Meta tags:
Headings (most frequently used words):
reproductive, external, genitalia, genital, female, system, contents, internal, function, development, clinical, significance, rights, history, see, also, references, links, vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian, tubes, ovaries, vestibular, glands, vaginitis, bacterial, vaginosis, yeast, infection, mutilation, surgery, birth, control,
Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (270), and (97), #reproductive (51), #system (49), female (41), uterus (33), edit (28), vagina (25), from (24), health (23), women (21), for (21), are (21), menstrual (20), article (18), external (17), fallopian (17), that (17), main (17), can (16), this (15), with (15), retrieved (14), vaginal (14), labia (14), ligaments (14), which (14), vulva (13), genital (13), human (12), internal (12), glands (12), tract (12), organs (12), pregnancy (12), fetus (12), other (11), menstruation (11), sexual (11), ovum (11), birth (11), genitalia (11), egg (11), veins (10), cervix (10), sex (10), fertilization (10), tube (10), also (10), will (10), control (9), clitoris (9), tubes (9), ovaries (9), male (9), cancer (9), vaginitis (9), body (8), uterine (8), arteries (8), artery (8), ovary (8), infection (8), infections (8), has (8), function (8), yeast (8), sperm (8), wikipedia (7), vestibule (7), wall (7), tissue (7), during (7), mutilation (7), cell (7), there (7), through (7), view (6), may (6), page (6), ovarian (6), vestibular (6), gland (6), minora (6), canal (6), bone (6), disease (6), oral (6), archived (6), where (6), doi (6), development (6), 2023 (6), anatomy (6), their (6), rights (6), its (6), made (6), into (6), toggle (5), about (5), commons (5), links (5), 2019 (5), hygiene (5), pad (5), cycle (5), contraceptive (5), ovulation (5), systems (5), blood (5), posterior (5), majora (5), urinary (5), breast (5), research (5), original (5), pmid (5), history (5), have (5), such (5), bacterial (5), vaginosis (5), chromosome (5), duct (5), contents (4), search (4), non (4), wikidata (4), articles (4), all (4), references (4), international (4), related (4), urethra (4), openings (4), clitoral (4), nerves (4), pudendal (4), dorsal (4), bulbs (4), part (4), suspensory (4), labial (4), anterior (4), folds (4), skene (4), bartholin (4), endometrium (4), cavity (4), wolffian (4), small (4), upper (4), immune (4), muscular (4), violence (4), gender (4), diseases (4), childbirth (4), intercourse (4), forced (4), pelvic (4), sterilization (4), conception (4), 2020 (4), offspring (4), cleveland (4), clinic (4), clinical (4), parts (4), see (4), not (4), including (4), many (4), two (4), caused (4), known (4), usually (4), contains (4), until (4), fertilized (4), then (4), lining (4), called (4), vessels (4), embryo (4), help (4), opening (4), hide (4), move (4), sidebar (4), additional (3), wikimedia (3), use (3), was (3), category (3), tampon (3), period (3), premenstrual (3), mental (3), events (3), menorrhagia (3), based (3), cervical (3), menopause (3), life (3), follicular (3), vein (3), hymen (3), hood (3), nerve (3), glans (3), commissure (3), corpora (3), cavernosa (3), ligament (3), mons (3), epithelium (3), round (3), fluid (3), lower (3), joint (3), united (3), family (3), child (3), against (3), major (3), orgasm (3), gynaecological (3), contraceptives (3), care (3), bleeding (3), 2018 (3), june (3), 2022 (3), pmc (3), 978 (3), repair (3), protect (3), conditions (3), 2021 (3), infectious (3), females (3), reproduction (3), these (3), genitals (3), well (3), types (3), surgery (3), following (3), appearance (3), most (3), common (3), range (3), irritation (3), one (3), discharge (3), secretions (3), them (3), cells (3), significance (3), father (3), develop (3), allows (3), protected (3), when (3), shaped (3), organ (3), becomes (3), movement (3), developing (3), outside (3), create (3), tools (3), subsection (3), topic (2), languages (2), table (2), legal (2), contact (2), privacy (2), policy (2), available (2), under (2), terms (2), you (2), september (2), 2026 (2), wayback (2), link (2), short (2), description (2), different (2), needing (2), november (2), national (2), poverty (2), suppression (2), islam (2), culture (2), day (2), cup (2), cloth (2), feminine (2), management (2), disorder (2), activity (2), dysmenorrhea (2), amenorrhea (2), disorders (2), hormonal (2), method (2), fertility (2), awareness (2), mucus (2), menarche (2), phase (2), pouch (2), perineal (2), sponge (2), urethral (2), venous (2), plexus (2), orifice (2), tunica (2), albuginea (2), deep (2), frenulum (2), corona (2), pubis (2), support (2), structures (2), walls (2), diaphragm (2), general (2), uterosacral (2), cardinal (2), broad (2), perimetrium (2), myometrium (2), layers (2), portion (2), isthmus (2), fundus (2), fimbriae (2), oogenesis (2), placenta (2), penis (2), ureter (2), accessory (2), lung (2), lymphoid (2), myeloid (2), mammary (2), skin (2), equivalent (2), lymphatic (2), cardiovascular (2), fibrous (2), states (2), planning (2), society (2), study (2), elimination (2), discrimination (2), factors (2), depressive (2), depression (2), hip (2), puberty (2), marriage (2), clitoridectomy (2), sexually (2), transmitted (2), intrauterine (2), contraception (2), infertility (2), mother (2), transmission (2), abortion (2), maternal (2), postpartum (2), fistula (2), obstetrical (2), diabetes (2), obstetrics (2), 2014 (2), july (2), biology (2), evolution (2), self (2), print (2), symptoms (2), among (2), iyer (2), 2000 (2), cd000154 (2), 2011 (2), 4419 (2), isbn (2), diagnosis (2), 2010 (2), details (2), oocytes (2), dna (2), double (2), strand (2), breaks (2), genetic (2), integrity (2), hormones (2), structure (2), applied (2), what (2), october (2), emerging (2), new (2), sexuality (2), because (2), been (2), less (2), both (2), males (2), contribute (2), either (2), four (2), later (2), semen (2), include (2), removal (2), particularly (2), various (2), out (2), treatment (2), procedures (2), genitoplasty (2), they (2), cause (2), least (2), fungus (2), varies (2), area (2), stop (2), inflammation (2), three (2), thin (2), bacteria (2), odor (2), determine (2), responsible (2), mucous (2), presence (2), certain (2), information (2), inherits (2), degrade (2), testosterone (2), müllerian (2), follicle (2), transluminal (2), produce (2), meatus (2), travels (2), toward (2), releases (2), essential (2), surface (2), located (2), lateral (2), ova (2), process (2), length (2), leading (2), enter (2), inner (2), implants (2), beginning (2), develops (2), begins (2), womb (2), delivery (2), contractions (2), thick (2), labeled (2), illustration (2), vulval (2), top (2), consists (2), tissues (2), arousal (2), nearby (2), occurs (2), zygote (2), enough (2), connected (2), iliac (2), learn (2), sources (2), citations (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), read (2), english (2), bahasa (2), log (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, safety, contacts, disclaimers, text, apply, using, site, agree, registered, trademark, profit, organization, foundation, inc, creative, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, last, edited, utc, hidden, categories, webarchive, template, https, org, index, php, title, female_reproductive_system, oldid, 1373346236, terminologia, anatomica, israel, spain, czech, republic, fast, authority, databases, transgender, people, tax, sustainable, niddah, misinformation, hut, celebration, taboo, stigma, leave, chhaupadi, religion, underwear, psychosis, dysphoric, syndrome, water, retention, synchrony, folliculogenesis, polymenorrhea, epimenorrhea, polymenorrhagia, oligoovulation, oligomenorrhea, oligoamenorrhea, metrorrhagia, metropathia, haemorrhagica, hypermenorrhea, menometrorrhagia, irregular, hypomenorrhea, cryptomenorrhea, anovulation, lactational, extended, combined, creighton, model, billings, calendar, methods, mittelschmerz, basal, temperature, signs, tracking, stages, luteal, phases, uterotubal, junctions, vesicouterine, rectouterine, spot, plexuses, spiral, arcuate, supply, fossa, septum, fascia, superficial, pars, intermedia, angle, infra, corporeal, residual, spongy, trabeculae, fundiform, crura, root, interlabial, sulci, dartos, muliebris, labiocrural, cleft, fornices, rugae, urogenital, pubocervical, parametrium, horns, supravaginal, regions, paroophora, vesicular, appendages, epoophora, gartner, ducts, vestiges, pampiniform, intramural, segments, ostia, infundibula, ampullae, isthmi, ootid, ootidogenesis, oocyte, oocytogenesis, oogonium, retia, ovarii, medulla, stroma, cumulus, oophorus, cortex, germinal, perivitelline, space, membrana, granulosa, zona, pellucida, radiata, antrum, interna, externa, thecae, albicans, luteum, hemorrhagicum, corpus, follicles, adnexa, islets, langerhans, adrenal, parathyroid, thyroid, pineal, pituitary, endocrine, seminal, vesicle, testicle, prostate, scrotum, bladder, kidney, genitourinary, pancreas, biliary, liver, anus, rectum, colon, appendix, intestine, stomach, esophagus, laryngopharynx, oropharynx, tooth, lip, tongue, salivary, mouth, digestive, bronchus, trachea, larynx, nasopharynx, nose, respiratory, haematopoietic, subcutaneous, integumentary, somatic, eye, ear, sensory, spinal, cord, brain, nervous, glymphatic, cns, lymph, node, spleen, secondary, thymus, marrow, primary, heart, vessel, peripheral, circulatory, tendon, muscle, synovial, cartilaginous, joints, cartilage, sternum, pelvis, vertebra, rib, ulna, tibia, tarsus, skull, radius, phalanges, patella, ossicles, metatarsus, metacarpus, mandible, humerus, fibula, femur, thigh, clavicle, collar, carpus, skeletal, musculoskeletal, wikiproject, russia, india, ethiopia, china, country, cartwright, inquiry, black, nurses, center, initiative, office, commission, status, girl, declaration, convention, forms, nations, politics, advocacy, empowerment, justice, social, determinants, disparities, healthcare, inequality, equality, disadvantaged, sociocultural, incontinence, anxiety, anaemia, fracture, osteoporosis, alzheimer, dementia, papanicolaou, test, endometrial, communicable, femicide, rape, assault, harassment, misogyny, intimate, partner, domestic, abuse, education, differences, polygamy, leblouh, dyspareunia, ironing, binding, infibulation, inflammatory, hpv, vaccine, papilloma, virus, hiv, safe, hormone, replacement, therapy, amenorrhoea, sanitary, aids, planned, parenthood, security, prevalence, condoms, devices, fostering, adoption, parenting, vitro, assisted, technology, childlessness, plan, breastfeeding, compulsory, stillbirths, perinatal, mortality, deaths, confinement, husband, stitch, episiotomy, rectovaginal, vesicovaginal, fistulae, retained, cesarian, section, obstructed, labor, oxytocin, multiple, births, preterm, midwifery, eclampsia, preeclampsia, hypertension, gestational, miscarriage, ectopic, hyperemesis, gravidarum, complications, adolescent, antenatal, gravidity, parity, unintended, interactive, diagram, machine, wikibook, physiology, media, yong, geographic, animal, cooper, january, abc, online, shunned, researchers, brennan, patricia, 532, 1093, icb, icac115, 521, integrative, comparative, morphology, amniotes, anwar, etin, generative, contribution, london, routledge, 2006, wit, booij, giltay, joffe, schoevers, oldehinkel, 31577333, 6777223, 1001, jamapsychiatry, 2838, jama, psychiatry, association, adolescents, young, farquhar, jepson, vadeihi, pills, heavy, 10796696, 1002, 14651858, cochrane, database, syst, rev, zaino, richard, robboy, stanley, bentley, rex, kurman, robert, 154, 0488, 1007, 0489, 8_3, 105, blaustein, pathology, egan, lipsky, 104, 10997533, 1095, american, physician, february, august, stringer, winship, zerafa, wakefield, hutt, 11522, 32381741, 7260990, 1073, pnas, 2001124117, 2020pnas, 11711513s, bibcode, 11513, 117, proc, natl, acad, sci, efficiently, restore, alberts, bruce, johnson, alexander, lewis, julian, raff, martin, roberts, keith, walter, peter, 2002, garland, science, molecular, 4th, edition, location, training, seer, gov, ellis, harold, mahadevan, vishy, 2013, 13th, chichester, west, sussex, wiley, blackwell, 118, 37376, students, junior, doctors, april, 2025, www, universityobgynassoc, com, gynecology, need, know, your, baby, scoullar, michelle, boeuf, philippe, peach, elizabeth, 904, 33622474, 7920647, 3201, eid2703, 201783, 894, mycoplasma, genitalium, pregnant, papua, guinea, 2015, 2017, volume, number, march, journal, cdc, remains, poorly, understood, studied, than, evolutionary, claimed, writings, seed, otherwise, children, would, resemble, parents, hundred, years, identified, source, galen, hippocratic, right, matters, involving, violation, complete, partial, founded, 1954, promote, being, raising, standards, practice, were, 124, countries, involved, federation, gynaecology, physical, nature, assist, medical, however, variety, side, effects, refers, carried, damaged, change, elective, surgical, practices, mutilating, cultures, practiced, circumcision, excision, involve, adverse, consequences, irreparable, damage, sometimes, prove, fatal, sepsis, prepuce, according, adult, experienced, once, lifetime, overgrowth, imbalance, acidic, weakened, tight, fitting, clothing, itching, burning, white, cottage, cheese, like, reported, experience, painful, urination, taking, sample, placing, microscope, evidence, diagnose, creams, around, tablets, growth, douching, candida, centers, prevention, differs, polymicrobial, consisting, species, criteria, present, homogenous, attached, fishy, associated, increased, risk, endometritis, epithelial, largely, condition, presented, difficult, any, organism, age, microbial, identification, necessarily, agents, make, close, proximity, membranes, diagnosed, color, quality, further, characteristics, specifically, 23rd, pair, chromosomes, inherited, since, who, determines, case, thus, remnants, hand, stimulate, bring, residing, growing, arrested, state, but, capable, highly, efficient, capability, maintained, genome, damages, homologous, recombinational, prophase, primordial, used, insemination, fertiloscopy, absence, eventually, traverse, entire, exiting, functions, lubricating, ejaculation, lubrication, after, going, occur, often, happens, implant, plays, role, molecules, guiding, attach, absorb, begin, paired, near, production, secretion, released, speed, impacts, periodic, gonads, maturity, rupture, allowing, escape, pushed, along, movements, trip, takes, hours, days, while, normally, reaches, signals, cilia, pear, accept, implanted, derives, nourishment, exclusively, purpose, gestates, does, embed, stabilize, position, limits, keep, moving, inferiorly, anteriorly, restrict, prevent, inferior, provides, mechanical, protection, nutritional, waste, weeks, week, addition, important, pushing, time, neck, narrow, joins, shape, protrudes, approximately, half, visible, remainder, lies, above, beyond, layer, emerges, conical, cylindrical, fibromuscular, referred, context, containing, potentially, enabling, ejaculated, spermatozoa, schematic, drawing, frontal, sagittal, pairs, covers, connective, entrance, exits, urine, almond, between, mass, grows, pubic, hair, fatty, vertical, large, outer, dryness, pea, aid, filling, erection, includes, corresponding, woman, goes, halts, releasing, eggs, stops, preparing, within, marks, over, generations, form, itself, continue, dilates, although, modern, advent, nourishing, infants, infant, formula, breasts, newborn, propel, developed, survive, full, term, gestation, blastocyst, divide, embryogenesis, produces, transit, fertilize, transits, meets, way, single, merge, creating, shed, immature, able, release, matured, facilitate, protective, environment, several, prone, fold, flap, accommodates, just, below, helps, venus, lumen, orifices, fimbria, ovarica, branches, abdominal, femoral, head, levator, ani, floor, mesometrium, mesovarium, mesosalpinx, visceral, peritoneum, infundibulum, ampulla, fornix, bulb, anatomical, terminology, 45663, fma, 3469, ta2, a09, 001, ta98, d005836, mesh, systema, genitale, femininum, latin, identifiers, pictorial, humans, how, remove, message, please, unsourced, material, challenged, jstor, scholar, books, newspapers, news, find, removed, adding, reliable, improve, needs, more, organisms, free, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, version, download, pdf, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, cite, permanent, here, actions, talk, isizulu, tiếng, việt, vèneto, українська, татарча, tatarça, türkçe, tagalog, тоҷикӣ, తెలుగు, தமிழ், sakizaya, svenska, српски, srpski, shqip, slovenščina, slovenčina, simple, русский, română, ရခိုင်, português, polski, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ, नेपाली, melayu, मराठी, മലയാളം, македонски, minangkabau, malagasy, lietuvių, lingua, franca, nova, lëtzebuergesch, кыргызча, kurdî, 한국어, 日本語, italiano, igbo, indonesia, հայերեն, magyar, kreyòl, ayisyen, hrvatski, हिन्दी, עברית, hausa, galego, français, suomi, فارسی, euskara, español, esperanto, ελληνικά, ދިވެހިބަސް, dansk, کوردی, català, bosanski, বাংলা, भोजपुरी, български, беларуская, bikol, central, azərbaycanca, asturianu, العربية, aragonés, personal, special, pages, recent, community, portal, random, current, navigation, jump, content,
Text of the page (random words):
will eventually traverse the entire reproductive tract from the fallopian tube until exiting the vagina through menstruation the reproductive tract can be used for various transluminal procedures such as fertiloscopy intrauterine insemination and transluminal sterilization oocytes residing in the primordial follicle of the ovary are in a non growing prophase arrested state but are capable of highly efficient homologous recombinational repair of dna damages including double strand breaks 10 this capability allows genome integrity to be maintained and offspring health to be protected 10 development edit main article development of the reproductive system chromosome characteristics determine the genetic sex of a fetus at conception this is specifically based on the 23rd pair of chromosomes that is inherited since the mother s egg contains an x chromosome and the father s sperm contains either an x or y chromosome it is the male who determines the fetus sex if the fetus inherits the x chromosome from the father the fetus will be a female in this case testosterone is not made and the wolffian duct will degrade thus the müllerian duct will develop into female sex organs the clitoris is the remnants of the wolffian duct on the other hand if the fetus inherits the y chromosome from the father the fetus will be a male the presence of testosterone will stimulate the wolffian duct which will bring about the development of the male sex organs and the müllerian duct will degrade 11 clinical significance edit further information vulva disease vaginitis edit vaginitis is inflammation of the vagina and largely caused by an infection it is the most common gynaecological condition presented 12 it is difficult to determine any one organism most responsible for vaginitis because it varies from range of age sexual activity and method of microbial identification vaginitis is not necessarily caused by a sexually transmitted infection as there are many infectious agents that make use of the close proximity to mucous membranes and secretions vaginitis is usually diagnosed based on the presence of vaginal discharge which can have a certain color odor or quality 13 bacterial vaginosis edit main article bacterial vaginosis this is a vaginal infection in women it differs from vaginitis in that there is no inflammation bacterial vaginosis is polymicrobial consisting of many bacteria species the diagnosis for bacterial vaginosis is made if three of the following four criteria are present 1 homogenous thin discharge 2 a ph of 4 5 in the vagina 3 epithelial cells in the vagina with bacteria attached to them or 4 a fishy odor it has been associated with an increased risk of other genital tract infections such as endometritis 13 yeast infection edit main article vaginal yeast infection this is a common cause of vaginal irritation and according to the centers for disease control and prevention at least 75 of adult women have experienced one at least once in their lifetime yeast infections are caused by an overgrowth of fungus in the vagina known as candida yeast infections are usually caused by an imbalance of the ph in the vagina which is usually acidic other factors such as pregnancy diabetes weakened immune systems tight fitting clothing or douching can also be a cause symptoms of yeast infections include itching burning irritation and a white cottage cheese like discharge from the vagina women have also reported that they experience painful intercourse and urination as well taking a sample of the vaginal secretions and placing them under a microscope for evidence of yeast can diagnose a yeast infection treatment varies from creams that can be applied in or around the vaginal area to oral tablets that stop the growth of fungus 13 genital mutilation edit main article female genital mutilation there are many practices of mutilating female genitalia in different cultures the most common two types of genital mutilation practiced are clitoridectomy the circumcision of the clitoris and the excision of the clitoral prepuce they can all involve a range of adverse health consequences such as bleeding irreparable tissue damage and sepsis which can sometimes prove fatal genital surgery edit main article genitoplasty genitoplasty refers to surgery that is carried out to repair damaged sex organs particularly following cancer and its treatment there are also elective surgical procedures which change the appearance of the external genitals birth control edit main article birth control there are many types of birth control available to females birth control can be hormonal or physical in nature oral contraception can assist with management of various medical conditions such as menorrhagia 14 however oral contraceptives can have a variety of side effects including depression 15 reproductive rights edit main article reproductive rights the international federation of gynaecology and obstetrics was founded in 1954 to promote the well being of women particularly in raising the standards of gynaecological practice and care as of 2010 there were 124 countries involved reproductive rights are legal rights related to reproduction and reproductive health women have the right to control matters involving their sexuality including their sexual and reproductive health violation of these rights include forced pregnancy forced sterilization forced abortion and genital mutilation female genital mutilation is the complete or partial removal of a female s external genitals history edit it is claimed in the hippocratic writings that both males and females contribute their seed to conception otherwise children would not resemble either or both of their parents four hundred years later galen identified the source of female semen as the ovaries in female reproductive organs 16 the evolutionary history of the female reproductive system remains poorly understood because it has been less studied than the male reproductive system 17 18 19 see also edit conception development of the reproductive system evolution of sexual reproduction female infertility oogenesis human sexuality female anatomy and reproductive system orgasm females references edit scoullar michelle j l boeuf philippe peach elizabeth 2021 mycoplasma genitalium and other reproductive tract infections in pregnant women papua new guinea 2015 2017 volume 27 number 3 march 2021 emerging infectious diseases journal cdc emerging infectious diseases 27 3 894 904 doi 10 3201 eid2703 201783 pmc 7920647 pmid 33622474 archived from the original on 9 october 2022 retrieved 9 october 2022 gynecology what you need to know about your baby parts www universityobgynassoc com 23 april 2021 retrieved 2025 08 31 ellis harold mahadevan vishy 2013 clinical anatomy applied anatomy for students and junior doctors 13th ed chichester west sussex uk wiley blackwell isbn 978 1 118 37376 7 female reproductive system structure function cleveland clinic retrieved 2023 12 19 genital tract training seer cancer gov retrieved 2023 12 19 fallopian tubes location anatomy function conditions cleveland clinic retrieved 2023 12 19 female reproductive system structure function cleveland clinic retrieved 2023 12 19 ovaries anatomy function hormones conditions cleveland clinic retrieved 2023 12 19 alberts bruce johnson alexander lewis julian raff martin roberts keith walter peter 2002 fertilization molecular biology of the cell 4th edition garland science retrieved 2023 12 19 1 2 stringer jm winship a zerafa n wakefield m hutt k may 2020 oocytes can efficiently repair dna double strand breaks to restore genetic integrity and protect offspring health proc natl acad sci u s a 117 21 11513 11522 bibcode 2020pnas 11711513s doi 10 1073 pnas 2001124117 pmc 7260990 pmid 32381741 details of genital development archived from the original on february 25 2020 retrieved august 6 2010 egan me lipsky ms 2000 diagnosis of vaginitis american family physician 62 5 1095 104 pmid 10997533 archived from the original on 6 june 2011 retrieved 7 july 2020 1 2 3 zaino richard j robboy stanley j bentley rex kurman robert j 2011 diseases of the vagina blaustein s pathology of the female genital tract pp 105 154 doi 10 1007 978 1 4419 0489 8_3 isbn 978 1 4419 0488 1 iyer v farquhar c jepson r 2000 iyer vadeihi ed oral contraceptive pills for heavy menstrual bleeding cochrane database syst rev 2 cd000154 doi 10 1002 14651858 cd000154 pmid 10796696 de wit ae booij sh giltay ej joffe h schoevers ra oldehinkel aj 2020 association of use of oral contraceptives with depressive symptoms among adolescents and young women jama psychiatry 77 1 52 59 doi 10 1001 jamapsychiatry 2019 2838 pmc 6777223 pmid 31577333 anwar etin the transmission of generative self and women s contribution to conception gender and self in islam london routledge 2006 75 print brennan patricia l r september 2022 evolution and morphology of genitalia in female amniotes integrative and comparative biology 62 3 521 532 doi 10 1093 icb icac115 retrieved may 17 2026 cooper d may 7 2014 female genitalia shunned by researchers abc online archived from the original on january 11 2019 retrieved june 6 2018 yong e may 6 2014 where s all the animal vagina research national geographic society archived from the original on july 7 2018 retrieved june 6 2018 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to human female reproductive system the wikibook human physiology has a page on the topic of the female reproductive system female reproductive system archived 2019 05 27 at the wayback machine interactive diagram of female reproductive system v t e women s health reproductive health reproductive tract external female genitalia vulva clitoris clitoral hood labia minora labia majora vagina cervix uterus fallopian tube ovary reproductive system disease maternal health pregnancy unintended pregnancy gravidity and parity obstetrics antenatal care adolescent pregnancy complications of pregnancy hyperemesis gravidarum ectopic pregnancy miscarriage obstetrical bleeding gestational diabetes hypertension preeclampsia eclampsia childbirth midwifery preterm birth multiple births oxytocin obstructed labor cesarian section retained placenta obstetrical fistulae vesicovaginal fistula rectovaginal fistula episiotomy husband stitch postpartum care postpartum confinement maternal deaths perinatal mortality stillbirths abortion mother to child transmission sterilization compulsory sterilization breastfeeding and mental health reproductive life plan infertility childlessness assisted reproductive technology in vitro fertilization parenting adoption fostering contraception and family planning intrauterine devices oral contraceptives condoms male contraceptive contraceptive prevalence contraceptive security planned parenthood fertility awareness menstruation culture and menstruation feminine hygiene menarche menstrual cycle menstrual aids cloth menstrual pad menstrual cup tampon sanitary pad dysmenorrhea menorrhagia amenorrhoea menopause hormone replacement therapy sexual health sexually transmitted infections safe sex hiv human papilloma virus hpv vaccine pelvic inflammatory disease female genital mutilation clitoridectomy infibulation breast binding breast health breast ironing child marriage dyspareunia forced marriage gynaecological disorders vaginitis leblouh polygamy sexual intercourse orgasm puberty sex differences sex education non reproductive health violence against women abuse during childbirth domestic violence pregnancy intimate partner violence misogyny sexual harassment sexual assault rape femicide gender discrimination non communicable diseases cancer lung cancer breast cancer uterine cancer endometrial cancer cervical cancer papanicolaou test ovarian cancer cardiovascular disease dementia alzheimer s disease bone health osteoporosis hip fracture anaemia mental health anxiety depression major depressive disorder urinary tract urethra urinary tract infection urinary incontinence sociocultural factors poverty disadvantaged gender equality healthcare inequality gender disparities in health social determinants of health reproductive justice women s empowerment politics research and advocacy united nations the convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women declaration on the elimination of violence against women international day of the girl child commission on the status of women un women united states office of research on women s health women s health initiative international center for research on women nurses health study black women s health study cartwright inquiry society for women s health research women s health by country china ethiopia india family planning russia birth control in the united states category commons wikiproject v t e human systems and organs musculoskeletal system skeletal system bone carpus collar bone clavicle thigh bone femur fibula humerus mandible metacarpus metatarsus ossicles patella phalanges radius skull tarsus tibia ulna rib vertebra pelvis sternum cartilage joints fibrous joint cartilaginous joint synovial joint muscular system muscle tendon diaphragm circulatory system cardiovascular system peripheral artery vein lymphatic vessel heart lymphatic system primary bone marrow thymus secondary spleen lymph node cns equivalent glymphatic system nervous system brain spinal cord nerve sensory system ear eye somatic system tissue integumentary system skin subcutaneous tissue breast mammary gland haematopoietic and immune systems myeloid myeloid immune system lymphoid lymphoid immune system respiratory system upper nose nasopharynx larynx lower trachea bronchus lung digestive system mouth salivary gland tongue lip tooth upper gi oropharynx laryngopharynx esophagus stomach lower gi small intestine appendix colon rectum anus accessory liver biliary tract pancreas urinary system genitourinary system kidney ureter bladder urethra reproductive system male scrotum penis prostate testicle seminal vesicle female uterus vagina vulva ovary placenta endocrine system pituitary pineal thyroid parathyroid adrenal islets of langerhans v t e female reproductive system internal adnexa ovaries follicles corpus hemorrhagicum luteum albicans thecae externa interna follicular antrum follicular fluid corona radiata zona pellucida membrana granulosa perivitelline space other germinal epithelium tunica albuginea cortex cumulus oophorus stroma medulla retia ovarii oogenesis oogonium oocytogenesis oocyte ootidogenesis ootid ovum fallopian tubes isthmi ampullae infundibula fimbriae ostia intramural segments ligaments ovarian ligaments suspensory ligaments pampiniform plexus wolffian vestiges gartner s ducts epoophora vesicular appendages paroophora uterus regions body cavity fundus isthmus cervix canal internal os external os supravaginal portion horns layers wall endometrium myometrium perimetrium parametrium epithelium ligaments round ligaments broad ligaments cardinal ligaments uterosacral ligaments puboc...
|
