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description= Open dataset of Bitcoin mining pools: operator, fee, payout scheme, Stratum V2, custody, minimum payout, and a transparent decentralization score. CSV + JSON + REST API. CC BY 4.0; verify fees at each pool, as of 2026.;
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pool (144), the (126), #mining (81), and (63), source (57), solo (52), bitcoin (50), #miners (47), fee (40), asic (37), for (36), block (36), hashrate (36), open (35), not (33), bitaxe (32), miner (29), 2026 (28), share (28), fpps (28), payout (27), pools (27), from (26), com (25), https (25), with (24), custodial (23), central (22), are (21), database (20), june (20), braiins (20), all (19), ckpool (19), ocean (19), fees (19), you (18), decentralization (18), this (18), public (18), verify (18), yes (17), btc (17), repair (16), stratum (16), non (16), your (15), data (15), payouts (15), disclosed (15), p2pool (14), directly (14), guide (13), before (13), network (13), own (13), home (12), operator (12), datum (12), full (12), firmware (11), dataset (11), template (11), found (11), global (11), sv2 (10), foundry (10), only (10), small (10), support (9), hub (9), space (9), that (9), routing (9), coinbase (9), pplns (9), its (9), tech (8), power (8), hardware (8), work (8), has (8), 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Text of the page (random words):
verify before mining exceptionally low 0 0001 btc minimum payout luxor us luxor technology corporation not disclosed fpps no pool yes 0 001 btc 3 5 3 4 source https docs luxor tech platform mining revenue payments u s based institutional pool 3 4 june 2026 soc 2 type 2 certified offers hashrate derivatives and forward markets fixed price hash contracts minimum payout confirmed at 0 001 btc 0 000075 btc withdrawal fee fee rate is not on the website negotiate directly relatively transparent operations us jurisdiction sbi crypto jp sbi crypto co ltd subsidiary of sbi holdings not disclosed fpps no pool yes 3 5 1 3 source https mining sbi crypto com japanese institutional mining pool 1 3 june 2026 subsidiary of sbi holdings a large japanese financial services group publicly accessible since 2023 operates under japanese financial regulation small hashrate share contributes geographic diversification away from the china majority pool cluster pega pool global pega pool 2 fpps fpps no pool yes 3 5 0 5 source https www pega pool com bitcoin only fpps pool launched 2023 eco focused 1 fee vs standard 2 for miners providing verifiable renewable energy certificates small hashrate share funds renewable energy initiatives and tree planting programs sensible for miners with genuine green energy who want to reduce fees and demonstrate environmental commitment emcd eu emcd technology ltd 4 fpps fpps no pool yes 0 001 btc 2 5 0 3 source https emcd io pool bitcoin european multi coin pool integrated with the emcd digital finance ecosystem 0 3 june 2026 4 fee is on the high side the 0 coinhold option reduces the pool fee but routes rewards into emcd s custodial savings product adding a separate custody layer small hashrate share vip terms negotiated for high hashrate miners braiins pool cz braiins systems s r o founded 2010 as slush pool by marek palatinus 2 fpps 0 pplns fpps yes miner partial 0 001 btc 4 5 1 5 source https pool braiins com world s first bitcoin mining pool november 2010 pioneer of stratum v2 the only major established pool with full sv2 job negotiation in production letting miners select their own block transactions lightning payouts with no minimum 0 fee for braiins os users small network share 1 5 strengthens bitcoin s decentralization shoulders of giants note slush pool braiins and matt corallo s work on sv2 laid the foundation for miner controlled block templates dmnd demand us dmnd inc not disclosed slice yes miner yes 4 5 0 1 source https dmnd work launched 2025 as the first mining pool purpose built on stratum v2 sri codebase slice is an auditable transparent proportional payout mechanism small hashrate as of june 2026 recently launched significant for the sv2 ecosystem demonstrates that a production pool can run entirely on open sv2 infrastructure from day one verify fees and payout details at source before routing hashrate ocean global ocean mining luke dashjr et al not disclosed tides no miner no 0 00001 btc 5 5 1 0 source https ocean xyz maximum decentralization pool non custodial miners are paid directly in the block s coinbase transaction ocean never holds miner funds datum allows miners to build their own block templates 1 fee incentivizes datum adoption tides is an auditable transparent pplns variant ensuring proportional payouts without a pool held reserve tether via its hashrate operations deployed to ocean with datum in april 2025 lightning minimum payout 0 00001 btc shoulders of giants note luke dashjr and the ocean team built on foundational bitcoin infrastructure work by many contributors ckpool solo au dr con kolivas open source individual australia not disclosed solo no pool no 5 5 0 2 source https solo ckpool org open source solo pool operated by dr con kolivas since 2014 non custodial payout goes directly to miner s bitcoin address when a block is found 40 verified solo blocks found through ckpool since mid 2023 including three in early 2026 block heights 943411 944306 951408 fee is 2 but applies only to successful block finds miners with no block finds pay nothing popular with home miners bitaxe nerdqaxe clusters shoulders of giants con kolivas s open source work has been foundational to the solo mining community public pool global open source community publicpool io 0 solo no miner no 5 5 0 1 source https web public pool io open source zero fee solo pool non custodial self hostable miners can run their own public pool node on their own bitcoin full node constructing their own block templates maximum sovereignty popular with home miners running bitaxe nerdqaxe and similar open source hashers payout variance is maximum lottery model no minimum payout but also no guaranteed payout p2pool global decentralized peer to peer no central operator 0 p2p share chain no miner no 5 5 0 1 source https en bitcoin it wiki p2pool fully decentralized peer to peer mining pool with no central operator each p2pool miner runs a bitcoin full node and a p2pool node forming a share chain that mirrors bitcoin s own peer to peer model non custodial rewards included directly in block coinbase outputs each miner independently selects transactions maximum decentralization requires technical setup not beginner friendly very small hashrate share p2pool is historically significant as the purest decentralization model for pooled mining shoulders of giants p2pool was designed and built by the bitcoin open source community and has informed subsequent decentralized pool designs including tides and datum solopool com global solopool com not disclosed solo no pool no 5 5 source https solopool com multi coin hosted solo pool coins never touch its servers non custodial coinbase direct payout point a miner at stratum solopool com 3333 with user btcaddress worker the solo split feature blends solo lottery and proportional payout verify the current fee exact endpoints at solopool com braiins solo cz braiins systems s r o czechia not disclosed solo no pool no 5 5 source https academy braiins com en braiins pool solo mining solo service from braiins the team behind the world s first bitcoin mining pool slush pool 2010 credited here as a foundational predecessor 0 5 fee non custodial no registration three confirmed solo blocks in 2026 heights 951771 947128 938092 verify the exact stratum host port at academy braiins com atlaspool global atlaspool atlaspool io not disclosed solo no pool no 5 5 source https atlaspool io low latency hosted solo pool solo atlaspool io with multiple global stratum endpoints edge locations newest entrant launched november 2025 so its longevity is not yet proven verify it is still operating and confirm its fee endpoints at atlaspool io before relying on it nicehash easymining solo global nicehash hashpower marketplace easymining is its solo lottery product not a mining pool not disclosed solo no pool no 3 5 source https www nicehash com solo mining important classification nicehash is a hashpower marketplace not a mining pool easymining is its solo lottery product many untagged solo blocks in 2025 26 are easymining packages not independent home solo miners nicehash has publicly clarified this included so the distinction is explicit treat it as a marketplace product not a pool verify the 0 5 fee 99 5 reward terms at nicehash com solo mining self hosted ckpool run your own solo global you open source ckpool software by dr con kolivas not disclosed solo no miner no 5 5 source https bitbucket org ckolivas ckpool run the open source ckpool software the solobtc production branch on your own linux box bitcoin full node set serverurl 0 0 0 0 3333 and your btcaddress in ckpool conf maximum sovereignty your own node your own block templates no third party distinct from the hosted solo ckpool org requires bitcoind technical setup shoulders of giants built on con kolivas s open source ckpool not disclosed no confirmed public figure found from the pool s official documentation does not mean zero hover or tap the cell for the note always verify at source decentralization score methodology score reflects structural characteristics only not pool quality uptime or profitability the higher the score the less dependent bitcoin s block production is on trusting that specific pool 5 5 non custodial payouts to miner wallet miner controls block templates via sv2 datum solo share chain small network share 2 zero or minimal fee 4 5 small share 5 at least one strong decentralization feature sv2 job negotiation lightning non custodial option or equivalent transparent fees 3 5 small to medium share 10 custodial transparent or regulated operations geographic diversification value 2 5 elevated centralization risk large share 5 25 significant fee opacity or high fee 3 custodial no block template control 1 5 high centralization risk single entity controls 20 of network hashrate or private closed pool or asic maker operated pool structural conflict of interest cite this dataset this dataset is free to use share and adapt under the creative commons attribution 4 0 international cc by 4 0 licence please credit d central and link back suggested attribution d central technologies bitcoin mining pool database d central tech updated 2026 06 15 licensed under cc by 4 0 accessed 3 july 2026 https d central tech data mining pool database more free d central mining data open data hub protocol specs québec mining developer api free keyless embeddable widgets hashboard testers hashboard repair guides asic error code corpus asic space heater suitability heat reuse profiles asic miner spec database asic power profiles database asic power electrical requirements asic profitability leaderboard asic psu reference bitcoin asic release timeline asic reliability failure mode index asic repair parts common failure components asic repair tools equipment asic operating temperature thermal limits reference d central bench measurements efficiency noise open bitaxe benchmark database understanding payout schemes the payout scheme determines how rewards are distributed between pool members and what variance you accept in exchange fpps full pay per share the pool pays a fixed rate per share submitted covering both the block subsidy and an estimate of expected transaction fees variance is absorbed by the pool fee is higher to compensate most large institutional pools use fpps pps pay per share plus similar to fpps but the transaction fee component is paid out proportionally from actual blocks found rather than estimated used by viabtc as its primary btc scheme pplns pay per last n shares rewards are distributed from blocks the pool actually finds proportional to each miner s recent share contributions lower fee but higher variance miners absorb luck risk tides ocean a transparent auditable pplns variant rewards are paid directly from the block s coinbase transaction without the pool holding funds non custodial by design slice dmnd a proportional auditable payout mechanism native to stratum v2 miners earn from blocks found payouts are verifiable on chain solo the pool routes your hashrate toward solo block attempts if you find a block you keep the full reward minus a small fee if any if no block is found no payout occurs used by ckpool public pool p2p share chain p2pool no central pool operator miners form a peer to peer share chain mirroring bitcoin s own network payouts are embedded in block coinbase outputs no custody at any layer what stratum v2 and datum mean for miners stratum v2 is the next generation mining protocol co developed by braiins and bitcoin developer matt corallo its most important feature for decentralization is job declaration job negotiation rather than receiving a block template from the pool a miner running an sv2 job declaration client selects transactions from their own bitcoin node s mempool and proposes the template to the pool the pool distributes the work the miner controls the content datum is ocean s independently designed block template distribution protocol it achieves the same outcome miner selected transactions through a different technical path datum is not sv2 protocol but functionally it solves the same decentralization problem ocean offers a 50 fee discount 1 vs 2 to miners using datum directly incentivizing its adoption for home miners running open source hardware such as the bitaxe or nerdqaxe solo pools public pool ckpool and ocean provide the most sovereignty though with higher payout variance frequently asked questions which bitcoin mining pool is the most decentralized p2pool public pool ckpool and ocean are the highest scoring pools for decentralization 5 5 in this dataset p2pool has no central operator at all payouts appear directly in block coinbase outputs with no intermediary public pool and ckpool are solo pools where you keep the full block reward when found with zero or 2 fee ocean is non custodial with datum block template control and the lowest minimum payout 0 00001 btc via lightning braiins pool scores 4 5 it is the only major pooled mining service with full stratum v2 job negotiation in production what is the cheapest bitcoin mining pool by fee public pool charges 0 you keep the full block reward plus all transaction fees ckpool charges 2 only when a block is actually found if no block is found no fee is ever paid ocean charges 2 or 1 with datum braiins pool charges 0 for miners running braiins os firmware or 0 pplns 2 fpps for others for pooled mining with reduced variance luxor estimated 2 3 and braiins pool are among the lower cost options for non solo mining always verify current rates at the pool s official site fees change is foundry usa pool really free no and this is a common source of confusion third party trackers such as miningpoolstats list foundry at 0 but foundry s own faq confirms a tiered pricing model evaluated each quarter by your group s average hashrate industry reporting in 2024 noted foundry transitioning from a zero fee model to tiered institutional pricing contact foundry directly at foundrydigital com for your current tier rate before routing hashrate what is the difference between custodial and non custodial pool payouts in a custodial pool most fpps and pps pools the pool operator accumulates block rewards and transaction fees then distributes to miners on a schedule you trust the pool operator to pay you correctly in a non custodial pool like ocean miners are paid directly in the coinbase transaction of each block the pool finds the bitcoin never enters ocean s wallet p2pool embeds payouts in coinbase outputs with no pool operator at all solo pools ckpool public pool are also non custodial the full block reward goes to your address directly when found can i mine bitcoin with a bitaxe or nerdqaxe on these pools yes the most popular options for home miners with low hashrate bitaxe gamma nerdqaxe and similar are public pool zero fee easy setup ckpool solo 2 on finds and ocean non custodial 1 2 fee lightning payouts braiins pool also accepts any hashrate for a detailed comparison of opti...
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