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ed 1890 1960 the variety and content of these textbooks has been very interesting and in addition to many relevant passages for my own work on the history of economic statistics and macroeconomic thinking i ve also come across other tidbits today i found one that i thought i d share because it shows just how radically a field can shift in some of its basic conceptions in a few decades and because i think it reads like sociology which fits into a little narrative i have that economic sociology now is very resonant with the old institutionalist economics from the 1920s 1940s the quote comes from lutz and stanton 1923 p 11 an introduction to economics and shows just how radical the human capital revolution was at least for some human attributes talents and qualities are also scarce but we must be careful not to regard them as wealth the reason for the distinction is that the person who possesses the unusual gift or talent is first and last a human being whose personality is to be respected and whose well being is the goal of all economic activity if we class the talents of the gifted as wealth it is a short and easy step to regard the possessors of these gifts as existing mainly for the services which they render and not as free and independent persons under slavery the talents of the slave might have been regarded properly enough as part of the wealth of the owner it is inconsistent with the principles of human freedom which we now hold sacred to confuse man as a means for the production of wealth with man as the end of economic action no person should be degraded to the position of a mere means to the enjoyment of others we might be in danger of doing this if we regarded human qualities as wealth scarce though they might be the first author lutz was no crazy radical but rather a respected tax economist who worked on various government committees and taught at oberlin stanford and princeton and yet it s hard to imagine a more strident rejection of human capital as a metaphor than calling it inconsistent with the principles of human freedom a different economics for a different time if you re into that sort of thing at least by dan hirschman on july 2 2015 permalink posted in uncategorized posted by dan hirschman on july 2 2015 https asociologist com 2015 07 02 economics before human capital one year ago today cersei lannister sent the greatest memo of all time tonight is the beginning of game of thrones season 5 and thus it also marks the anniversary of when cersei lannister circulated what was perhaps the greatest memo ever written in westeros titled issues with various houses it noted in passing that basically none of house lannister s unification and pacification efforts were working well and asked grand maester pycelle to solve all the problems to grand maester pycelle from cersei lannister subject issues w various houses we need more coercive diplomacy with respect to greyjoy and bolton if they mess up the north it will delay bringing our troops home we also need to solve the tyrell problem and dragonstone doesn t seem to be going well are you coming up with proposals for me to send around thanks needless to say we are all very excited to see how none of this will get solved this season by dan hirschman on april 12 2015 permalink posted in silly posted by dan hirschman on april 12 2015 https asociologist com 2015 04 12 one year ago today cersei lannister sent the greatest memo of all time mentions of race gender and inequality in academic articles philip cohen published an interesting post using web of science data to show how academics talk about inequality in the 1980s to present phil looks at variations of the phrase race class gender and the rise of social inequality over social stratification in the titles of journal articles here s another slice at the topic i used jstor s data for research database all articles in their collection and restricted the sample to research articles published between 1980 2012 then i looked at the percentage of articles that mention inequality that also mention race sex gender or both race and sex gender here s the resulting graph percentage of research articles that mention social economic income or wealth inequality in jstor that also mention race sex or gender or both obviously mentioning inequality race or gender anywhere in the text of an article is a much lower threshold than mentioning things in the title so this slice at the corpus of academic research is more like a lower bound on interest in intersectional inequalities while phil is looking at something like an upper bound articles that go so far as to include those terms in their title also here i am looking only at those articles that mention inequality of some sort to see which kinds of inequality are mentioned inequality articles for short given that we can see two clear trends inequality articles are much more likely to mention both race and sex gender in recent years doubling from around 17 in 1980 to around 34 in 2012 in the meantime discussion of race and gender in general have also increased significantly from 33 of inequality articles mentioning sex or gender in 1980 to 59 in 2012 and 29 to 45 for race with this data we can also compare the observed co occurrence of race and sex gender to the rate we d expect if mentions were independent that is given that 33 of inequality articles mentioned race and 29 mentioned in sex gender in 1980 we d expect about 9 to mention both simply by chance the actual rate is 17 for 2012 the expected rate based on independence is about 27 compared to an observed rate of 34 so the overall increase in articles mentioning race and sex gender is pretty consistent with the increase in mentions of the two terms separately what do you all think edit inspired by philip s comment i made another simple chart looking at research articles in jstor here i look at the percentage of article that use both the terms racial inequality and gender inequality as a percentage of articles using either term here s a plot of a 2 year moving average of those results jstor research articles mentioning racial inequality and gender inequaliy as a percentage of articles mentioning either 1990 2012 i restricted the time period here to 1990 2012 1989 2012 considering the 2 year average because of sharp uptick in gender as a term in the 1980s and the relatively small n of any mentions of gender inequality from the 1980s i e just 2 articles in 1980 mostly not a lot of trend here are these the right terms though jstor s database excludes many publications for a couple years after publication so the sample size drops considerably for the last two years specifically any of the phrases social inequality economic inequality wealth inequality or income inequality in the early part of the 1980s gender was still much less commonly used than sex cf ngrams i use sex gender to refer to articles containing at least one of sex or gender by dan hirschman on october 14 2014 permalink posted in sociology posted by dan hirschman on october 14 2014 https asociologist com 2014 10 14 mentions of race gender and inequality in academic articles funk and hirschman 2014 derivatives and deregulation i am very pleased to announce that administrative science quarterly has just posted the online version of my forthcoming article with russ funk derivatives and deregulation financial innovation and the demise of glass steagall here s the abstract regulators much like market actors rely on categorical distinctions innovations that are ambiguous to regulatory categories but not to market actors present a problem for regulators and an opportunity for innovative firms using a wide range of primary and secondary qualitative and quantitative sources we trace the history of one class of innovative financial derivatives interest rate and foreign exchange swaps to show how these instruments undermined the separation of commercial and investment banking established by the glass steagall act of 1933 even as overt political action failed to do so swaps did not fit neatly into existing product categories futures securities loans and thus evaded regulatory scrutiny for many years the market success of swaps put commercial and investment banks into direct competition and in so doing undermined glass steagall drawing on this case we theorize that ambiguous innovations may disrupt the regulatory status quo and shift the political burden onto parties that want to maintain existing regulations our findings also suggest that category spanning innovations may be more valuable to market participants if regulators find them difficult to interpret many readers of this blog gave us helpful advice over the past four years thank you all very much and let us know what you think of the paper by dan hirschman on october 7 2014 permalink posted in uncategorized posted by dan hirschman on october 7 2014 https asociologist com 2014 10 07 funk and hirschman 2014 derivatives and deregulation coasian comparison josh barro wrote a somewhat controversial op ed in the nyt attempting to apply the coase theorem to the negotiation between passengers on a plane about whether or not to recline their seats economist greg mankiw and political theorist jim johnson each posted a short reaction to the paper see if you can spot the difference in tone first here s mankiw and here s johnson i wonder what steve medema would say by dan hirschman on august 28 2014 permalink posted in economics posted by dan hirschman on august 28 2014 https asociologist com 2014 08 28 coasian comparison statistical optimism mortgage finance and depressions retro edition let s coin a new phrase statistical optimism statistical optimism refers to the belief that if only we had better statistics about x and that everyone was made aware of those statistics then we would make better decisions about x and some set of problems would go away without any major changes in the institutions actually making decisions it s a practical quanty version of the classic enlightenment style idea that more knowledge always makes things better note that by statistics here i mean the production and distribution of quantitative data the old sense of statistics vital statistics censuses national income statistics etc and not the inferential field we know and love today this phrase came to mind today as i was reading through a march 1932 interview with senator la follette about the need for better economic statistics to improve economic planning in the midst of the depression the interview is chock full of great quotes that give you a flavor of what it was like to live in a time before the cps nipa and all the other routine standardized official data we take for granted for example it is a sad commentary on our statistical information that in the third winter of the depression we have absolutely no authoritative official figures on unemployment the only data we have are those collected by the census in 1930 for the country as a whole and for certain cities in january 1931 the authoritative bit here was to be important too as fdr and hoover fought in the 1932 campaign over whose partial non standardized unemployment figures were better the belief that gets me though and that seems to be widely shared across the political spectrum at this point is that just having good data will fix all kinds of ideological disputes it was this belief in part that motivated the founding of the nber and it was this belief that animated hoover to work to produce all kinds of economic reports in the 1920s and early 1930s in concert with economists and businessmen e g recent economic trends recent social trends etc la follette was a republican also but later founded the wisconsin progressive party and clearly believed in less business led solutions to economic problems than hoover but he had the same attitude of statistical optimism a quote from the end of the interview about the potential for authoritative statistics to prevent future depressions struck me as especially relevant and from a post 2008 perspective ironic suppose late in 1928 some authoritative body in washington had publicly emphasized the fact that there was an excess of private houses on the market suppose it had pointed out that construction figures showed an appreciable falling off in the building of new houses surely in the light of such warnings people would not have continued investing their hard earned savings in first and second mortgage real estate bonds thus increasing the supply of new capital for speculative building which continued into 1929 if only it were so though i suppose in fairness to la follette what he called for was not simply the creation of better data but also the creation of an institution a national economic council somewhat of a precursor to what ended up being the council of economic advisers that would have the authority to interpret data not just collect it still the optimism is palpable and from our vantage point tragic la follette is important in my work because he introduced a resolution in 1932 which called for the creation of the first official us national income estimates well he thought they were the first and so do most people the ftc actually produced an estimate in 1926 but almost no one knows about it and no one did much with it then either by dan hirschman on july 30 2014 permalink posted in economics politics statistics posted by dan hirschman on july 30 2014 https asociologist com 2014 07 30 statistical optimism mortgage finance and depressions retro edition rsvp for the junior theorists symposium the 2014 junior theorists symposium is just three weeks away below please find an updated schedule jts 2014 will be held at the university of california berkeley in 60 evans hall a complete list of paper abstracts is available here pdf link if you have any questions please contact jordanna matlon and myself at juniortheorists gmail com junior theorists symposium university of california berkeley 60 evans hall august 15 2014 8 30 9 00 coffee and bagels 9 00 10 50 culture action and difference michael halpin university of wisconsin madison science and sociodicy neuroscientific explanations of social problems ellis monk university of chicago bodily capital capturing the role of the body in social inequality daniel sherwood the new school acting through the margin of freedom bourdieu as a social movement theorist discussant omar lizardo university of notre dame 10 50 11 00 coffee 11 00 12 50 measures of worth alison gerber yale university tradition rationalization and worth a theory of decommensuration katherine kenny university of california san diego the biopolitics of global health life and death and neoliberal time brandon vaidyanathan rice university a cultural theory of differentiation discussant marion fourcade university of california berkeley 12 50 2 00 lunch 2 00 3 50 place and perspective hillary angelo new york university from the city as a lens...
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