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26 none commandant of the marine corps general eric smith united states marine corps 22 september 2023 biden chief of naval operations admiral daryl caudle united states navy 25 august 2025 trump chief of staff of the air force general kenneth s wilsbach united states air force 3 november 2025 trump chief of space operations general douglas a schiess united states space force 3 september 2026 trump chief of the national guard bureau general steven nordhaus united states air force 2 october 2024 biden non member attendee edit position name service start appointer flag commandant of the coast guard admiral kevin lunday united states coast guard 15 january 2026 a trump lunday served as acting commandant of the coast guard from 21 january 2025 15 january 2026 although it is a branch of the armed forces pursuant to 14 u s c 101 the coast guard operates under the department of homeland security rather than the department of defense except when the president e g in times of war or national emergency transfers it to the department of the navy 12 the commandant of the coast guard is not a de jure member of the joint chiefs of staff but is sometimes regarded as a de facto member being entitled to the same supplemental pay as the joint chiefs 13 and occasionally will attend meetings of the jcs by invitation 14 unlike the joint chiefs who are not actually in the military s operational chain of command the commandant is both the administrative and the operational commander of the coast guard history edit joint board edit united states secretary of defense harold brown and united states deputy secretary of defense charles w duncan jr with chairman of the joint chiefs of staff general george s brown and the other members of the joint chiefs of staff at the pentagon in 1977 as the u s military grew in size following the american civil war joint military action between the army and navy became increasingly difficult the army and navy were unsupportive of each other at either the planning or operational level and were constrained by disagreements during the spanish american war in the caribbean campaigns 15 16 the joint army and navy board was established in 1903 by president theodore roosevelt comprising representatives from the military heads and chief planners of both the navy s general board and the army s general staff the joint board acting as an advisory committee was created to plan joint operations and resolve problems of common rivalry between the two services 15 16 yet the joint board accomplished little as its charter gave it no authority to enforce its decisions the joint board could not originate its own opinions and was thus limited to commenting only on the problems submitted to it by the secretaries of war and navy as a result the joint board had little to no impact on the manner in which the united states conducted world war i after world war i the two secretaries agreed in 1919 to reestablish and revitalize the joint board the mission of the general staff was to develop plans for mobilization for the next war in these the u s was always designated blue and potential enemies were assigned various other colors 17 now the joint board s membership was to include the chiefs of staff their deputies and the chief of war plans division for the army and the director of plans division for the navy under the joint board was to be a staff called the joint planning committee to serve the board along with new membership the joint board could initiate recommendations on its own initiative however the joint board still did not possess the legal authority to enforce its decisions world war ii edit joint chiefs of staff meeting c 1943 from left to right are gen henry h arnold chief of the army air forces adm william d leahy chief of staff to the commander in chief of the army and navy adm ernest j king commander in chief u s fleet and chief of naval operations and gen george c marshall chief of staff of the united states army u s president franklin d roosevelt and british prime minister winston churchill established the combined chiefs of staff ccs during the 1942 arcadia conference 18 the ccs would serve as the supreme military body for strategic direction of the joint u s uk war effort the uk portion of the ccs would be composed of the british chiefs of staff committee but the united states had no equivalent body the joint board s lack of authority made it of little use to the ccs although its 1935 publication joint action of the army and navy did give some guidance for the joint operations during world war ii the joint board had little influence during the war and was ultimately disbanded in 1947 as a counterpart to the uk s chiefs of staff committee in the ccs and to provide better coordinated effort and coordinated staff work for america s military effort admiral william d leahy proposed a unified high command in what would come to be called the joint chiefs of staff modeled on the british chiefs of staff committee the jcs s first formal meeting was held on 9 february 1942 to coordinate operations between the war and navy departments 18 19 the official history of the army air forces noted that although there was no official charter establishing this committee by the end of february it had assumed responsibilities toward the american war effort comparable to the ccs on the combined level 20 on 20 july 1942 admiral leahy became the chief of staff to the commander in chief with all individual service chiefs operating under his authority the first members of the joint chiefs of staff were 21 name service position admiral william d leahy navy chief of staff to the commander in chief of the army and navy and special presidential military advisor general george c marshall army chief of staff of the united states army csusa admiral ernest j king navy commander in chief of the united states fleet and chief of naval operations cominch cno general henry h hap arnold army chief of the army air forces and deputy chief of staff for air the joint chiefs of staff in 1959 from left to right gen lyman l lemnitzer usa adm arleigh a burke usn gen nathan f twining usaf chairman gen thomas dresser white usaf and gen randolph m pate usmc the joint chiefs of staff in an annual meeting with the commanders of unified and specified command in the jcs meeting room also known as the tank on 15 january 1981 each of the members of the original joint chiefs was a four star flag or general officer in his service branch by the end of the war each had been promoted leahy and king to fleet admiral marshall and arnold to general of the army arnold was later appointed to the grade of general of the air force citation needed one of the joint chiefs of staff s committees was the joint strategic survey committee this committee one of the most influential planning agencies in the wartime armed forces was an extraordinary jcs committee that existed from 1942 until 1947 22 members included lieutenant general stanley d embick u s army chairman 1942 1946 vice admiral russell willson u s navy 1942 1945 vice admiral theodore stark wilkinson u s navy 1946 and major general muir s fairchild u s army air force 1942 citation needed national security act of 1947 edit with the end of world war ii the joint chiefs of staff were officially established under the national security act of 1947 per the national security act the jcs consisted of a chairman the chief of staff of the army the chief of staff of the air force which was established as a separate service by the same act and the chief of naval operations the commandant of the marine corps was to be consulted on matters concerning the corps but was not a regular member general lemuel c shepherd jr commandant in 1952 55 was the first to sit as an occasional member the law was amended during the term of general louis h wilson jr 1975 79 making the commandant a full time jcs member in parity with the other three dod services goldwater nichols act of 1986 edit the position of vice chairman was created by the goldwater nichols act of 1986 to complement the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff as well as to delegate some of the chairman s responsibilities particularly resource allocation through the joint requirements oversight council historic appointments and firings edit general colin l powell chairman 1989 1993 was the first african american to serve on the joint chiefs of staff when he became the 12th chairman of the joint chiefs in 1989 general charles q brown jr the second african american to serve as chairman was the first african american appointed to lead a service branch when he became the chief of staff of the air force in 2020 on 25 may 2023 president joe biden nominated general brown to become the 21st chairman of the jcs general brown was subsequently confirmed and took up the post of chairman on 1 october 2023 controversially 23 he was later terminated by president trump s secretary of defense pete hegseth on 21 february 2025 soon after hegseth s confirmation general richard b myers chairman 2001 2005 was the first vice chairman of the joint chiefs of staff to serve as chairman of the joint chiefs of staff general peter pace vice chairman 2001 2005 chairman 2005 2007 was the first marine to serve in either position admiral lisa franchetti became the first woman to serve on the jcs when she took over as chief of naval operations on 2 november 2023 24 25 like african american jcs chairman general charles q brown jr franchetti was also fired by hegseth on 21 february 2025 26 both the firings of chairman of the joints chiefs of staff brown and the chief of naval operations franchetti mark ed the first time that two members of the joint chiefs of staff had been dismissed from their senior military roles 27 since the creation of the joint chiefs of staff in 1947 national defense authorization act of 2012 edit a provision in the 2012 national defense authorization act added the chief of the national guard bureau to the joint chiefs of staff guard historians called it the most significant development for the national guard since the militia act of 1903 1 national defense authorization act of 2020 edit the 2020 national defense authorization act established the u s space force on 20 december 2019 the space force is headed by the chief of space operations who reports directly to the secretary of the air force pursuant to 10 u s c 9082 the chief of space operations became a statutory member of the joint chiefs of staff on 20 december 2020 28 organization and leadership positions edit chairman edit main article chairman of the joint chiefs of staff the joint chiefs of staff in 2001 the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff is by law the highest ranking military officer of the united states armed forces 29 and the principal military adviser to the president of the united states he leads the meetings and coordinates the efforts of the joint chiefs of staff comprising the chairman the vice chairman of the joint chiefs of staff the chief of staff of the united states army the commandant of the united states marine corps the chief of naval operations the chief of staff of the united states air force the chief of space operations statutory member after december 2020 and the chief of the national guard bureau the joint chiefs of staff have offices in the pentagon the chairman outranks all service chiefs 30 but does not maintain authority over them their branches or the unified combatant commands 30 all combatant commanders receive their orders directly from the secretary of defense 31 on 20 july 1942 fleet admiral william d leahy became chief of staff to the commander in chief 20 july 1942 21 march 1949 he was not technically the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff leahy s office was the precursor to the post of chairman of the joint chiefs of staff that post was established and first held by general of the army omar bradley in 1949 vice chairman edit main article vice chairman of the joint chiefs of staff the position of vice chairman of the joint chiefs of staff was created by the goldwater nichols act of 1986 the vice chairman is a four star general or admiral and by law is the second highest ranking member of the u s armed forces after the chairman in the absence of the chairman the vice chairman presides over the meetings of the joint chiefs of staff he may also perform such duties as the chairman may prescribe it was not until the national defense authorization act in 1992 that the position was made a full voting member of the jcs 32 the current vice chairman is general christopher j mahoney who began his tenure on 1 october 2025 senior enlisted advisor to the chairman edit main article senior enlisted advisor to the chairman the senior enlisted advisor to the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff seac advises on all matters concerning joint and combined total force integration utilization development and helps develop noncommissioned officers related to joint professional education enhances utilization of senior ncos on joint battle staffs and supports the chairman s responsibilities as directed command sergeant major william gainey was the first seac serving from 1 october 2005 the current seac is david isom who was sworn in on 20 june 2025 replacing former seac troy e black 33 joint staff edit joint staff office of the joint chiefs of staff identification badge agency overview formed 1949 headquarters the pentagon employees approx 1 500 agency executive vadm frederick w kacher director of the joint staff parent agency department of defense the joint staff 34 35 is a military headquarters staff based at the pentagon with offices in hampton roads virginia fort leavenworth kansas lackland air force base texas fort belvoir virginia fairchild air force base washington and fort mcnair district of columbia composed of personnel from all the six armed services assisting the chairman and the vice chairman in discharging their responsibilities they work closely with the office of the secretary of defense osd the military department staffs and the combatant command staffs citation needed the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff is assisted by the director of the joint staff a three star officer who assists the chairman with the management of the joint staff an organization composed of approximately equal numbers of officers contributed by the army the navy and marine corps the air force the space force and the coast guard who have been assigned to assist the chairman in providing to the secretary of defense unified strategic direction operation and integration of the combatant land naval space and air forces the director is assisted by the vice director of the joint staff a two star officer citation needed former secretary of defense mark esper tasked the joint staff with developing a joint warfighting concept jadconcept 1 for the services by december 2020 36 developing joint all domain command and control jadc2 as a concept jadco...
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