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ries of magical and supernatural beliefs in soul projection demon summoning angelology theurgy greek and roman gods angels that aren t not the same thing as roman gods demonic possession alchemy the dowsing rod and diogenes laertius s claim that pythagoras could fly around in a chariot of solar fire and zap people with a divine laser beam powered by his philosophical contemplation of the number ten and of course it makes an only slightly facetious argument well founded in the primary sources that pope paul ii was a vampire and that that pope sixtus iv was possessed by a demon who am i to doubt our most plausible period accounts but fun as these are they constitute no more than two percent of the book another way both more direct and less obvious is that the main argument of the book is enormously important to both science fiction and fantasy as genres that historians have agreed for decades that the middle ages weren t a dark age nor the renaissance a golden age and that in fact the whole idea of dark and golden ages is a myth but it s such a narratively satisfying and politically useful myth that it persists and multiplies in fiction journalism propaganda and popular imagination the politics part is that it is extremely persuasive if you can claim your candidate party product will bring about a golden age and your rival opponent competitor is like the bad no good dark ages to see this you have only to see how the economic history theory that the renaissance was enabled by innovations in banking and finance was exaggerated during the cold war into the extremely useful claim that capitalism caused the renaissance and communism was like the bad no good medieval world that or sigh the persuasive power of the promise to make whatever great again the genre fiction part is in our world building innumerable world builds both sf and fantastic describe an excellent deep past followed by a crisis or fall and then a dark age either setting the tale in the moment that hopes to end that dark age or in the new but fragile better age which could plunge back into it hari seldon s cycles of history tolkien s high elven deep past tales of the coming of dragons the ending of magic rebuilding after wwiii everything post apocalyptic miller s a canticle for leibowitz jemison s broken earth series all of these draw on the archetype of of the fall of rome and an age of ash and shadow which came after an archetype which is the protagonist of my history invented in the late 1300s by francesco petrarch and leonardo bruni whose evolution popularity impact and ineradicability i trace over 550 years in this sense inventing the renaissance chronicles the birth of a major force in sff just as much as other nominees like d harlan wilson writing about kubrick or henry lien about the art of eastern storytelling in his fabulous spring summer asteroid bird but inventing the renaissance is related in another completely separate way i wrote it using techniques from sff and gaming inventing the renaissance is a really weird work of historical nonfiction one which makes historian friends and nonfiction history fans comment on how totally different it feels from most histories they ve read it s been described as vivid irreverent peppy bloggy witty provocative energetic and entertaining with the amazon blurb adding you would never expect a work of deep scholarship to make you alternately laugh and cry but you would expect exactly that if you realize what it really is a history packed with the storytelling techniques of sff the section most shaped by sff is part iii constituting about 1 3 of the book which is composed of fifteen one chapter mini biographies of different renaissance figures whose lives demonstrate different things about the period a musician a sculptor an assassin a woodcarver a merchant matron two princesses three prophets one male two female four greek scholars three male one female and our friend machiavelli their lives crisscrossing the continent and centuries that hosted this thing we call the renaissance i learned the power of switching point of view from studying sff novels that do exactly that so powerfully and thinking about it when choosing when to have my own work jump narrators the power of having them crisscross and retell the same events from different points of view i learned from time loop fiction the method of telling a story through once then looping back and telling it again with slight changes or from a different point of view i encountered it first as kid watching old doctor who and the x men cartoon show version of days of the future past then in more sophisticated prose versions like bester grimwood and walton and the especially potent twist as i switch from a cluster of lives all on one side of the conflict to suddenly show the pov of their adversary switching for one very special chapter into the enormously powerful second person comes from my experience writing character sheets for theatrical larp especially my the in famous papal election simulation based in turn on larps i ve played in myself thanks especially to warren tusk of paracelsus games but storytelling tools i learned from sff spill out beyond that section one is a technique i always think of is meanwhile in space named for those moments particularly conspicuous in gundam where you ve been following the characters in one arena for quite some time and then the next chapter or scene cuts to the space station where totally different people are doing something in parallel in that spirit my lovely tale of renaissance histories is flowing along when we hit and now for a tangent about vikings and thereafter we occasionally cut away from my historians bickering about the renaissance studies to meanwhile while investigating greenland in a way which eventually weaves back together to join the a plot exactly the way an sf reader knows the scenes on the space station someday must the book is also woven through with fun but unnecessary shakespeare references which persistently pop up as examples of things or ways of expressing things just as some fantasy narrators constantly bring in quotes from an in world literary figure as dune quotes the works of princess irulan and most radical for a nonfiction history yet least radical as an actual technique inventing the renaissance has a first person narrator me i m present in the text it has sections titled why you shouldn t believe anyone including me about the renaissance and why did ada palmer start studying the renaissance and are you remembering not to believe me it describes personal scenes like walking over a bridge with an art historian friend who observed x which made me realize y when citing scholars i say my friend name or my mentor name or name who at a conference once told me when treating past historians i discuss what i read as a student and how it feels looking back on that it s in the conversational style of my blogging voice and confesses sometimes that we don t know whether a or b is true but i know i m biased toward a any history work could lift the veil and do this but few do in fact shortly before i wrote the book i submitted an article to renaissance quarterly in which when commenting on an element of the historians practice i used the phrase when we renaissance historians do x and was told by the editor that the journal s style guide forbids the use of the first person whether singular or plural in any circumstance it felt bizarre first person is a vital tool of human honesty and humility i wanted to say we err when we do x not hover in condescending judgment behind the falsehood of they err when they do x it made me think about why we erase the first person historian which my fiction reader fiction writer brain rebels against it s so amazingly powerful having a first person narrator it adds so much lets you accomplish so much as every sentence tells the reader not just the facts in the sentence but the nuances of seeing just how narrator put it with warmth with scorn with expertise with anxiety with love i ve never planned out a fiction project and not had its first person narrator be at the heart of the whole plan from the beginning this applies to ten series the four i wrote before terra ignota ti itself and the next five in the works and looking back many of the histories that had struck me most when training as a historian had been those which let the speaker show especially peter gay s incredibly moving introduction to the freud reader the warmth and presence of don cameron allen in his doubt s boundless sea and the first person memoir like early parts of greenblatt s the swerve i don t think every nonfiction history should make the historian visibly present in first person plenty do not need it and would not benefit from it but since i was writing a history of histories whose primary aim was to show the reader the historian s craft and the long continuity of historians inventing and reinventing the renaissance from 1380 to today including me it felt genuinely disingenuous to not make myself just as much an object of judgment for the reader as petrarch bruni machiavelli burckhardt baron kristeller celenza hankins et al and it reveals much more about that tradition when i say my dissertation adviser jim hankins or my academic grandfather kristeller or my generous friend and mentor chris celenza next to poggio s mentor petrarch the craft of history is not turtles but teachers all the way down i also use the term history lab for our collaborations our conferences and conversations the place where we brew up new histories as down the hall the molecular engineers brew up new pharmaceuticals now i won t pretend that i actually thought through all this about first before i started writing inventing the renaissance the book began as a blog post i rage wrote as a stress vent during covid summer 2020 and only when the blog post draft hit 40 000 words did i realize oops this is a book but when time then came to polish it to be bookier i thought about the first person nature of my blogging and how appropriate it was to take off my mask and reveal the historian in a book whose goal was to show how histories get made and why we keep needing to replace old ones with new better ones new theories of what and why the renaissance was replacing each other each better than the last as to use the comparison i use in the book the big bang theory will someday be replaced by some further refinement the better than the big bang theory theory the chemist in a white lab coat is a familiar image the archaeologist or paleontologist in dusty field kit the historian i had the chance to create that image in the reader s mind just as i do my first person narrators when they re not me and i could make that image one of a curious and ever changing mind surrounded by friends colleagues teachers and students all learning from each other in a long chain of still discovering i was so delighted when the first reviews from historians commented on how the book presented historians who are generally seen as intellectual adversaries in debate and the fruitful and supportive value of those debates and also at comments on how striking and unique it was for me to discuss my students as well as my mentors the generations of knowledge at work but thinking through generations and character relationships is part of what reading and writing sff taught me to do we don t tend to talk about academic history or even history pop fiction as genres the way we do sf and fantasy and even historical fiction but they are the same way fusing sf mystery or fantasy epistolary novel can yield rich and exciting work fusing nonfiction history with the techniques and approaches of sff can do the same and of course there s the question of what you d say to machiavelli if you had a time machine share tagged with history science fiction sff writing beatrice twice queen of hungary posted by assistant on march 4 2025 history inventing the renaissance 2 time to meet one of the coolest renaissance queens no one has heard of beatrice of naples twice queen of hungary she s one of the awesome people who didn t quite get a chapter to herself in inventing the renaissance but gets lots of tales woven throughout this is part of my countdown series for the book release illuminated manuscript portrait of beatrice of naples in a manuscript from the great lost corvinus library why twice queen of hungary because when the first king she married died with no heir the people loved her so much they told her she could marry anyone she wanted and they d make her new husband king so they could settle the succession smoothly and keep her as queen impressive popularity especially given that beatrice wasn t hungarian she was a princess from naples in fact her sister eleanor married the duke of ferrara and was the mother of alfonso beatrice and isabella d este whom we ve met in my other tales of milan ferrara beatrice s mother isabella of clermont was an orsini the mighty roman leaders of the guelph party in the guelph ghibelline faction feud her father king ferrante was the illegitimate son of alfonso the magnanimous king of aragon by birth who conquered naples by war ousting rené of anjou father of margaret who married england s henry vi painting of beatrice s mother isabella of clermont with one of her daughters beatrice s father ferrante of naples in a miniature in an illuminated manuscript beatrice s grandfather king alfonso had been an exceptional patron of arts scholars and he gave his children and grandchildren the latest in renaissance education greek latin history philosophy music everything portrait of king alfonso beatrice s grandfather we can t give him a number because he was king of so many different things that he s alfonso i ii iii iv and v depending on which bit of his kingdom aragon valencia naples etc you re counting king alfonso was especially fond of the classics because one of his court scholars reading ancient accounts told him apparently belisarius snuck an army into naples through the tunnel of an old aqueduct and took it easily which alfonso then tried and the old trick still worked and to make his conquered people love him alfonso built splendid neoclassical palaces founded a scholarly academy held grand roman style triumphs repaired ancient aqueducts and generally used all the soft power cultural trappings of antiquity to make himself feel like caesar and it worked meanwhile in hungary amidst many border wars and fear of ottoman or german invasion the old king died without an heir and a quick royal election to avoid a succession war selected the implausibly badass matthias corvinus the raven king portrait of matthias corvinus the raven king matthias s father had been a great general and regent of hungary during the minority of an earlier king and his mother elizabeth szilágyi had given him an exceptional education he spoke hungarian italian polish czech german lat...
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