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cells, development, cell, tcr, selection, during, and, cancer, cd4, contents, types, of, activation, clinical, significance, see, also, references, further, reading, origin, early, migration, to, the, thymus, thymic, output, conventional, adaptive, innate, like, antigen, discrimination, deficiency, exhaustion, chain, positive, negative, summary, helper, cytotoxic, cd8, memory, regulatory, natural, killer, mucosal, associated, invariant, gamma, delta, chronic, infection, sepsis, transplantation,

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and lymphocyte activation molecular biology of the cell 4th ed garland science alberts b johnson a lewis j raff m roberts k walter p 2002 helper t cells and lymphocyte activation molecular biology of the cell 4th ed garland science p 1367 t cells derive their name from the organs in which they develop t cells develop mature in the thymus luckheeram rv zhou r verma ad xia b 2012 cd4 t cells differentiation and functions clinical developmental immunology 2012 925135 doi 10 1155 2012 925135 pmc 3312336 pmid 22474485 kondo m december 2016 one niche to rule both maintenance and loss of stemness in hscs immunity 45 6 1177 1179 doi 10 1016 j immuni 2016 12 003 pmid 28002722 osborne lc dhanji s snow jw priatel jj ma mc miners mj et al march 2007 impaired cd8 t cell memory and cd4 t cell primary responses in il 7r alpha mutant mice the journal of experimental medicine 204 3 619 631 doi 10 1084 jem 20061871 pmc 2137912 pmid 17325202 murphy kenneth 2011 janeway s immunobiology 8th ed garland science pp 301 305 isbn 978 0 8153 4243 4 ross jo melichar hj au yeung bb herzmark p weiss a robey ea june 2014 distinct phases in the positive selection of cd8 t cells distinguished by intrathymic migration and t cell receptor signaling patterns proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america 111 25 e2550 e2558 bibcode 2014pnas 111e2550r doi 10 1073 pnas 1408482111 pmc 4078834 pmid 24927565 štefanov́a irena dorfman jeffrey r tsukamoto makoto germain ronald n february 2003 on the role of self recognition in t cell responses to foreign antigen immunological reviews 191 1 97 106 doi 10 1034 j 1600 065x 2003 00006 x issn 0105 2896 pmid 12614354 starr tk jameson sc hogquist ka 2003 01 01 positive and negative selection of t cells annual review of immunology 21 1 139 176 doi 10 1146 annurev immunol 21 120601 141107 pmid 12414722 zerrahn j held w raulet dh march 1997 the mhc reactivity of the t cell repertoire prior to positive and negative selection cell 88 5 627 636 doi 10 1016 s0092 8674 00 81905 4 pmid 9054502 s2cid 15983629 hinterberger m aichinger m prazeres da costa o voehringer d hoffmann r klein l june 2010 autonomous role of medullary thymic epithelial cells in central cd4 t cell tolerance pdf nature immunology 11 6 512 519 doi 10 1038 ni 1874 pmid 20431619 s2cid 33154019 pekalski ml garcía ar ferreira rc rainbow db smyth dj mashar m brady j savinykh n dopico xc mahmood s duley s stevens he walker nm cutler aj waldron lynch f dunger db shannon lowe c coles aj jones jl wallace c todd ja wicker ls august 2017 neonatal and adult recent thymic emigrants produce il 8 and express complement receptors cr1 and cr2 jci insight 2 16 e93739 doi 10 1172 jci insight 93739 pmc 5621870 pmid 28814669 murphy kenneth 2011 janeway s immunobiology 8th ed garland science p 297 isbn 978 0 8153 4243 4 haynes bf markert ml sempowski gd patel dd hale lp 2000 the role of the thymus in immune reconstitution in aging bone marrow transplantation and hiv 1 infection annu rev immunol 18 529 560 doi 10 1146 annurev immunol 18 1 529 pmid 10837068 gutcher i becher b 2007 apc derived cytokines and t cell polarization in autoimmune inflammation j clin invest 117 5 1119 27 doi 10 1172 jci31720 pmc 1857272 pmid 17476341 wang w sung n gilman sachs a kwak kim j 18 august 2020 t helper th cell profiles in pregnancy and recurrent pregnancy losses th1 th2 th9 th17 th22 tfh cells frontiers in immunology 11 2025 doi 10 3389 fimmu 2020 02025 pmc 7461801 pmid 32973809 a b saravia j chapman nm chi h july 2019 helper t cell differentiation cellular molecular immunology 16 7 634 643 doi 10 1038 s41423 019 0220 6 pmc 6804569 pmid 30867582 jia l wu c 2014 the biology and functions of th22 cells t helper cell differentiation and their function advances in experimental medicine and biology vol 841 pp 209 230 doi 10 1007 978 94 017 9487 9_8 isbn 978 94 017 9486 2 pmid 25261209 sallusto f lenig d förster r lipp m lanzavecchia a 1999 two subsets of memory t lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions nature 401 6754 708 712 bibcode 1999natur 401 708s doi 10 1038 44385 pmid 10537110 s2cid 4378970 akbar an terry l timms a beverley pc janossy g april 1988 loss of cd45r and gain of uchl1 reactivity is a feature of primed t cells j immunol 140 7 2171 8 doi 10 4049 jimmunol 140 7 2171 pmid 2965180 s2cid 22340282 willinger t freeman t hasegawa h mcmichael aj callan mf 2005 molecular signatures distinguish human central memory from effector memory cd8 t cell subsets pdf journal of immunology 175 9 5895 903 doi 10 4049 jimmunol 175 9 5895 pmid 16237082 s2cid 16412760 koch s larbi a derhovanessian e özcelik d naumova e pawelec g 2008 multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of cd4 and cd8 t cell subsets in young and old people immunity ageing 5 6 6 doi 10 1186 1742 4933 5 6 pmc 2515281 pmid 18657274 shin h iwasaki a september 2013 tissue resident memory t cells immunological reviews 255 1 165 81 doi 10 1111 imr 12087 pmc 3748618 pmid 23947354 lee yj jameson sc hogquist ka 2011 alternative memory in the cd8 t cell lineage trends in immunology 32 2 50 56 doi 10 1016 j it 2010 12 004 pmc 3039080 pmid 21288770 marusina ai ono y merleev aa shimoda m ogawa h wang ea kondo k olney l luxardi g miyamura y yilma td villalobos ib bergstrom jw kronenberg dg soulika am adamopoulos ie maverakis e 2017 cd4 virtual memory antigen inexperienced t cells reside in the naïve regulatory and memory t cell compartments at similar frequencies implications for autoimmunity journal of autoimmunity 77 76 88 doi 10 1016 j jaut 2016 11 001 pmc 6066671 pmid 27894837 abbas ak benoist c bluestone ja campbell dj ghosh s hori s jiang s kuchroo vk mathis d roncarolo mg rudensky a sakaguchi s shevach em vignali da ziegler sf 2013 regulatory t cells recommendations to simplify the nomenclature nat immunol 14 4 307 8 doi 10 1038 ni 2554 pmid 23507634 s2cid 11294516 singh b schwartz ja sandrock c bellemore sm nikoopour e 2013 modulation of autoimmune diseases by interleukin il 17 producing regulatory t helper th17 cells indian j med res 138 5 591 4 pmc 3928692 pmid 24434314 godfrey di uldrich ap mccluskey j rossjohn j moody db november 2015 the burgeoning family of unconventional t cells nature immunology 16 11 1114 1123 doi 10 1038 ni 3298 pmid 26482978 s2cid 30992456 de araújo nd gama fm de souza barros m ribeiro tl alves fs xabregas la et al 2021 translating unconventional t cells and their roles in leukemia antitumor immunity journal of immunology research 2021 6633824 doi 10 1155 2021 6633824 pmc 7808823 pmid 33506055 mallevaey t fontaine j breuilh l paget c castro keller a vendeville c capron m leite de moraes m trottein f faveeuw c may 2007 invariant and noninvariant natural killer t cells exert opposite regulatory functions on the immune response during murine schistosomiasis infection and immunity 75 5 2171 80 doi 10 1128 iai 01178 06 pmc 1865739 pmid 17353286 a b c d napier rj adams ej gold mc lewinsohn dm 2015 07 06 the role of mucosal associated invariant t cells in antimicrobial immunity frontiers in immunology 6 344 doi 10 3389 fimmu 2015 00344 pmc 4492155 pmid 26217338 gold mc lewinsohn dm august 2011 mucosal associated invariant t cells and the immune response to infection microbes and infection 13 8 9 742 8 doi 10 1016 j micinf 2011 03 007 pmc 3130845 pmid 21458588 eckle sb corbett aj keller an chen z godfrey di liu l mak jy fairlie dp rossjohn j mccluskey j december 2015 recognition of vitamin b precursors and byproducts by mucosal associated invariant t cells the journal of biological chemistry 290 51 30204 11 doi 10 1074 jbc r115 685990 pmc 4683245 pmid 26468291 ussher je klenerman p willberg cb 2014 10 08 mucosal associated invariant t cells new players in anti bacterial immunity frontiers in immunology 5 450 doi 10 3389 fimmu 2014 00450 pmc 4189401 pmid 25339949 a b c howson lj salio m cerundolo v 2015 06 16 mr1 restricted mucosal associated invariant t cells and their activation 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annurev immunol 25 022106 141548 pmid 17129182 janssen em lemmens ee wolfe t christen u von herrath mg schoenberger sp february 2003 cd4 t cells are required for secondary expansion and memory in cd8 t lymphocytes nature 421 6925 852 6 bibcode 2003natur 421 852j doi 10 1038 nature01441 pmid 12594515 s2cid 574770 shedlock dj shen h april 2003 requirement for cd4 t cell help in generating functional cd8 t cell memory science 300 5617 337 9 bibcode 2003sci 300 337s doi 10 1126 science 1082305 pmid 12690201 s2cid 38040377 sun jc williams ma bevan mj september 2004 cd4 t cells are required for the maintenance not programming of memory cd8 t cells after acute infection nature immunology 5 9 927 33 doi 10 1038 ni1105 pmc 2776074 pmid 15300249 jennifer rolland and robyn o hehir turning off the t cells peptides for treatment of allergic diseases today s life science publishing 1999 page 32 maverakis e kim k shimoda m gershwin m patel f wilken r raychaudhuri s ruhaak lr lebrilla cb 2015 glycans 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s12929 015 0194 3 pmc 4608155 pmid 26471060 a b feinerman o germain rn altan bonnet g 2008 quantitative challenges in understanding ligand discrimination by alphabeta t cells mol immunol 45 3 619 31 doi 10 1016 j molimm 2007 03 028 pmc 2131735 pmid 17825415 dushek o van der merwe pa 2014 an induced rebinding model of antigen discrimination trends immunol 35 4 153 8 doi 10 1016 j it 2014 02 002 pmc 3989030 pmid 24636916 a b t cell disorders at emedicine a b jones j bannister ba gillespie sh eds 2006 infection microbiology and management wiley blackwell p 435 isbn 978 1 4051 2665 6 the lymphomas pdf the leukemia lymphoma society may 2006 p 2 retrieved 2008 04 07 a b c kaminski h lemoine m pradeu t september 2021 immunological exhaustion how to make a disparate concept operational plos pathogens 17 9 e1009892 doi 10 1371 journal ppat 1009892 pmc 8460019 pmid 34555119 blank cu haining wn held w hogan pg kallies a lugli e et al november 2019 defining t cell exhaustion nature reviews immunology 19 11 665 674 bibcode 2019natri 19 665b doi 10 1038 s41577 019 0221 9 pmc 7286441 pmid 31570879 naulaerts s datsi a borras dm antoranz martinez a messiaen j vanmeerbeek i sprooten j laureano rs govaerts j panovska d derweduwe m sabel mc rapp m ni w mackay s van herck y gelens l venken t more s bechter o bergers g liston a de vleeschouwer s van den eynde bj lambrechts d verfaillie m bosisio f tejpar s borst j sorg rv de smet f garg ad april 2023 multiomics and spatial mapping characterizes human cd8 t cell states in cancer science translational medicine 15 691 eadd1016 doi 10 1126 scitranslmed add1016 hdl 2078 1 278089 pmid 37043555 galluzzi l smith kn liston a garg ad april 2025 the diversity of cd8 t cell dysfunction in cancer and viral infection nature reviews immunology 25 9 662 679 doi 10 1038 s41577 025 01161 6 pmid 40216888 yi js cox ma zajac aj april 2010 t cell exhaustion characteristics causes and conversion immunology 129 4 474 81 doi 10 1111 j 1365 2567 2010 03255 x pmc 2842494 pmid 20201977 wang q pan w liu y luo j zhu d lu y feng x yang x dittmer u lu m yang d liu j 2018 hepatitis b virus specific cd8 t cells maintain functional exhaustion after antigen reexposure in an acute activation immune environment front immunol 9 219 doi 10 3389 fimmu 2018 00219 pmc 5816053 pmid 29483916 matloubian m concepcion rj ahmed r december 1994 cd4 t cells are required to sustain cd8 cytotoxic t cell responses during chronic viral infection journal of virology 68 12 8056 63 doi 10 1128 jvi 68 12 8056 8063 1994 pmc 237269 pmid 7966595 angelosanto jm blackburn sd crawford a wherry ej august 2012 progressive loss of memory t cell potential and commitment to exhaustion during chronic viral infection journal of virology 86 15 8161 70 doi 10 1128 jvi 00889 12 pmc 3421680 pmid 22623779 wherry ej june 2011 t cell exhaustion nature immunology 12 6 492 9 doi 10 1038 ni 2035 pmid 21739672 s2cid 11052693 okagawa t konnai s nishimori a maekawa n goto s ikebuchi r kohara j suzuki y yamada s kato y m...

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