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baku in a mass exodus 1 2 new republics in the caucasus the new york times current history 11 2 492 march 1920 1 2 3 4 michael smith pamiat ob utratakh i azerbaidzhanskoe obshchestvo traumatic loss and azerbaijani national memory azerbaidzhan i rossiia obshchestva i gosudarstva azerbaijan and russia societies and states in russian sakharov center archived from the original on 1 april 2020 retrieved 21 august 2011 1 2 de waal thomas 2010 the caucasus an introduction oxford university press p 62 isbn 978 0 19 539976 9 in the so called march days of 1918 baku descended into a mini civil war after the bolsheviks declared war on musavat party and then stood by as dashnak militias rampaged through the city killing azerbaijanis indiscriminately suny ronald grigor 1993 the revenge of the past nationalism revolution and the collapse of the soviet union stanford university press pp 41 42 isbn 0 8047 2247 1 buttino marco 1993 in a collapsing empire underdevelopment ethnic conflicts and nationalisms in the soviet union volume 28 feltrinelli editor p 176 isbn 88 07 99048 2 violence increased during the civil war with massacres of azeri turks by the combined forced of armenian dashnaktsutiun party and the bolsheviks firuz kazemzadeh struggle for transcaucasia 1917 1921 new york philosophical library 1951 азербайджан и россия общества и государства old sakharov center ru archived from the original on 1 april 2020 retrieved 14 may 2013 tadeusz swietochowski russian azerbaijan 1905 1920 the shaping of a national identity in a muslim community cambridge university press 2004 isbn 0 521 52245 5 9780521522458 pp 116 118 the truly tragic turn of events came after acceptance of the ultimatum when the dashnakist allies of the bolsheviks took to looting burning and killing in the muslim sections of the city world and its peoples the middle east western asia and northern africa marshall cavendish 2006 p 786 isbn 0 7614 7571 0 muslims in baku revolted in march 1918 but their uprising was suppressed by the city s armenians de waal thomas 2003 black garden armenia and azerbaijan through peace and war nyu press p 100 isbn 0 8147 1945 7 when in march 1918 azerbaijanis revolted against the baku commune armenian dashnaks and bolshevik troops poured into the azerbaijani quarters of the city and slaughtered thousands suny ronald grigor 1993 the revenge of the past nationalism revolution and the collapse of the soviet union stanford university press p 42 isbn 0 8047 2247 1 after crushing a muslim revolt in the city the bolshevik led government with its small red guard was forced to rely on armenian troops led by dashnak officers cronin stephanie 2004 reformers and revolutionaries in modern iran new perspectives on the iranian left psychology press p 91 isbn 0 415 33128 5 after the march days the bolsheviks finally came to power and established their famous baku commune in april 1918 1 2 shahumyan stepan 1959 letters 1896 1918 yerevan state publishing house of armenia pp 63 67 on one side were fighting the soviet red guard the red international army recently organized by us the red fleet which we had succeeded in reorganizing in a short time and armenian national units on the other side the muslim savage division in which there were quite a few russian officers and bands of armed muslims led by the musavat party for us the results of the battle were brilliant the destruction of the enemy was complete more than three thousand were killed on both sides 1 2 pasdermadjian 1918 p 193 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 suny 1972 pp 217 221 croissant michael 1998 the armenia azerbaijan conflict causes and implications greenwood publishing group p 14 isbn 0 275 96241 5 the oil rich city of baku had emerged as a stronghold of bolshevism shortly after the october russian revolution and friction between the bolsheviks and the pan turkic musavat party sparked a brief civil war in march 1918 suny ronald grigor 2019 the baku commune 1917 1918 class and nationality in the russian revolution princeton university press p 350 doi 10 1515 9780691198521 isbn 978 0 691 19852 1 1 2 michael p croissant the armenia azerbaijan conflict causes and implications p 14 isbn 0 275 96241 5 hovannisian richard g 1967 armenia on the road to independence 1918 berkeley university of california press p 227 isbn 0 520 00574 0 croissant michael p 1998 the armenia azerbaijan conflict causes and implications london praeger p 15 isbn 0 275 96241 5 van schendel willem zürcher erik jan 2001 identity politics in central asia and the muslim world i b tauris isbn 1 86064 261 6 page needed swietochowski tadeusz collins brian c 1999 historical dictionary of azerbaijan scarecrow press p 117 isbn 0 8108 3550 9 1 2 kazemzadeh 1950 pp 83 northcote 1922 pp 788 1 2 pasdermadjian 1918 pp 192 swietochowski 2004 pp 113 hovannisian armenia s road to independence pp 288 289 kazemzadeh 1950 pp 69 1 2 soviet russia published by russian soviet government bureau 1920 page 236 luigi villari fire and sword in the caucasus page 186 1 2 stepan shahumyan letters 1896 1918 state publishing house of armenia yerevan 1959 pp 63 67 altstadt 1992 pp 85 the russian revolution as national revolution tragic deaths and rituals of remembrance in muslim azerbaijan 1907 1920 jahrbücher für geschichte osteuropas vol 49 2001 минц и городецкого е 1940 документы по истории гражданской войны в ссср т первый этап гражданской войны vol 1 pp 282 283 swietochowski 2004 pp 115 g tchalkhouchian le livre rouge paris veradzenout 1919 pp 85 86 b baikov воспоминания о революции в закавказии memoirs of russian kadet in baku 1917 1920 p 122 achiq söz no 627 1918 cited in ratgauzer 1927 pp 143 alex marshall 2009 the caucasus under soviet rule volume 12 of routledge studies in the history of russia and eastern europe ed taylor francis p 89 isbn 9780415410120 swietochowski 2004 pp 116 г гасанов н саркисов статьи советская власть в баку в 1918 году бакинская коммуна историк марксист no 5 069 1938 41 baku in flames as battle rages 2 000 killed and 3 000 wounded in struggle between russians and mussulmans new york times 20 may 1918 p 2 retrieved 18 august 2011 1 2 land of eternal fires so the little republic of azerbaidjan is called its territorial dispute with armenia pdf new york times 19 october 1919 retrieved 22 august 2011 claims of the peace delegation of the republic of caucasian azerbaijan presented to the peace conference in paris paris 1919 pp 18 19 ratgauzer 1927 pp 144 richard pipes the formation of the soviet union communism and nationalism 1917 1923 p 200 russia and a divided azerbaijan a borderland in transition by tadeusz świętochowski columbia university press 1995 p 66 croissant michael p the armenia azerbaijan conflict causes and implications p 14 1 2 decree of president of republic of azerbaijan about genocide of azerbaijani people march 1998 pace written declaration recognition of the genocide perpetrated against the azeri population by the armenians parliamentary assembly of the council of europe doc 9066 2nd edition 14 may 2001 archived from the original on 7 june 2007 shahumyan stepan 1959 letters 1896 1918 yerevan state publishing house of armenia pp 63 67 on one side were fighting the soviet red guard the red international army recently organized by us the red fleet which we had succeeded in reorganizing in a short time and armenian national units on the other side the muslim savage division in which there were quite a few russian officers and bands of armed muslims led by the musavat party for us the results of the battle were brilliant the destruction of the enemy was complete more than three thousand were killed on both sides pasdermadjian 1918 p 193 de waal thomas 2010 the caucasus an introduction oxford university press p 62 isbn 978 0 19 539976 9 in the so called march days of 1918 baku descended into a mini civil war after the bolsheviks declared war on musavat party and then stood by as dashnak militias rampaged through the city killing azerbaijanis indiscriminately suny 1972 pp 217 221 croissant michael 1998 the armenia azerbaijan conflict causes and implications greenwood publishing group p 14 isbn 0 275 96241 5 the oil rich city of baku had emerged as a stronghold of bolshevism shortly after the october russian revolution and friction between the bolsheviks and the pan turkic musavat party sparked a brief civil war in march 1918 victor serge year one of the russian revolution 6 the truce and the great retrenchment www marxists org peter hopkirk like hidden fire kodansha 1995 tadeusz swietochowski russia and azerbaijan a borderland in transition isbn 0 231 07068 3 page needed swietochowski 2004 pp 119 1 2 marshall alex 2009 the caucasus under soviet rule taylor francis p 96 isbn 978 0 415 41012 0 1 2 kazemzadeh 1950 pp 143 144 b ishkhanian великие ужасы в городе баку tbilisi 1920 pp 28 30 quoted kazemzadeh 1950 pp 143 144 azerbaijan newspaper 6 december 1919 алиев г а мужественный борец за дело ленина за коммунизм к 100 летию со дня рождения с г шаумяна доклад на торжественном собрании посвященном 100 летию со дня рождения с г шаумяна баку 11 октября 1978 года баку 1978 с 16 stepan shahumyan letters 1896 1918 state publishing house of armenia yerevan 1959 pp 63 67 swietochowski 2004 pp 118 и сталин положение на кавказе www hrono ru 1 2 kazemzadeh 1950 pp 73 jean loris melikof la revolution russe et les nouvelles republiques transcaucasiennes paris felix alcan 1920 pp 115 117 1 2 3 4 5 herbert adams gibbons 1919 the new map of asia 1900 1919 published by the century co page 321 tadeusz swietochowski russia and azerbaijan a borderland in transition isbn 0 231 07068 3 kazemzadeh 1950 pp 75 ereignisse im märz april 1918 in aserbaidschan wissenschaftliche dienste des deutschen bundestages sachstand wd 1 3000 014 16 retrieved 7 june 2019 rüdiger kipke konfliktherd kaukasus aserbaidschan im fokus sowjet russischer und armenischer interessen 2015 s 7 8 j3784 2011 memorializing governor andrew m cuomo to proclaim saturday march 31 2012 as azerbaijani remembrance day in the state of new york the new york state senate 27 march 2012 retrieved 30 june 2012 new york state senate adopts resolution proclaiming march 31 as remembrance day of azerbaijanis subjected to genocide azertag state news agency 24 june 2012 retrieved 30 june 2012 nevada governor proclaims 31 march azerbaijani remembrance day news az retrieved 4 january 2011 bibliography edit kazemzadeh firuz 1950 the struggle for transcaucasia 1917 1921 anglo caspian press lted p 360 isbn 978 0 9560004 0 8 cite book isbn date incompatibility help alstatdt audrey l 1992 the azerbaijani turks power and identity under russian rule hoover press isbn 978 0 8179 9182 1 ratgauzer iakov a 1927 революция и гражданская война в баку 1917 1918 красный восток swietochowski tadeusz 2004 russian azerbaijan 1905 1920 the shaping of a national identity in a muslim community cambridge university press isbn 978 0 521 52245 8 suny ronald grigor 1972 the baku commune princeton university press pp 217 221 isbn 978 0 691 05193 2 northcote dudley s 1922 saving forty thousand armenians current history new york times co retrieved 12 december 2008 pasdermadjian garegin 1918 why armenia should be free armenia s role in the present war the armenian national union of america pp 188 199 balayev aydin october 2008 a defining moment for azerbaijan azerbaijan in the world i 18 archived from the original on 5 april 2023 retrieved 21 may 2009 smith michael g 2001 anatomy of a rumour murder scandal the musavat party and narratives of the russian revolution in baku 1917 20 journal of contemporary history 36 2 211 240 doi 10 1177 002200940103600202 issn 0022 0094 s2cid 159744435 v t e anti azerbaijanism events armenian tatar massacres 1905 1906 massacres of azerbaijanis in armenia 1917 1921 march days 1918 stalinist repressions in azerbaijan deportation of azerbaijanis from armenia 1948 1992 gugark pogrom 1988 violence in stepanakert 1988 black january 1990 khojaly massacre 1992 iran cockroach cartoon controversy 2006 fitilieh programme controversy 2015 see also list of massacres of azerbaijanis v t e azerbaijan articles history early stone age bronze and iron age kura araxes culture nakhchivan culture khojaly gadabay culture shulaveri shomu culture mughan culture leyla tepe culture achaemenid empire caucasian albania parthian empire arran caucasus sasanian empire shirvan middle ages sajid dynasty sallarid dynasty shaddadids shirvanshahs eldiguzids ilkhanate kara koyunlu aq qoyunlu safavid iran afsharid iran khanates of the caucasus zand dynasty qajar iran russo persian war 1804 13 treaty of gulistan russo persian war 1826 1828 treaty of turkmenchay modern armenian tatar massacres march days armenian azerbaijani war 1918 1920 azerbaijan democratic republic soviet azerbaijan first nagorno karabakh war black january independent azerbaijan second nagorno karabakh war by topic history of the name azerbaijan azerbaijan national awakening the land of fire geography bodies of water caspian sea climate climate change earthquakes environment issues extreme points fauna flora geology caves mountains lakes national parks orography protected areas state reserves wildlife subdivisions administrative divisions borders cities world heritage sites politics government cabinet constitution elections foreign relations human rights lgbt children s rights law enforcement military national assembly political parties politics president prime minister migration economy agriculture central bank companies energy manat currency metallurgy mineral industry natural resources petroleum industry radio telecommunications television tourism transport culture animation architecture art cinema cuisine wine customs dances dress folklore holidays national identity language literature media music mythology novruz new year public holidays religion rug sport tea culture theatre wedding demographics education ethnic minorities gender equality health healthcare languages lgbt rights people list women symbols flag national anthem national emblem outline bibliography category portal v t e azerbaijan democratic republic leadership alimardan bey topchubashov fatali khan khoyski mammad hasan hajinski mammad amin rasulzade nariman bey narimanbeyov nasib yusifbeyli conflicts battle of aghsu battle of binagadi battle of baku mughan clashes battle of yalama battle of sarvan battle of goychay battle of kurdamir march days military first infantry division ganja military school general quartermaster department national army national military school special corps government declaration of independence flag national council parliament treasury chamber territories republic of aras provisional military dictatorship of mughan mughan soviet republic other demographics islamic army of the caucasus in azerbaijani media students abroad 26 baku commissars centrocaspian dictatorship retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title march_days oldid 1372369903 categories april 1918 in asi...
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