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to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikivoyage wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 20 04 35 s 146 15 41 e 20 0765 s 146 2614 e 20 0765 146 2614 charters towers town centre from wikipedia the free encyclopedia redirected from charters towers queensland this article is about the town for the local government area see charters towers region town in queensland australia town in queensland australia charters towers town view of gill street charters towers coordinates 20 04 35 s 146 15 41 e 20 0765 s 146 2614 e 20 0765 146 2614 charters towers town centre country australia state queensland region north queensland lga charters towers region location 136 km 85 mi sw of townsville 1 309 km 813 mi nnw of brisbane 248 km 154 mi ene of hughenden government state electorate traeger federal division kennedy elevation 310 m 1 020 ft population total 8 040 2021 census 1 time zone utc 10 00 aest postcode 4820 county davenport mean max temp 30 3 c 86 5 f mean min temp 17 7 c 63 9 f annual rainfall 659 5 mm 25 96 in charters towers is a rural town in the charters towers region queensland australia 2 it is 136 km 85 mi by road south west from townsville on the flinders highway during the last quarter of the 19th century the town boomed as the rich gold deposits under the city were developed after becoming uneconomical in the 20th century profitable mining operations have commenced once again in the 2021 census the town of charters towers had a population of 8 040 people 1 geography edit the urban area of the town of charters towers includes its suburbs charters towers city the centre of the city richmond hill toll and columbia to the north queenton to the east grand secret and alabama hill to the west and towers hill mosman park and millchester to the south 3 charters towers township is only mildly elevated at 290 metres or 950 feet above sea level but this has a noticeable effect with lower humidity and wider temperature variations compared to nearby townsville 4 charters towers obtains its water supply from the nearby burdekin river climate edit charters towers experiences a tropical semi arid climate koppen bsh with a short wet season from november to march and a long dry season from april to october with cooler nights and lower humidity the average annual rainfall is 649 9 millimetres 25 59 in primarily concentrated in the austral summer 5 extreme temperatures in charters towers have ranged from 44 9 c 112 8 f on 6 january 1994 to 1 1 c 34 0 f on 5 july 1899 6 record temperatures were combined from the old post office weather station 1893 1992 and the current airport weather station 1992 2024 climate data for charters towers 20º02 24 s 146º16 12 e 290 m amsl 1992 2024 normals extremes 1893 2024 month jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec year record high c f 44 9 112 8 42 7 108 9 42 3 108 1 38 8 101 8 35 0 95 0 32 8 91 0 34 4 93 9 36 1 97 0 39 4 102 9 41 5 106 7 43 4 110 1 44 7 112 5 44 9 112 8 mean daily maximum c f 33 8 92 8 33 0 91 4 32 2 90 0 30 4 86 7 27 4 81 3 25 1 77 2 25 0 77 0 26 9 80 4 30 4 86 7 33 1 91 6 34 2 93 6 34 7 94 5 30 5 86 9 mean daily minimum c f 22 4 72 3 22 3 72 1 21 0 69 8 18 4 65 1 15 2 59 4 12 8 55 0 11 7 53 1 12 3 54 1 15 2 59 4 18 2 64 8 20 5 68 9 21 9 71 4 17 7 63 8 record low c f 14 7 58 5 14 8 58 6 12 8 55 0 8 8 47 8 4 2 39 6 1 4 34 5 0 1 32 2 1 7 35 1 4 4 39 9 6 1 43 0 10 0 50 0 14 2 57 6 0 1 32 2 average precipitation mm inches 157 3 6 19 137 8 5 43 75 5 2 97 29 6 1 17 28 1 1 11 18 1 0 71 24 0 0 94 14 0 0 55 8 8 0 35 18 2 0 72 60 7 2 39 78 3 3 08 649 9 25 59 average precipitation days 1 0 mm 9 1 8 4 6 3 3 5 2 8 2 4 1 9 1 2 1 3 2 3 4 7 5 6 49 5 average afternoon relative humidity 48 53 46 44 44 43 39 35 33 33 37 41 41 average dew point c f 18 6 65 5 19 3 66 7 17 1 62 8 14 6 58 3 12 2 54 0 9 7 49 5 7 9 46 2 7 8 46 0 9 7 49 5 12 1 53 8 14 4 57 9 16 7 62 1 13 3 56 0 source bureau of meteorology 1992 2024 normals extremes 1893 2024 7 8 history edit mining operations circa 1897 the town was founded in the 1870s when gold was discovered by chance at towers hill on christmas eve 1871 by 12 year old aboriginal boy jupiter mosman jupiter was with a small group of prospectors including hugh mosman james fraser and george clarke their horses bolted after a flash of lightning while he was searching jupiter found both the horses and a nugget of gold in a creek at the base of towers hill 9 charters originated from the gold commissioner wsem charters 10 ten major gold reefs were eventually mined 9 gill street with the post office tower circa 1914 such were the boom years between 1872 and 1899 that charters towers hosted its own stock exchange the great northern railway between charters towers and the coastal port of townsville was completed in december 1882 10 during this period the population was 27 500 making charters towers queensland s largest city outside of brisbane 11 the city was also affectionately known as the world 10 as anything one might desire reportedly could be had in the towers leaving no reason to travel elsewhere the borough of charters towers was proclaimed on 21 june 1877 under the municipal institutions act 1864 with john mcdonald being elected the town s first mayor 10 12 13 the local government area would later be known as town of charters towers and city of charters towers before being absorbed into the charters towers region charters towers post office opened on 17 may 1872 14 a 20 head of stamps mill began ore crushing operations on 16 july 1872 the venus battery continued to be used by small mine in the region until 1971 15 the unique site remains intact today together with a cyanide treatment plant and assay office hospital circa 1888 on sunday 10 august 1884 the new charters towers district hospital opened 16 during 1888 89 the charters towers stock exchange and royal arcade were constructed at the northern end of gill street for local businessman and civic leader alexander malcolm 17 by 1917 gold mining became uneconomical 15 during world war i labour was hard to find and as the mines drove deeper ventilation and water problems arose this production decline was similar across australian gold mines with rising costs and a fixed gold price eroding profitability the town entered a long period of relative stagnation and little further development has occurred since the charters towers gold field produced over 200 tonnes 6 6 million troy ounces of gold from 1871 to 1917 9 the gold is concentrated into veins and was australia s richest major field with an average grade of 34 grams per tonne the grade was almost double that of victorian mines and almost 75 higher than the grades of western australian kalgoorlie gold fields of that time 9 in 1935 clermont charters towers was an important line for public telephone communications 18 map of the wwii us chemical bomb depot during world war ii charters towers was the location of raaf no 9 inland aircraft fuel depot iafd completed in 1942 and closed on 29 august 1944 usually consisting of four tanks 31 fuel depots were built across australia for the storage and supply of aircraft fuel for the raaf and the us army air forces at a total cost of 900 000 1 800 000 19 beginning in june 1943 charters towers was also the location for a major usaaf chemical bomb depot operated by the 760th chemical depot company aviation the depot contained bombs filled with mustard agent cyanogen chloride and other toxic chemicals in addition to maintaining the depot the 760th cooperated with the australian chemical warfare research unit to conduct research on bomb design and delivery techniques late in 1944 the depot and its contents were moved to oro bay new guinea 20 21 demographics edit in the 2016 census the town of charters towers had a population of 8 120 people 22 in the 2021 census the town of charters towers had a population of 8 040 people 1 heritage listings edit australian bank of commerce former 2012 old burdekin rail bridge stock exchange arcade exterior target country charters towers charters towers has a number of heritage listed sites including church of christ anne street 23 boer war veterans memorial kiosk and lissner park bridge street 24 bore sight range and compass swinging platform columbia toll 25 aldborough 25 deane street 26 signals crane and subway charters towers railway station enterprise road queenton 27 charters towers post office 17 gill street 28 pollard s store now k hub 18 gill street 29 bank of new south wales 34 36 gill street 30 charters towers police station 49 gill street 31 st columba s church bell tower 134 gill street 32 ambulance building 157 gill street 33 charters towers central state school 39 47 high street 34 school of mines 24 26 hodgkinson street 35 charters towers courthouse 28 hodgkinson street 36 ay ot lookout 63 hodgkinson street 37 thornburgh house 57 59 king street richmond hill 38 venus state battery macdonald street millchester 39 bartlam s store now zara clark museum mosman street 40 ed miles mining exchange 65 mosman street 41 queensland national bank 72 mosman street 20 04 33 s 146 15 25 e 20 0757 s 146 2569 e 20 0757 146 2569 queensland national bank 42 charters towers stock exchange arcade 76 mosman street 43 australian bank of commerce 86 mosman street 44 lyall s jewellery shop 90 mosman street 45 day dawn mine remains paull street 46 pfeiffer house 2 6 paull street 47 charters towers masonic lodge 20 ryan street 48 civic club 36 ryan street 49 mining works on towers hill towers hill 50 some of charters towers s heritage is spread across the town charters towers mine shafts in alabama millchester queenton towers hill 51 stone kerbing channels and footbridges of charters towers in charters towers city millchester queenton richmond hill 52 population edit according to the 2016 census 8 120 people were residing in charters towers aboriginal and torres strait islander people made up 10 9 of the population about 83 3 of people were born in australia the next most common countries of birth were new zealand 1 5 and england 1 3 about 87 6 of people spoke only english at home the most common responses for religion were no religion 24 4 catholic 23 5 and anglican 18 0 22 economy edit charters towers is a regional centre for the mining industry the beef industry and education specifically boarding schools catering for remote rural families mining edit more gold has been estimated to exist underground than the total removed in the gold rush 53 hundreds of separate mining leases covering an area of 200 square kilometres 77 sq mi were consolidated by james lynch in the 1970s and 1980s and the company citigold listed on the australian securities exchange in 1993 after 89 years the goldfields were reopened and gold was produced again from the warrior mine 4 km 2 5 mi southeast of the town in november 2006 by citigold corporation limited gold is mined from two deposits which are accessed by sloping tunnels 53 the extracted gold ore is trucked about 10 km 6 2 mi south west of the city for processing into gold doré bars citigold has announced plans to open three mines directly under the city to extract gold at a rate of 250 000 ounces per year 53 education edit charters towers has four secondary schools columba catholic college opened in 1998 54 blackheath and thornburgh college opened in 1919 54 all souls st gabriels school opened in 1920 54 and charters towers state high school opened in 1912 54 the nearest university is the james cook university in townsville charters towers is well known as a boarding school town with families from western queensland the northern territory western australia and the torres strait islands sending their children to school in the district over the larger cities in the area such as townsville and cairns the alliance of charters towers state schools actss represents the five state schools in the area that are funded by the queensland government charters towers central state school opened in 1875 54 millchester state school opened in 1874 54 richmond hill state school opened in 1895 54 charters towers school of distance education opened in 1987 54 and charters towers state high school a number of other state schools within the city and nearby vicinity which mostly commenced during the mining boom years have also existed these included queenton state school 1890 1933 mt leyshon state school 1890 circa 1940 king s gully state school 1911 1932 the broughton state school 1905 macrossan state school 1884 19 rishton state school 1884 1891 liontown state school 1905 circa 1921 black jack state school 1887 1948 pumping station state school 1898 1936 and sellheim state school 1889 1939 amenities edit the charters towers regional council operates the charters towers excelsior library in charters towers at 130 gill street 55 the charters towers branch of the queensland country women s association meets at the jane black memorial hall at 80 mossman street 56 jane black of pajingo station was a pioneer of the charters towers branch but also one of the founders of the country women s association in queensland as a whole the hall was officially opened on thursday 22 july 1954 57 58 media and communications edit print edit the northern miner newspaper not to be confused with the northern miner a mining publication in canada was first published in august 1872 just eight months after the discovery of gold 59 such was its strength in those gold mining days of the late 1880s that the northern miner installed a then revolutionary linotype slug casting machine before brisbane s the courier mail it was the only newspaper of five published during the boom gold years that survives today 59 in 2000 the northern miner was linked for the first time to the north queensland newspaper company and therefore news limited s electronic layout system and website the evening telegraph was a daily newspaper published between 1901 and 1921 sumpton s gold rush gazette is a local newspaper which has been printed weekly since april 2021 the publication s founder daniel sumpton has been referred to as the man who brought print journalism back to charters towers 60 online edit the charters towers e village launched in 2011 and provides a location where people can connect with the charters towers community the e village is the creation of local resident bryan west following his frustration at not being able to find a suitable date for a kindergarten working bee it includes a community calendar member pages for all charters towers organisations a database of services available within and to the community classifieds daily weather and an online shop it has a daily news service that originates and aggregates content from and relevant to the charters towers community which is ...
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