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t windows server failover clustering with an internal load balancer see failover clustering this diagram includes the following two vm instances in the same region and different zones for the failover cluster called node 1 and node 2 one hosts the primary replica of the sql server database while the other node hosts the secondary replica a third vm called witness serves as a file share witness to provide a tie breaking vote and achieve a quorum for failover an internal load balancer in front of the cluster provides a single endpoint for sql server clients and uses a health check to ensure that traffic is directed to the active node objectives this tutorial aims to achieve the following objectives deploy a wsfc comprising two sql server vm instances and a third vm instance that acts as a file share witness create an availability group with synchronous commit configure a load balancer verify that the setup is working by simulating a failover costs this tutorial uses billable components of google cloud including compute engine cloud load balancing use the pricing calculator to generate a cost estimate based on your projected usage before you begin to complete the tasks in this tutorial ensure the following sign in to your google cloud account if you re new to google cloud create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real world scenarios new customers also get 300 in free credits to run test and deploy workloads in the google cloud console on the project selector page select or create a google cloud project roles required to select or create a project select a project selecting a project doesn t require a specific iam role you can select any project that you ve been granted a role on create a project to create a project you need the project creator role roles resourcemanager projectcreator which contains the resourcemanager projects create permission learn how to grant roles note if you don t plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure create a project instead of selecting an existing project after you finish these steps you can delete the project removing all resources associated with the project go to project selector verify that billing is enabled for your google cloud project in the google cloud console on the project selector page select or create a google cloud project roles required to select or create a project select a project selecting a project doesn t require a specific iam role you can select any project that you ve been granted a role on create a project to create a project you need the project creator role roles resourcemanager projectcreator which contains the resourcemanager projects create permission learn how to grant roles note if you don t plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure create a project instead of selecting an existing project after you finish these steps you can delete the project removing all resources associated with the project go to project selector verify that billing is enabled for your google cloud project you have an active directory domain with at least one domain controller you can create an active directory domain using managed microsoft ad alternatively you can deploy a custom active directory environment on compute engine and set up a private dns forwarding zone that forwards dns queries to your domain controllers you have an active directory user that has permission to join computers to the domain and can sign in by using rdp if you re using managed microsoft ad you can use the setupadmin user for more information about active directory user account provisioning see active directory user account provisioning a google cloud project and a virtual private cloud vpc with connectivity to your active directory domain controllers a subnet to use for the windows server failover cluster vm instances when you finish this tutorial you can avoid continued billing by deleting the resources you created for more information see cleaning up prepare your project and network to deploy your sql server always on availability groups you must prepare your google cloud project and vpc for the deployment the following sections discuss how you can do this in detail configure your project and region to prepare your google cloud project for the deployment of sql server always on availability groups do the following in the google cloud console open cloud shell by clicking the activate cloud shell button go to the google cloud console initialize the following variables vpc_name vpc_name subnet_name subnet_name replace the following vpc_name name of your vpc subnet_name name of your subnet set your default project id gcloud config set project project_id replace project_id with the id of your google cloud project set your default region gcloud config set compute region region replace region with the id of the region you want to deploy in create firewall rules to allow clients to connect to the sql server and the communication between the cluster nodes you need to create several firewall rules you can use network tags to simplify the creation of these firewall rules as follows the two cluster nodes are annotated with the wsfc node tag all servers including the witness are annotated with the wsfc tag to create firewall rules that use these network tags use the following steps return to your existing cloud shell session create firewall rules to allow traffic between cluster nodes subnet_cidr gcloud compute networks subnets describe subnet_name format value ipcidrrange gcloud compute firewall rules create allow all between wsfc nodes direction ingress action allow rules tcp udp icmp enable logging source tags wsfc target tags wsfc network vpc_name priority 10000 gcloud compute firewall rules create allow sql to wsfc nodes direction ingress action allow rules tcp 1433 enable logging source ranges subnet_cidr target tags wsfc node network vpc_name priority 10000 note depending on how you ve deployed the active directory you might need to create additional firewall rules to allow servers to join the domain for more information see accessing managed microsoft ad from within your vpc create vm instances create and deploy two vm instances for the failover cluster at any point in time one of these vms hosts the primary replica of the sql server database while the other node hosts the secondary replica the two vm instances must be located in the same region so that they can be accessed by an internal passthrough network load balancer have windows server failover cluster and sql server installed have compute engine wsfc support enabled you use a sql server premium image which has sql server 2022 preinstalled note if you plan to bring your own licenses for sql server by using the license mobility program select windows server base images for these nodes and install sql server using your own product keys to provide a tie breaking vote and achieve a quorum for the failover scenario deploy a third vm that serves as a file share witness using the following steps return to your existing cloud shell session create a specialized script for the wsfc nodes this script installs the necessary windows features and creates firewall rules for wsfc and sql server cat specialize node ps1 erroractionpreference stop install required windows features install windowsfeature failover clustering includemanagementtools install windowsfeature rsat ad powershell open firewall for wsfc netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name allow wsfc health check dir in action allow protocol tcp localport 59998 open firewall for sql server netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name allow sql server dir in action allow protocol tcp localport 1433 open firewall for sql server replication netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name allow sql server replication dir in action allow protocol tcp localport 5022 format data disk get disk where partitionstyle eq raw initialize disk partitionstyle mbr passthru new partition assigndriveletter usemaximumsize format volume filesystem ntfs newfilesystemlabel data confirm false create data and log folders for sql server md d data md d logs eof create the vm instances on the two cluster nodes attach a data disk and set the enable wsfc metadata key to true this action enables windows server failover clustering and configures a local listener on the default port 59998 region gcloud config get value compute region zone1 zone1 zone2 zone2 zone3 zone3 pd_size 200 machine_type n2 standard 8 gcloud compute instances create node 1 zone zone1 machine type machine_type subnet subnet_name image family sql ent 2022 win 2022 image project windows sql cloud tags wsfc wsfc node boot disk size 50 boot disk type pd ssd boot disk device name node 1 create disk name node 1 datadisk size pd_size type pd ssd auto delete no metadata enable wsfc true metadata from file sysprep specialize script ps1 specialize node ps1 gcloud compute instances create node 2 zone zone2 machine type machine_type subnet subnet_name image family sql ent 2022 win 2022 image project windows sql cloud tags wsfc wsfc node boot disk size 50 boot disk type pd ssd boot disk device name node 2 create disk name node 2 datadisk size pd_size type pd ssd auto delete no metadata enable wsfc true metadata from file sysprep specialize script ps1 specialize node ps1 gcloud compute instances create witness zone zone3 machine type e2 medium subnet subnet_name image family windows 2022 image project windows cloud tags wsfc boot disk size 50 boot disk type pd ssd metadata sysprep specialize script ps1 add windowsfeature fs fileserver replace zone1 zone2 zone3 based on the zones you are using note depending on your performance requirements consider using a machine type larger than n2 standard 8 for the wsfc nodes consider disabling simultaneous multithreading smt for potential savings on licensing costs note for the purpose of this tutorial and to fit within the default regional ssd persistent disk quota the size of the disks attached to each vm is smaller than it would be in a production environment for better performance and to accommodate a larger database increase the size of each disk to join the three vm instances to active directory do the following for each of the three vm instances monitor the initialization process of the vm by viewing its serial port output gcloud compute instances tail serial port output name replace name with the name of the vm instance wait for a few minutes until you see the output instance setup finished then press ctrl c at this point the vm instance is ready to be used create a username and password for the vm instance connect to the vm by using remote desktop and sign in using the username and password created in the previous step right click the start button or press win x and click windows powershell admin note in this guide we used powershell 5 1 confirm the elevation prompt by clicking yes join the computer to your active directory domain and restart add computer domain domain restart replace domain with the dns name of your active directory domain enter the credentials of an account that has permissions to join a vm to the domain wait for the vm to restart you have now joined the vm instance to the active directory reserve static ip addresses you now reserve two static ip addresses in your vpc one ip address is used as the default wsfc cluster ip address the other serves as the static ip for the sql server availability group listener in a wsfc cluster the cluster ip address primarily serves administrative purposes and accessing cluster resources this virtual ip address is assigned to the cluster itself enabling administrators to manage the cluster and perform tasks such as configuring cluster settings monitoring the health of nodes and managing failover processes in the context of sql server availability group a listener is a virtual network name vnn and ip address that allows clients to connect to the availability group without needing to know which specific server is the primary node an internal load balancer needs an internal ip address to efficiently route internal traffic and support high availability and load balancing in the context of a wsfc cluster the internal load balancer ensures that requests are always directed to the current primary replica of the cluster during failover events the load balancer detects changes in the primary replica and redirects client connections to the new primary without requiring manual intervention minimizing downtime and ensuring continuous availability of the database services in the context of a wsfc with sql server always on availability groups both reserved internal static ip addresses for the default wsfc cluster ip address and the availability group listener are also used by associated internal load balancers to reserve two static ip addresses in your vpc use the following steps gcloud compute addresses create wsfc cluster ip subnet subnet_name region gcloud config get value compute region cluster_ip gcloud compute addresses describe wsfc cluster ip region gcloud config get value compute region format value address echo cluster ip cluster_ip replace the cluster ip address in the cluster_ip variable you need it later to specify it as the cluster ip cluster_ip cluster_ip reserve another static ip for the availability group listener and capture the address in a new environment variable named listener_ip gcloud compute addresses create wsfc listener ip subnet subnet_name region gcloud config get value compute region listener_ip gcloud compute addresses describe wsfc listener ip region gcloud config get value compute region format value address echo listener ip listener_ip note make sure that the ip address is in the same region as your sql server cluster replace the load balancer s reserved ip address as the listener_ip variable you need it later to configure your availability group listener_ip listener_ip your project and vpc are now ready for the deployment of the windows server failover cluster and sql server deploying the failover cluster you can now use the vm instances to deploy a windows server failover cluster and sql server the following sections discuss how you can do this in detail preparing sql server create a new user account in active directory for sql server using the following steps connect to node 1 by using remote desktop sign in with your domain user account right click the start button or press win x and click windows powershell admin confirm the elevation prompt by clicking yes create a domain user account for sql server and the sql agent and assign a password credential get credential username sql_server message enter password new aduser name sql_server description sql admin account accountpassword credential password enabled true passwordneverexpires true note if you use managed ad append path ou cloud dc example dc org to the command to create the user in the cloud organizational units ou ensure that the value of the path is the outpu...
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