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Text of the page (random words):
fier there is no question that the iphone is the iphone not the iphone 2 it will be clear when such a special case applies specifically because the stylized version will be almost universally used regardless what kind of publication it is found in from books to newspapers to academic journals this exception for overwhelmingly consistent use in reliable sources is already to be found in both wikipedia manual of style trademarks and more narrowly wikipedia manual of style capital letters if wp commonname actually had anything to do with this sort of question those guidelines would not exist and we would simply do a head count of how many sources write pink versus p nk for the singer by that name and stylization and automatically go with whatever had a 50 01 majority we do not do this what we actually look for is near total conformity with a stylization thus the singer s article is pink singer and same for kesha not ke ha but deadmau5 not deadmaus why the common style notion is fallacious edit this above mentioned kind of positive identifier case is a per name determination and cannot be applied to an entire class of subjects such as operating systems titles of published works financial services corporations etc how those names are styled varies by genre with most of them dropping the stylization there are many genres of writing with different levels of formality and different conventions encyclopedic writing is notably toward the formal side of the spectrum wikipedia closely follows the stylistic norms of publishers of non fiction books which is what an encyclopedia is after all while this system is less formal and much less jargonistic both in content and style than the high academic style of scientific and humanities journals from which wikipedia also borrows many features when they aren t problematic for our readers it is nevertheless also much less vernacular compressed and lowest common denominator than the news style of everyday journalism and public relations writing the conventions of these different types of writing are well codified in various regularly updated style guides and the differences between these writing style systems are easy to identify and differentiate by referring to those manuals mos is based on a particular subset of them for a reason they already encapsulate the best practices of educational but non how to publishing for a general audience wikipedia has its own house style edit don t geek out every reasonable attempt should be made to ensure that material is presented in the most widely understandable manner possible wp make technical articles understandable like all professional grade publications written by multiple people wikipedia has a house style our wp manual of style wp mos or mos is an internal guideline laying out the house style of this encyclopedia it is not part of the encyclopedia s content but has been developed and is maintained like all of our policies and guidelines by editorial consensus with regard to the mos that consensus is based on primarily the mainstream style guides for general audience book publishing like new hart s rules the chicago manual of style garner s modern english usage fowler s modern english usage and similar works recommendations of specialized often academic style guides with regard to the handling of particular topics law units of measurement etc when they do not conflict with the expectations of the above and thus negatively affect our readers ability to understand our material or our editors ability to write it with a minimum of dispute wikipedians own collective determination of what the best practices are for this project s purposes involving both selection between conflicting off site style guides approaches and resolution of style matters that are unique to wikipedia there is no third party style guide that can tell us what is best to include in an infobox how to code wikipedia headings properly etc wikipedia is not paper publishing and does not have its hands tied with regard to what stylistic decisions its editorship may agree upon it also does not have column width and other space constraints and thus has no need of the compression and expediency measures taken by journalism style guides news style isn t wp s style edit reliable source and news source are not synonymous and facts aren t style in particular wikipedia is not journalism and is not written in news style as a matter of explicit policy very little of mos is derived from journalistic style guides like the ap stylebook because the expediency and attention based needs of news publishing have little in common with the long term educational and precision focused writing of encyclopedic prose 3 there are many house styles in which mimicking trademark stylization is considered correct by that particular publisher and the majority of these are the stylesheets of low end news organizations and blogs especially in the entertainment and tech sectors theirs are not wikipedia s house style nor are they general styles but specific to a particular market segment subscriber base or individual publication or blogger however the ap stylebook and its very similar erstwhile competitors like the upi stylebook are used so broadly by news publishers that they are a de facto general style for news writing though some newspapers also have their own house styles that diverge from that baseline in numerous ways as a result various news style quirks make frequent appearances in the results of google or bing or yandex etc searches for news source material one of the most frequent symptoms of the common style fallacy at work is mistaking the way a group of newspapers write something for being the only or best way to write something especially when one has not run into any sources other than news ones the problem is of course that news writing and other forms of writing take programmatic rule based approaches to style matters so someone is only looking at one style program when looking at those particular sources from a style standpoint they are all essentially just one source the ap stylebook even where encyclopedic and news writing share some things in common such as overall article structure basics title lead paragraph section subheadings paragraph breaks supplementary material at the end and sometimes use of a sidebar to summarize details there are very significant differences even the lead section of a wikipedia article has very little in common with a news style lede the inverted pyramid of news writing informs wikipedia article development mostly when at all only with regard to depth of content at an article not the order in which information is presented after the lead which is highly variable often chronological or geographical depending on the nature of the subject a news style article also often has a kicker to draw attention a deck subtitle to hint at the content to come extensive use of pull quotes and other features not typically found in encyclopedic writing newswriting is a very distinct form of writing with intrinsic styles in this it is like fiction how to manuals school textbooks and legal documents which all have special styles that are not simply copy pasted from one to the other and which wikipedia has a policy against using as with news style a concrete topical example there are three well documented conventions for the initial letter case of prepositions used in the titles of published works and other compositions 4 capitalize prepositions of four letters or more for in with from amongst between this is the news journalism extreme lowercase all regardless of length for in with from amongst between this is the academic extreme capitalize if five letters or more for in with from amongst between this is the reasonable compromise approach used by wikipedia and by most mainstream book publishers 5 all three systems agree to capitalize any word if it is the first or last word in a title or subtitle it is not reasonable to demand that we capitalize say pop song titles the way that music magazines do since we already have a style system for handling titles of works and it is not the same system used by most of those magazines the same publications would also apply their capitalization rules to journal articles or book titles there is no special convention for song titles 6 the idea that there is one is an illusion produced by willful engagement in original research with a desire to get an over capitalizing result see next section it is fandom hand waving trying to prove style by search hits is original research edit misuse of online search results is a frequent but easily spotted sourcing error it is a mistake to assume that for example a popular culture topic that has no coverage yet in anything but the entertainment press must be stylized a particular way just because most of the sources you can find about the topic so far do it that way per their own house styles example a pop song or fantasy novel given excessive capitalization from following the four letter rule in journalism mentioned above making this it must be styled just so leap is forbidden original research when one comes to such a conclusion one has assembled a methodologically worthless data set with insufficient resources e g google news search results performed a personal synthesis and analysis of this poor data and then come to a subjective conclusion about it which the editor usually began with and is seeking to enforce it s an unsourced conclusion that no reasonable and well informed person would actually believe why because we already know that when any other non journalistic kind of source writes about that same topic it will apply its own programatic capitalization standard not the journalism one for example academic arts journals except where one might have a divergent house style will apply the excessively lowercasing academic standard to the title exactly the opposite of the excessively uppercasing convention of the news sources one had noticed so far a mainstream book publisher will apply the middle ground five letter rule again unless they have a house style rule that differs on this some north american book publishers would actually go with the lowercase all prepositions academic rule following the chicago manual of style 5 we do not have to engage in original research ourselves to know this e g by observing this effect in already published material about works that happen to have prepositions in their titles though we could do that in our spare time for fun and of course observe that it s true 4 all we have to do is look at the style guides the rule systems upon which the different genres of writing rely as another example we need not do an original research survey of whether newspapers use the en dash character in the ways mos prescribes that it be used on wikipedia we already know they do not because the ap stylebook and other journalism specific style guides uniformly ignore this character entirely using the hyphen for its conjoining uses and the em dash for its parenthetic uses our en dash rules are based on those of more mainstream less expediency bound book publishing style manuals one of the most frequent common style fallacies on wikipedia is the argument common but unsuccessful at wp requested moves that an article title with an en dash in it must be moved per wp commonname because news sources and press releases i e ap style don t use an en dash this is the logical equivalent of insisting that it must be some kind of foul in this golf game with which you are not familiar to hit the ball with a club because all the football games you ve ever seen had no club in them it s the wrong rule set see also wp idontknowit the stylistic system of wikipedia and other general purpose nonfiction publishing has equipment not available in the journalistic rules uses some shared features the ball and playing field by analogy differently and is for a different ballgame with a different methodology and goal we sometimes use online searches in internal discussions about the wikipedia title policy naming conventions and style guidelines to get a sense of the implementation level of a usage matter in particular publishing circles by shaping searches and limiting them by source type age language and location but these are only used as part of a larger consensus building discussion grounded in wikipedia policy and always with the understanding that such search results are partial glimpses at data limited to particular types of publications and skewed by various factors often including marked limitations of and biases in the search tools when it comes to actually determining what an article s name should be such searches cannot be relied upon as if they are sources themselves your interpretation of their results is again original research they are only a means for finding and looking at actual sources and the subject specific facts they contain again with the caveat that the data set is limited and uneven 7 cross language misrepresentation edit another frequent case of abuse of online search results to try to prove a common style fallacy is attempting to use english language news sources e g from google news searches to make a point against the use of diacritics for biographical subjects for whom that usage is preferred and well sourced if high quality academic sources use the subject s culturally appropriate diacritics and thus are reliable sources that their use is attested for the subjects in question it doesn t matter how many american or british newspapers ignore and drop the diacritics their laziness in this regard has no impact on wikipedia which will follow the more reliable sources not the more common but weaker ones many western news publishers and sport governing bodies even some governmental agencies ministries in english speaking countries have an official editorial policy of dropping diacritics as well as forcing western name order another of these common style fallacies per our wp neutral point of view policy it is completely inappropriate to try to enlist wikipedia in taking a side in any kind of language battle for diacritics use of them by the subject for their own name in materials with a latin based alphabet is sufficient per the wp aboutself policy and mos identity guideline so is use of them in reference to that bio subject by high quality reliable sources per the wp verifiability policy and wp reliable sources guideline see also wp diacritics and mos diacritics mainstream style guides are the reliable sources for style and mos is already based on them edit the common style fallacy relies in part upon a key falsehood in the faulty reasoning behind the specialized style fallacy the assumption that sources that are reliable for facts being reported about a topic are somehow transubstantiated into reliable sources purely through example of how the english language must be used when the topic in question i...
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