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acmq site acm queue a special offer to join acm why join acm home current issue past issues topics queue editorial board queue archive sort articles by author topic and popularity rss feeds blogs sign up for queuenews our free monthly newsletter showcases all of acm queue s latest articles and columns your email sign up acmqueue app volume 23 issue 4 issue of acmqueue in app stores now join acm volume 23 issue 4 understanding the harm teens experience on social media arturo béjar a systematic approach to mitigating negative experiences online the current approach to online safety focusing on objectively harmful content and deletion or downranking is necessary but not sufficient as it addresses only a small fraction of the harm that teens experience in order to understand harm it is essential to understand it from their perspective by surveying and creating safety tools and reporting that make it easy to capture what happens and provide immediate help many of the recommendations in this article come from what you learn when you analyze behavioral correlates that you need approaches that rely on conduct in context better personalization and providing feedback to actors privacy and rights unsolved problems in mlops niall murphy todd underwood either find a better paradigm or fix the ones we re using now the excitement with ai is carrying us along in a big wave but the practitioners whose job it is to make this all work are scrambling behind the scenes often more in dread than excitement in some cases they are using outdated techniques in others approaches that only work for now however we should be casting about for either a better paradigm or a better patching up of the existing paradigms ai guardians of the agents erik meijer formal verification of ai workflows to mitigate against models going off the rails during inference people often use so called guardrails to dynamically monitor filter and control model responses for problematic content guardrails however come with their own set of problems such as false positives caused by pattern matching against a fixed set of forbidden words this mathematical proof based approach addresses these limitations by providing deterministic and verifiable assurances of safety without the need to trust the ai nor any of the artifacts it produces ai moving faster by not breaking things justin sheehy jonathan reed initial investments allow for a fearless approach to pushing changes an engineering team that can move without fear knowing that they have made themselves safe to do so can ship more often and more quickly and make more dramatic changes without hesitation this feels great to individual engineers and enables those engineers to be more effective for the business they work in a bit of investment in safety pays huge dividends in speed as well as by reducing the frequency and severity of change triggered incidents development operations and life no one has time to work on your project strata chalup standing in for thomas a limoncelli how to work effectively with overwhelmed people to get things done what if you could apply a few basic principles that would help make working on your project seem more attractive and worthwhile to people success in these matters boils down to a few basic principles and assumptions that seem obvious and unremarkable what makes them effective is when you manage to combine all of them and apply them consistently business and management operations and life kode vicious the process from start to finish while the scientific method gives us a way to evaluate a hypothesis a scientific process allows us to organize our minds to form these hypotheses lay out a piece of code organize a project or debug a program it s how we get to the point of focusing enough to solve the incredibly challenging problems we ve set for ourselves development kode vicious volume 23 issue 3 special issue on webassembly webassembly yes but for what andy wingo the keys to a successful wasm deployment webassembly wasm has found a niche but not yet filled its habitable space what is it that makes for a successful deployment webassembly turns 10 this year but in the words of william gibson we are now as ever in the unevenly distributed future here we look at early wasm wins and losses identify winning patterns and extract commonalities between these patterns from those we predict the future suggesting new areas where wasm will find purchase in the next two to three years web development webassembly how low can a bytecode go ben titzer new performance and capabilities wasm is still growing with new features to address performance gaps as well as recurring pain points for both languages and embedders wasm has a wide set of use cases outside of the web with applications from cloud edge computing to embedded and cyber physical systems databases application plug in systems and more with a completely open and rigorous specification it has unlocked a plethora of exciting new systems that use wasm to bring programmability large and small with many languages and many targets wasm could one day become the universal execution format for compiled applications web development when is webassembly going to get dom support daniel ehrenberg or how i learned to stop worrying and love glue code what should be relevant for working software developers is not can i write pure wasm and have direct access to the dom while avoiding touching any javascript ever instead the question should be can i build my c go python library app into my website so it runs with good performance nobody is going to want to write that bytecode directly even if some utilities are added to make it easier to access the dom webassembly should ideally be an implementation detail that developers don t have to think about while this isn t quite the case today the thesis of wasm is and must be that it s okay to have a build step web development concurrency in webassembly conrad watt experiments in the web and beyond mismatches between the interfaces promised to programmers by source languages and the capabilities of the underlying web platform are a constant trap in compiling to wasm even simple examples such as a c program using the language s native file system api present difficulties often such gaps can be papered over by the compilation toolchain somewhat automatically without the developer needing to know all of the details so long as their code runs correctly end to end this state of affairs is strained to its limits when compiling programs for the web that use multicore concurrency features this article aims to describe how concurrent programs are compiled to wasm today given the unique limitations that the web operates under with respect to multi core concurrency support and also to highlight some of the current discussions of standards that are taking place around further expanding wasm s concurrency capabilities web development unleashing the power of end user programmable ai erik meijer creating an ai first program synthesis framework as a demonstration of what can be accomplished with contemporary llms this paper outlines the high level design of an ai first program synthesis framework built around a new programming language universalis designed for knowledge workers to read optimized for our neural computer to execute and ready to be analyzed and manipulated by an accompanying set of tools we call the language universalis in honor of gottfried wilhelm leibniz leibniz s centuries old program of a universal science for coordinating all human knowledge into a systematic whole comprises two parts 1 a universal notation by use of which any item of information whatsoever can be recorded naturally and systematically and 2 a means of manipulating the knowledge thus recorded in a computational fashion to reveal its logical interrelations and consequences exactly what current day llms provide ai bridging the moat security is part of every critical user journey phil vachon how else would you make sure that product security decisions serve your customers next time you re working on a new product or feature or the next time you re yawning your way through a product development meeting raise your hand and propose that security outcomes and risks be defined at each step along critical user journeys whether you re building an integration between enterprise systems a user facing application or a platform meant to save your customers complexity and money putting security at the forefront of the product team s challenge will be transformative bridging the moat security kode vicious in search of quietude learning to say no to interruption kv is old enough to remember a time before ubiquitous cell phones a world in which email was the predominant form of intra and interoffice communication and it was perfectly normal not to read your email for hours in order to concentrate on a task of course back then we also worked in offices where co workers would readily walk in unannounced to interrupt us that too was annoying but could easily be deterred through the clever use of headphones business management development kode vicious volume 23 issue 2 ai it s all about inference now michael gschwind model inference has become the critical driver for model performance as the scaling of pretraining is reaching a plateau of diminishing returns model inference is quickly becoming an important driver for model performance today test time compute scaling offers a new exciting avenue to increase model performance beyond what can be achieved with training and test time compute techniques cover a fertile area for many more breakthroughs in ai innovations using ensemble methods iterative refinement repeated sampling retrieval augmentation chain of thought reasoning search and agentic ensembles are already yielding improvements in model quality performance and offer additional opportunities for future growth ai develop deploy operate titus winters leah rivers and salim virji a holistic model for understanding the costs and value of software development by taking a holistic view of the commercial software development process we have identified tensions between various factors and where changes in one phase or to infrastructure affect other phases we have distinguished four distinct forms of impact warned against measuring against unknown counterfactuals and suggested a consensus mechanism for estimating ddr defect detection and resolution costs our approach balances product outcomes and the strategic need for change with both the human and machine costs of producing valuable software with this model the process of commercial software development could become more comprehensible across roles and levels and therefore more easily improved within an organization business management development generative ai at the edge challenges and opportunities vijay janapa reddi the next phase in ai deployment generative ai at the edge is the next phase in ai s deployment by tackling the technical hurdles and establishing new frameworks we can ensure this transition is successful and beneficial the coming years will likely see embodied federated and cooperative small models become commonplace quietly working to enhance our lives in the background much as embedded microcontrollers did in the previous tech generation the difference is these models won t just compute they will communicate create and adapt ai research for practice the point is addressing daniel bittman with introduction by peter alvaro a brief tour of efforts to reimagine programming in a world of changing memories even something as innocent as addressing comes from a rich design space filled with tradeoffs between important considerations such as scaling transparency overhead and programmer control these tradeoffs are just some of the examples of the many challenges facing programmers today especially as we drive our applications to larger scales the way we refer to and address data matters with reasons ranging from speed to complexity to consistency and can have unexpected effects down the line if we do not carefully consider how we talk about and refer to data at large memory research for practice drill bits sandboxing foolproof boundaries vs unbounded foolishness terence kelly with special guest borer edison fuh sandboxing mitigates the risks of software so large and complex that it s likely to harbor security vulnerabilities to safely harness useful yet ominously opaque libraries a simple mechanism provides ironclad confinement or does it code development drill bits security kode vicious can t we have nice things careful crafting and the longevity of code we build apparatus in order to show some effect we re trying to discover or measure a good example is faraday s motor experiment which showed the interaction between electricity and magnetism the apparatus has several components but the main feature is that it makes visible an invisible force electromagnetism faraday clearly had a hypothesis about the interaction between electricity and magnetism and all science starts from a hypothesis the next step was to show through experiment an effect that proved or disproved the hypothesis this is how empiricists operate they have a hunch build an apparatus run an experiment refine the hunch and then wash rinse and repeat code development kode vicious the soft side of software peer mentoring kate matsudaira my favorite growth hack for engineers and leaders stop waiting for a senior mentor to appear your peers are some of the most valuable mentors you ll ever find start leveraging those relationships sharing insights and bringing value to every conversation your career will thank you for it business management the soft side of software older issues columns the bikeshed bridging the moat commit to memory drill bits escaping the singularity kode vicious operations and life the soft side of software discussions 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