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ojects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia senior most us military leaders for other uses see joint chiefs of staff disambiguation joint chiefs of staff jcs joint chiefs of staff identification badge role advisory board providing professional military advice to the secretary of defense and the president established in practice 1942 constituting instrument national security act of 1947 currently codified at 10 u s c 151 predecessor entities joint board 1903 1942 members chairman gen dan caine usaf vice chairman gen christopher j mahoney usmc number of members eight administration parent agency u s department of defense staff organization the joint staff for the chairman and the vice chairman the service chiefs and the national guard bureau chief have their own staffs assisting them seat the pentagon united states armed forces executive departments department of defense department of homeland security staff office of the secretary of defense joint chiefs of staff military departments department of the army department of the navy department of the air force military services united states army united states marine corps united states navy united states air force united states space force united states coast guard command structure unified combatant commands africa command central command european command indo pacific command northern command southern command cyber command space command special operations command strategic command transportation command combat support agencies defense contract management agency defense health agency defense information systems agency defense intelligence agency defense logistics agency defense threat reduction agency national geospatial intelligence agency national security agency central security service v t e the joint chiefs of staff jcs is the body of the most senior uniformed leaders within the united states department of defense which advises the president of the united states the secretary of defense the homeland security council and the national security council on military matters the composition of the joint chiefs of staff is defined by statute it consists of a chairman a vice chairman the chiefs of the army marine corps navy air force and space force and the chief of the national guard bureau 1 2 each of the individual service chiefs outside their joint chiefs obligations works directly under the secretaries of their respective military departments e g the secretary of the army the secretary of the navy and the secretary of the air force 3 4 5 6 following the goldwater nichols act in 1986 the joint chiefs of staff do not have operational command authority either individually or collectively as the chain of command goes from the president to the secretary of defense and from the secretary to the regional combatant commanders 7 goldwater nichols also created the office of vice chairman and the chairman is now designated as the principal military adviser to the secretary of defense the homeland security council the national security council and the president 8 the joint staff is a headquarters staff in the pentagon composed of personnel from each of the six service branches that assists the chairman and the vice chairman in discharging their responsibilities and is managed by the director of the joint staff 9 role and responsibilities edit the joint chiefs of staff in january 2026 after the 1986 reorganization of the armed forces undertaken by the goldwater nichols act the joint chiefs of staff do not possess operational authority over troops or other units responsibility for conducting military operations goes from the president to the secretary of defense directly to the commanders of the unified combatant commands and thus bypasses the joint chiefs of staff completely citation needed today their primary responsibility is to ensure personnel readiness policy planning and training of their respective services for the combatant commanders to utilize in addition the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff acts as the chief military advisor to the president and the secretary of defense in this strictly advisory role the joint chiefs constitute the third highest deliberative body for military policy after the national security council and the homeland security council which includes the president and other officials besides the chairman of the joint chiefs citation needed while serving as the chairman or vice chairman of the joint chiefs of staff chief of staff of the army commandant of the marine corps chief of naval operations chief of staff of the air force chief of space operations or commandant of the coast guard basic pay is 18 808 20 a month 10 plus a 4 000 per year personal money allowance 11 current members of the joint chiefs of staff edit position name service start appointer flag chairman of the joint chiefs of staff general dan caine united states air force 11 april 2025 trump vice chairman of the joint chiefs of staff general christopher j mahoney united states marine corps 1 october 2025 trump chief of staff of the army acting general christopher laneve united states army 2 april 2026 none commandant of the marine corps general eric smith united states marine corps 22 september 2023 biden chief of naval operations admiral daryl caudle united states navy 25 august 2025 trump chief of staff of the air force general kenneth s wilsbach united states air force 3 november 2025 trump chief of space operations general douglas a schiess united states space force 3 september 2026 trump chief of the national guard bureau general steven nordhaus united states air force 2 october 2024 biden non member attendee edit position name service start appointer flag commandant of the coast guard admiral kevin lunday united states coast guard 15 january 2026 a trump lunday served as acting commandant of the coast guard from 21 january 2025 15 january 2026 although it is a branch of the armed forces pursuant to 14 u s c 101 the coast guard operates under the department of homeland security rather than the department of defense except when the president e g in times of war or national emergency transfers it to the department of the navy 12 the commandant of the coast guard is not a de jure member of the joint chiefs of staff but is sometimes regarded as a de facto member being entitled to the same supplemental pay as the joint chiefs 13 and occasionally will attend meetings of the jcs by invitation 14 unlike the joint chiefs who are not actually in the military s operational chain of command the commandant is both the administrative and the operational commander of the coast guard history edit joint board edit united states secretary of defense harold brown and united states deputy secretary of defense charles w duncan jr with chairman of the joint chiefs of staff general george s brown and the other members of the joint chiefs of staff at the pentagon in 1977 as the u s military grew in size following the american civil war joint military action between the army and navy became increasingly difficult the army and navy were unsupportive of each other at either the planning or operational level and were constrained by disagreements during the spanish american war in the caribbean campaigns 15 16 the joint army and navy board was established in 1903 by president theodore roosevelt comprising representatives from the military heads and chief planners of both the navy s general board and the army s general staff the joint board acting as an advisory committee was created to plan joint operations and resolve problems of common rivalry between the two services 15 16 yet the joint board accomplished little as its charter gave it no authority to enforce its decisions the joint board could not originate its own opinions and was thus limited to commenting only on the problems submitted to it by the secretaries of war and navy as a result the joint board had little to no impact on the manner in which the united states conducted world war i after world war i the two secretaries agreed in 1919 to reestablish and revitalize the joint board the mission of the general staff was to develop plans for mobilization for the next war in these the u s was always designated blue and potential enemies were assigned various other colors 17 now the joint board s membership was to include the chiefs of staff their deputies and the chief of war plans division for the army and the director of plans division for the navy under the joint board was to be a staff called the joint planning committee to serve the board along with new membership the joint board could initiate recommendations on its own initiative however the joint board still did not possess the legal authority to enforce its decisions world war ii edit joint chiefs of staff meeting c 1943 from left to right are gen henry h arnold chief of the army air forces adm william d leahy chief of staff to the commander in chief of the army and navy adm ernest j king commander in chief u s fleet and chief of naval operations and gen george c marshall chief of staff of the united states army u s president franklin d roosevelt and british prime minister winston churchill established the combined chiefs of staff ccs during the 1942 arcadia conference 18 the ccs would serve as the supreme military body for strategic direction of the joint u s uk war effort the uk portion of the ccs would be composed of the british chiefs of staff committee but the united states had no equivalent body the joint board s lack of authority made it of little use to the ccs although its 1935 publication joint action of the army and navy did give some guidance for the joint operations during world war ii the joint board had little influence during the war and was ultimately disbanded in 1947 as a counterpart to the uk s chiefs of staff committee in the ccs and to provide better coordinated effort and coordinated staff work for america s military effort admiral william d leahy proposed a unified high command in what would come to be called the joint chiefs of staff modeled on the british chiefs of staff committee the jcs s first formal meeting was held on 9 february 1942 to coordinate operations between the war and navy departments 18 19 the official history of the army air forces noted that although there was no official charter establishing this committee by the end of february it had assumed responsibilities toward the american war effort comparable to the ccs on the combined level 20 on 20 july 1942 admiral leahy became the chief of staff to the commander in chief with all individual service chiefs operating under his authority the first members of the joint chiefs of staff were 21 name service position admiral william d leahy navy chief of staff to the commander in chief of the army and navy and special presidential military advisor general george c marshall army chief of staff of the united states army csusa admiral ernest j king navy commander in chief of the united states fleet and chief of naval operations cominch cno general henry h hap arnold army chief of the army air forces and deputy chief of staff for air the joint chiefs of staff in 1959 from left to right gen lyman l lemnitzer usa adm arleigh a burke usn gen nathan f twining usaf chairman gen thomas dresser white usaf and gen randolph m pate usmc the joint chiefs of staff in an annual meeting with the commanders of unified and specified command in the jcs meeting room also known as the tank on 15 january 1981 each of the members of the original joint chiefs was a four star flag or general officer in his service branch by the end of the war each had been promoted leahy and king to fleet admiral marshall and arnold to general of the army arnold was later appointed to the grade of general of the air force citation needed one of the joint chiefs of staff s committees was the joint strategic survey committee this committee one of the most influential planning agencies in the wartime armed forces was an extraordinary jcs committee that existed from 1942 until 1947 22 members included lieutenant general stanley d embick u s army chairman 1942 1946 vice admiral russell willson u s navy 1942 1945 vice admiral theodore stark wilkinson u s navy 1946 and major general muir s fairchild u s army air force 1942 citation needed national security act of 1947 edit with the end of world war ii the joint chiefs of staff were officially established under the national security act of 1947 per the national security act the jcs consisted of a chairman the chief of staff of the army the chief of staff of the air force which was established as a separate service by the same act and the chief of naval operations the commandant of the marine corps was to be consulted on matters concerning the corps but was not a regular member general lemuel c shepherd jr commandant in 1952 55 was the first to sit as an occasional member the law was amended during the term of general louis h wilson jr 1975 79 making the commandant a full time jcs member in parity with the other three dod services goldwater nichols act of 1986 edit the position of vice chairman was created by the goldwater nichols act of 1986 to complement the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff as well as to delegate some of the chairman s responsibilities particularly resource allocation through the joint requirements oversight council historic appointments and firings edit general colin l powell chairman 1989 1993 was the first african american to serve on the joint chiefs of staff when he became the 12th chairman of the joint chiefs in 1989 general charles q brown jr the second african american to serve as chairman was the first african american appointed to lead a service branch when he became the chief of staff of the air force in 2020 on 25 may 2023 president joe biden nominated general brown to become the 21st chairman of the jcs general brown was subsequently confirmed and took up the post of chairman on 1 october 2023 controversially 23 he was later terminated by president trump s secretary of defense pete hegseth on 21 february 2025 soon after hegseth s confirmation general richard b myers chairman 2001 2005 was the first vice chairman of the joint chiefs of staff to serve as chairman of the joint chiefs of staff general peter pace vice chairman 2001 2005 chairman 2005 2007 was the first marine to serve in either position admiral lisa franchetti became the first woman to serve on the jcs when she took over as chief of naval operations on 2 november 2023 24 25 like african american jcs chairman general charles q brown jr franchetti was also fired by hegseth on 21 february 2025 26 both the firings of chairman of the joints chiefs of staff brown and the chief of naval operations franchetti mark ed the first time that two members of the joint chiefs of staff had been dismissed from their senior military roles 27 since the creation of ...
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