniaceae pentaphylacaceae sapotaceae ebenaceae primulaceae theaceae symplocaceae diapensiaceae styracaceae sarraceniaceae roridulaceae actinidiaceae clethraceae cyrillaceae ericaceae mitrastemonaceae lamiids icacinales oncothecaceae icacinaceae metteniusales metteniusaceae garryales eucommiaceae garryaceae gentianales rubiaceae gentianaceae loganiaceae gelsemiaceae apocynaceae boraginales boraginaceae vahliales vahliaceae solanales convolvulaceae solanaceae montiniaceae sphenocleaceae hydroleaceae lamiales plocospermataceae carlemanniaceae oleaceae tetrachondraceae calceolariaceae gesneriaceae plantaginaceae scrophulariaceae stilbaceae linderniaceae byblidaceae martyniaceae pedaliaceae acanthaceae bignoniaceae lentibulariaceae schlegeliaceae thomandersiaceae verbenaceae lamiaceae mazaceae phrymaceae paulowniaceae orobanchaceae campanulids apiales pennantiaceae torricelliaceae griseliniaceae pittosporaceae araliaceae myodocarpaceae apiaceae aquifoliales stemonuraceae cardiopteridaceae phyllonomaceae helwingiaceae aquifoliaceae asterales rousseaceae campanulaceae pentaphragmataceae stylidiaceae alseuosmiaceae phellinaceae argophyllaceae menyanthaceae goodeniaceae calyceraceae asteraceae bruniales columelliaceae bruniaceae dipsacales adoxaceae caprifoliaceae escalloniales escalloniaceae paracryphiales paracryphiaceae category taxon identifiers sapindaceae wikidata q27147 wikispecies sapindaceae apni 54463 atrf sapindaceae bold 102147 col fy3 eol 4415 eppo 1sapf florabase 22858 fna 10792 foao2 sapindaceae foc 10792 gbif old 6657 grin 999 inaturalist 58321 ipni 30000506 2 irmng 113084 itis 28657 nbn nbnsys0000160926 ncbi 23672 nzor 292a367d 2219 45a4 b3c4 adac01c1090c open tree of life 22442 paleobiology database 54692 plazi 274bfff0 2698 1ac6 20dc afdefd6ef903 powo urn lsid ipni org names 30000506 2 tropicos 42000256 vascan 213 vicflora c68c07f4 dd08 46d9 b4e4 f8eb77d97ffb watson dallwitz sapindac wfo wfo 7000000544 authority control databases international gnd national united states france bnf data czech republic israel other yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title sapindaceae oldid 1354935549 categories sapindaceae sapindales families saponaceous plants hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles using diversity taxobox articles with species microformats all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from july 2018 webarchive template wayback links taxonbars with 25 29 taxon ids this page was last edited on 19 may 2026 at 01 46 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the 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