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ng a further decline in urban manufacturing employment the number of manufacturing jobs in detroit fell dramatically beginning in the mid 1950s as a result of automation and suburbanization of production black workers who just a few years earlier were displaced by the mechanized cotton picker in the rural south once again found themselves the victims of mechanization in the 1950s 25 7 percent of chrysler workers and 23 percent of general motors workers were african american equally important because the black workers made up the bulk of the unskilled labor force they were the first to be let go because of automation in 1960 a mere twenty four black workers were counted among the 7 425 skilled workers at chrysler at general motors only sixty seven blacks were among the more than 11 000 skilled workers on the payroll the productivity and unemployment figures tell the rest of the story between 1957 and 1964 manufacturing output doubled in the united states while the number of blue collar workers fell by 3 percent again many of the first casualties of the new automation drive were black workers who were disproportionately represented in unskilled jobs that were the first to be eliminated by the new machines in manufacturing operations across the entire northern and western industrial belt the forces of automation and suburbanization continued to take their toll on unskilled black workers leaving tens of thousands of permanently unemployed men and women in their wake the corporate drive to automate and relocate manufacturing jobs split the black community into two separate and distinct economic groups millions of unskilled workers and their families became part of what social historians now call and underclass a permanently unemployed part of the population whose unskilled labor is no longer required and who live hand to mouth generation to generation as wards of the state a second smaller group of black middle class professionals have been put on the public payroll to administer the many public assistance programs designed to assist this new urban underclass the system represents a kind of welfare colonialism say authors michael brown and steven erie where blacks were called upon to administer their own state of dependence it is possible that the country might have taken greater notice of the impact that automation was having on black america in the 1960s and 1970s had not a significant number of african americans been absorbed into public sector jobs as early as 1970 sociologist sidney willhelm observed that as the government becomes the foremost employer for the working force in general during the transition into automation it becomes even more so for the black worker indeed if it were not for the government negroes who lost their jobs in the business world would swell the unemployment ratio to fantastic heights the public image of an affluent and growing black middle class was enough to partly deflect attention away from the growing plight of a large new black underclass that had become the first casualty of automation and the new displacement technologies today millions of african americans find themselves hopelessly trapped in a permanent underclass unskilled and unneeded the commodity value of their labor has been rendered virtually useless by the automated technologies that have come to displace them in the new high tech global economy rifkin is one of the few economists smart enough to realize that automation is at the heart of all this and to remind us of the of the history there is nothing normal about this situation so to just casually dismiss the effects if automation and nonchalantly say everything worked out okay is a very racist attitude one which is all too commonplace to accept this one has to relegate african americans to the status of nonpeople and these decaying communities as just an inevitable outcome of black people s natural behavioral inclinations now we re seeing the exact same tactics being applied in the media only this time the casual dismissals of the unemployment situation and the sneering derision of those being caught up in are increasingly directed at white people rather than just african americans look at the black community today that s what s coming for you while america your dehumanization of black people has blinded you to this fact now the betters of your own race are giving you the same treatment you gave to them how does it feel smith bowen is a huge man 6 7 and as we wade into the field the plants only come up to his belt buckle he s going to send this crop around the world just like the swiss make the best watches the germans perfected the sports car americans grow the most desired cotton in the world and just like those watches and cars american cotton does it by being high tech this is the john deere 7760 iconic green color big as a houseboat bowen bought five of them last year and they were not cheap flowers they re right at 600 000 a piece so we got in a big investment we got to make something to make the payments on them every year smith you bought 3 million worth of equipment last year to pick cotton flowers it s crazy isn t it real crazy we might need to have our brain examined smith but these machines give bowen an edge over small farmers in the rest of the world he can pick cotton faster with fewer workers bowen can watch the progress of the pickers from his ipad sitting at home and as cushy as it is for him the driver up on top of the john deere has an even sweeter gig hey we wanted to see if we could go a row with you i climb up a ladder up into picker number three to hitch a ride with martovia latrell jones martovia latrell jones oh smith hey how s it going jones good smith everyone calls him toto he puts the machine into gear whoa and then he lets go you just took your hands off the wheel you didn t even have to touch it jones yeah pretty much everything s driving itself smith the picker feels the cotton plants it makes all the adjustments itself toto just sits there calls his wife on the cell phone cranks up the blues station soundbite of music jones you all might not like my singing smith toto has a lot of time up here to sit and think he was raised by his grandfather george who worked on a cotton farm before all this technology toto heard the stories jones had to get down on their hands and knees and get some blisters and splinters in their fingernails and everything smith you do realize that you probably harvest more in five minutes than he did all day long jones ah yeah i can make a round and pick more than they picked in their whole lifetime smith these machines are not only fast but by the end of the process the cotton they produce is clean it s pure it s untouched by human hands and this is a big deal to the complicated factories around the world that make our t shirt http www npr org templates transcript transcript php storyid 248243399 next part 2 posted by escapefromwisconsin at 9 58 am 9 comments email this blogthis share to x share to facebook share to pinterest saturday february 27 2016 against techno fetishism either a vertical farm or star wars outpost hard to tell source a while back i criticized the current fashion for vertical farms essentially skyscrapers designed to do what anyone armed with sun and soil can do grow plants as a prime instance of our techno fetishism this is the application of high technology to the simplest of problems even where its not required and where simpler solutions are more cost effective to make us feel like we re somehow more advanced or clever or to create economic activity architects always looking for some new novelty to distinguish themselves from the herd leaped on board producing fantastic renderings of buildings that would take many millions to construct all to do what a simple wooden barn or urban greenhouse can accomplish it s part of a larger trend in our society technology for technology s sake meaning we can not see beyond high tech solutions even when simpler ones will do not only do they are often superior in terms of performance cost effectiveness resource use bang for the buck etc but instead we would rather use technology because it is cool the very definition of a fetish so i was glad to see this excellent and very effective takedown of the vertical farming idea why growing vegetables in high rises is wrong on so many levels alternet it s good to know i m not alone in the common sense based community routing sunlight through solar panels to power indoor lights is not more environmentally friendly than you know using the sun you know the great glowing ball in the sky that does it all for free however most consumers of american news are probably unaware of the sun since they spend all their time indoors staring at screens or driving around in cars no one would consider stacking photovoltaic solar panels one above the other in such a system only the top panel would produce electric current the leaves of plants also need to be directly and strongly illuminated if they are to activate the photosynthesis that powers their growth if plants are living indoors even if they are in an entirely glass walled room they can t capture enough sunlight to perform those functions plants nearest the windows will receive weak sideways illumination for part of the day while interior plants will get much less than that for both the light intensity would be wholly inadequate to produce a significant quantity of food growing plants indoors sheesh maybe if you re trying to avoid being arrested for growing that plant but otherwise it s like developing high technology to raise fish on land people already complain that salad greens and broccoli are too expensive imagine what happens when you ve got to recoup real estate costs property taxes rental fees and so on there s a reason businesses move to the the suburbs do you really want lettuce at 20 00 a head and the idea that we don t have land is absurd on its face every city is surrounded by an abandoned farm belt you could just bike that produce in if you had to or heck carry it by horse drawn wagon in the united states we produce 4 000 calories worth of food per resident daily twice what s required we have ample land we just need to stop abusing the soil we have consider what it would take to provide fresh produce to just 15 000 city dwellers that would be about 2 percent of the population of the district of columbia that was the objective of a favorable 2013 analysis of vertical gardening by giz a german engineering group they estimated that the project would require a 150 x 150 square foot building with 37 stories it would cost a quarter billion dollars to construct and equip and would consume 7 million worth of electricity annually those estimates led them to conclude it is possible to grow only high value crops for consumers who have disposable income for such products the article is brilliant backed with facts and figures that i didn t have available i wish stuff like this would squelch the techno fetishism promoted by the media but since their job is to peddle novel non solutions to maintain the status quo i kind of doubt it reduced energy consumption for transportation is an excellent argument for urban gardening and farming within or close to cities but it s no justification for indoor gardening the climate impact of shipping food over long distances is significant but the impact of energy intensive food raising methods can be far larger than that dependence on artificial lighting in particular makes the impact of food production vastly larger than the impact of food transport defenders of vertical gardening claim that it can produce much more food per acre of land per year than sun and soil agriculture but not only are many of these comparisons exaggerated they are also irrelevant no matter how big the improvement in production per square foot per year it will have no effect on the key number in vertical gardening s energy predicament the quantity of photosynthetically active light required to produce each and every kilogram of plant tissue that s a basic biochemical requirement increasing a food production building s yield by stacking in more and more plants per floor or operating year round only increases the demand for electric lighting what s the alternative as the article points out rooftop gardening is one the roofs are already there anyway and exposed to direct sunlight plus sunlight actually degrades roofing membranes thus protecting the membranes from uv degradation and growing plants whether for edible or medicinal purposes or just to clean the air makes sense vertical walls can now be used as well though difficult to harvest and of course there are ideas like urban food forests raised bed gardening on empty lots or just tearing up your lawn and planting a victory garden a few years ago on this blog i wrote about french market gardening french market gardens la culture maraîchère here s another example from low tech magazine fruit walls urban farming in the 1600s and another great example of using greenhouse technology on an appropriate scale to grow citrus fruits on the great plains in the middle of winter it is these kinds of solutions that actually make sense rather than the grandiloquent top down megatechnic solutions promoted by the corporate media it also makes me wonder what the real agenda is in trying to automate every tiny scrap of agricultural labor in a world where millions of people are unemployed and desperate all over the planet control the food and you control the people if people can produce their own they have freedom which is what the people in power definitely do not want here s lloyd alter s coverage vertical farms wrong on so many levels treehugger lloyd takes on some other green fantasies too for example the solar panel highways concept again just like growing plants indoors burying solar panels under streets seems like a silly idea on its face yet it was again greeted with raptures of change the world excitement one would think it would make more sense to put solar panels made with difficult to extract elements and often toxic to produce where you know the sun might shine on them the solar bike path in the netherlands has been in operation for a full year and the developers are calling it a huge success the 3 7 million project has generated 9 800 kwh which at 0 20 per kwh is worth a whopping 1 960 that s a 0 0057 percent return on investment now of course this roadway was a prototype and would cost a lot less if mass produced but solar plants in germany are now delivering power at 9 cents per kwh it s predicted that by 2025 it will drop to between 4 and 6 cents per kwh the solaroad people claim that their system will pay for itself in 15 years but at those rates it will cost more to rake the leaves off their solar panels than it will get out of them in electricity adele peters of fast company goes so far as to claim that a solar...
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