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ucl kcl and imperial have very large research grants some of the largest in england after cambridge and oxford ucl and imperial receive around 600 million each which is more than twice as much as any other in the region the next largest institution by funding is queen mary university of london followed by city university of london london is also home to the london school of economics and political science lse one of the few solely social science institutions in the world together with ucl and imperial they make up the london vertex of the golden triangle universities the other institutions being oxford and cambridge the region has many medical schools although these are part of other institutions such as ucl kcl and imperial the royal veterinary college is based in camden with another site in north mymms in hertfordshire 50 of students come from the region and around 30 from other regions most students from other regions come from south east england the east of england and to a lesser degree south west england the vast majority are from the south of england over 50 students native to the region stay in the region with 15 going to south east england 30 to either scotland wales or the north east and around 5 go elsewhere london is a draw for uk graduates from all over the uk over 70 of uk students to graduate from the university of london remain in london just under 15 go to the south east and just over 5 go to the east of england and 10 elsewhere twin cities edit the gla has twin and sister city agreements with the following cities 56 country city region year china shanghai shanghai municipality 2009 57 china beijing beijing municipality 2006 58 france paris île de france 2001 germany berlin berlin 2000 russia moscow russian federal city 2002 united states new york city new york 2001 59 japan tokyo tokyo 2005 croatia zagreb city of zagreb 2009 india mumbai maharashtra see also edit london portal england portal united kingdom portal europe portal geographical central london inner london outer london london boroughs greater london urban area london commuter belt metropolitan police district m25 motorway political mayor of london list of lord lieutenants of greater london list of high sheriffs of greater london london plan city of london historical metropolitan board of works county of london greater london council others global city megacity metropolis notes edit croydon and southwark have made several failed applications for city status 1 2 components may not sum to totals due to rounding 1 2 includes hunting and forestry 1 2 includes energy and construction 1 2 includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured references edit high sheriffs the privy council office retrieved 1 april 2026 1 2 population estimates for 1997 lieutenancy areas in england and wales june 2024 office for national statistics 18 november 2025 retrieved 19 november 2025 1 2 3 mid year population estimates united kingdom june 2024 office for national statistics 26 september 2025 retrieved 26 september 2025 london government act 1963 latest available legislation gov uk archived from the original on 29 october 2021 retrieved 12 october 2021 population estimates for 1997 lieutenancy areas in england and wales june 2024 office for national statistics 18 november 2025 retrieved 19 november 2025 london government act 1963 latest available legislation gov uk archived from the original on 29 october 2021 retrieved 12 october 2021 vision of britain census 1901 preliminary report archived 22 october 2012 at the wayback machine 1 2 young k garside p metropolitan london politics and urban change 1982 westergaard j the structure of greater london london aspects of change 1961 the motorway archive the origins of the london orbital motorway m25 archived 20 july 2009 at the wayback machine saint a politics and the people of london the london county council 1889 1965 1989 london local government the times 18 april 1921 complex london big task for inquiry commission the times 5 august 1921 greater london case for central authority area and powers the times 14 december 1921 windsor and greater london protests against proposals the times 27 december 1921 greater london report of royal commission the times 22 march 1923 the government of london the struggle for reform by gerald rhodes london weidenfeld and nicolson 1970 isbn 0 297 00031 4 bathurst david 2012 walking the county high points of england chichester summersdale pp 82 85 isbn 978 1 84 953239 6 the greater london kent and surrey order 1968 the greater london and surrey order 1970 laurence cawley 5 july 2013 london government act essex kent surrey and middlesex 50 years on bbc news archived from the original on 20 june 2018 retrieved 21 june 2018 house of commons hansard debates for 23 jun 2009 pt 0008 publications parliament uk archived from the original on 5 august 2017 retrieved 19 august 2017 dead link royal mail 2004 jones b et al politics uk 2004 arden chambers barristers a guide to the greater london authority act 2000 cox michael 30 november 2021 london is moving east city hall s crystal move confirmed for new year newham recorder archived from the original on 2 december 2021 retrieved 2 december 2021 westminster city council one city an introduction archived 22 may 2009 at the wayback machine hmso lieutenancies act 1997 archived 30 october 2007 at the wayback machine 1997 1 2 3 travers t the politics of london 2004 mills a dictionary of london place names 2001 oxford ts012 country of birth detailed office for national statistics retrieved 30 march 2024 2009 round demographic projections for the london plan pdf 2 april 2013 archived pdf from the original on 2 april 2013 retrieved 17 january 2020 greater london authority summary of country of birth in london pdf greater london authority archived from the original pdf on 27 may 2008 retrieved 6 june 2008 london france s sixth biggest city bbc news 30 may 2012 archived from the original on 17 july 2018 retrieved 21 june 2018 polish people in the uk office for national statistics 24 february 2011 archived from the original on 19 march 2011 2001 census theme tables nomis archived from the original on 20 november 2012 retrieved 5 september 2014 ethnic group by measures nomis archived from the original on 3 september 2014 retrieved 2 september 2014 ts021 ethnic group nomis official census and labour market statistics archived from the original on 10 may 2023 retrieved 30 march 2023 home office for national statistics office for national statistics archived from the original on 19 december 1996 retrieved 15 july 2020 1 2 3 2016 mid year estimates london datastore archived from the original on 7 may 2019 retrieved 7 may 2019 t 08 quinary age group and sex for local authorities in england and wales estimated resident population based on the 1991 census mid 1981 population estimates office for national statistics 22 august 2007 archived from the original on 11 january 2009 retrieved 22 august 2007 t 08h mid 1988 population estimates quinary age groups and sex for local authorities in england and wales estimated resident population revised in light of results of the 2001 census office for national statistics 22 august 2007 archived from the original on 27 june 2008 retrieved 22 august 2007 t 09a mid 1991 population estimates quinary age groups and sex for local authorities in the united kingdom estimated resident population office for national statistics 22 august 2007 archived from the original on 11 january 2009 retrieved 22 august 2007 t 08 selected age groups for local authorities in the united kingdom estimated resident population revised in light of the local authority population studies mid 2001 population estimates office for national statistics 22 august 2007 archived from the original on 11 january 2007 retrieved 22 august 2007 t 09l quinary age groups and sex for local authorities in the united kingdom estimated resident population mid 2002 population estimates reflecting the revisions due to improved international migration office for national statistics 22 august 2007 archived from the original on 11 january 2009 retrieved 22 august 2007 t 09m quinary age groups and sex for local authorities in the united kingdom estimated resident population mid 2003 population estimates reflecting the revisions due to improved international migration office for national statistics 22 august 2007 archived from the original on 11 january 2009 retrieved 22 august 2007 t 09n quinary age groups and sex for local authorities in the united kingdom estimated resident population mid 2004 population estimates reflecting the revisions due to improved international migration office for national statistics 22 august 2007 archived from the original on 11 january 2009 retrieved 22 august 2007 t 09p quinary age groups and sex for local authorities in the united kingdom estimated resident population mid 2005 population estimates reflecting the revisions due to improved international migration office for national statistics 22 august 2007 archived from the original on 11 january 2009 retrieved 22 august 2007 1 2 t 08 2011 census population and household estimates for england and wales march 2011 pdf office for national statistics 16 july 2012 archived pdf from the original on 24 february 2016 retrieved 16 july 2012 population estimates for uk england and wales scotland and northern ireland mid 2013 26 june 2014 archived from the original on 24 september 2015 retrieved 3 july 2014 mye2 population estimates by single year of age and sex for local authorities in the uk mid 2014 ons office for national statistics archived from the original on 24 september 2015 retrieved 9 july 2015 1 2 regional gdp per capita in 2009 seven capital regions in the ten first places pdf archived from the original pdf on 23 march 2012 retrieved 17 may 2012 1 2 tomlinson s education in a post welfare society 2001 bbc news what future for grammar schools archived 11 october 2007 at the wayback machine 15 february 2003 ofsted improvements in london schools 2000 06 archived 5 june 2007 at the wayback machine 2006 the mayor of london s city partnerships webpage archived 27 september 2007 at the wayback machine sister city relationships between china and the united kingdom archived 11 march 2019 at the wayback machine chinese embassy 16 july 2015 beijing london to be sister cities archived 15 december 2018 at the wayback machine china daily 11 april 2006 retrieved on 6 june 2006 sister city london nyc gov archived from the original on 14 january 2007 retrieved 3 february 2007 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to greater london neighbouring counties buckinghamshire hertfordshire essex berkshire greater london essex kent surrey surrey kent kent v t e united kingdom articles history chronology formation union of england and scotland act 1603 treaty of union acts of union 1707 union with scotland amendment act 1707 georgian era victorian era edwardian era first world war interwar second world war civilian military postwar political social since 1979 political social membership of the european union 1973 2020 by topic economic empire foreign relations 1814 1919 law enforcement maritime mass surveillance military taxation women s history geography administrative countries of the united kingdom counties city status towns under uk sovereignty crown dependencies overseas territories former colonies physical british isles terminology great britain climate change effects on health coastline geology lakes and lochs mountains rivers volcanoes resources agriculture energy biodiesel coal geothermal hydraulic frac hydroelectricity marine north sea oil renewable energy solar wind fishing english scottish welsh hunting materials forestry mining wildlife fauna flora politics constitution corruption devolution elections by elections foreign relations human rights lgbtq judiciary law law enforcement local government monarchy monarchs republicanism nationality parliament house of commons house of lords political parties female party leaders political scandals shadow cabinet separatism government cabinet list civil service departments ministers list prime minister list military his majesty s naval service royal navy royal marines british army royal air force weapons of mass destruction rights human privacy speech religion or belief lgbtq transgender intersex economy banks bank of england budget economic geography free trade agreements income manufacturing pound sterling currency science and technology stock exchanges london exchange taxation telecommunications tourism transport air transport bus transport driving roads rail transport great britain northern ireland society cannabis crime demography drug policy education environmental inequality environmental issues ethnic groups health healthcare effects of climate change homelessness housing hunger immigration innovation languages life expectancy mental health poverty prostitution public holidays racism social care social class suicide universal basic income ubi water supply and sanitation waste welfare state culture art anthem cinema cuisine fashion wine identity libraries literature media music religion sport symbols theatre stereotypes of british people world heritage sites anglosphere outline category portal v t e regions of england east of england east midlands london north east north west south east south west west midlands yorkshire and the humber v t e subdivisions of england region regions itl 1 statistical regions of england county ceremonial county combined authorities and combined county authorities metropolitan county non metropolitan county greater london district and civil parish civil parish metropolitan borough non metropolitan district london borough unitary authority sui generis city of london isles of scilly v t e 1974 1996 ceremonial counties of england current bedfordshire berkshire bristol buckinghamshire cambridgeshire cheshire cornwall cumbria derbyshire devon dorset durham east riding of yorkshire east sussex essex gloucestershire greater london greater manchester hampshire herefordshire hertfordshire isle of wight kent lancashire leicestershire lincolnshire city of london merseyside norfolk northamptonshire northumberland north yorkshire nottinghamshire oxfordshire rutland shropshire somerset south yorkshire staffordshire suffolk surrey tyne and wear warwickshire west midlands west sussex west yorkshire wiltshire worcestershire v t e greater london city of london london regional greater london authority london assembly mayor of london political parties ceremonial city of london lord mayor lord lieutenant sheriffs greater london lord lieutenant high sheriff london councils boroughs list barking and dagenham barnet bexley brent bromley camden croydon ealing enfield greenwich hackney hammersmith and fulham haringey harrow havering hillingdon hounslow islington kensington and chelsea 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