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ning and carcass disposal at sea 57 the marine conservationist meliane says moreover landing sharks and rays with fins attached will facilitate species identification promote standardized data collection and reporting of official catch statistics and eliminate potential enforcement loopholes 58 because remains are not always correctly identified reports and statistics from scientists are not always reliable simply put they say that the industry is either under reporting the sharks taken annually or is frequently engaging in the practice of finning according to shark stewards a non profit environmentalist project most shark fins go to hong kong for processing and re exported to china and other countries like the us fins traded as a dried product do not have any documentation of where that shark was captured the species or if it was legally harvested or finned on the high seas as a result many consumers do not know where the fin came from or if it was caught legally or illegally 59 international restrictions edit fresh shark fins drying on a pavement in hong kong in 2013 27 countries and the european union had banned shark finning 60 international waters are unregulated international fishing authorities are considering banning shark fishing and finning in the atlantic ocean and mediterranean sea finning is banned in the eastern pacific 61 but shark fishing and finning continues unabated in most of the pacific and indian ocean 19 in countries such as thailand and singapore public awareness advertisements on finning have reportedly reduced consumption by 25 citation needed there are four main categories of restrictions as follows a shark sanctuary is an area where shark fishing is entirely prohibited this includes commercial fishing of all sharks by catching the possession trade and sale of sharks shark products although these acts against sharks are prohibited within these boundaries nothing is really keeping the sharks within those boundaries they can easily unknowingly swim outside of the protected area and be fished finned or killed as of march 2018 there are 17 shark sanctuaries in the world according to the article shark sanctuaries around the world 62 maldives 353 742 sq mi established in 2010 palau 233 317 sq mi established in 2009 federated states of micronesia 1 155 448 sq mi established in 2015 marshall islands 769 205 sq mi established in 2015 samoa 49 421 sq mi established in 2018 new caledonia 480 697 sq mi established in 2013 cook islands 756 812 sq mi established in 2012 french polynesia 1 840 642 sq mi established in 2012 honduras 92 757 sq mi established in 2011 the bahamas 242 971 sq mi established in 2011 dominican republic 104 050 sq mi established in 2017 cayman islands 45 998 sq mi established in 2015 bonaire 3 747 sq mi established in 2015 british virgin islands 30 933 sq mi established in 2014 st maarten 193 sq mi established in 2016 saba 3 102 sq mi established in 2015 areas where sharks must be landed with fins attached areas where fin to body mass ratio based regulations have been implemented areas where shark product trade regulations exist 63 european union edit shark finning was prohibited in the eu in 2003 regulation ec no 1185 2003 64 in november 2011 the ec approved a rule that would require all eu registered fishing boats to land only sharks which have retained all their fins because the legislation allowed fins to be removed on the boat and other body parts to be landed at different ports the ban proved difficult to enforce the eu parliament s fisheries committee supported the ec s proposal to ban the separate landing of shark bodies and fins however the committee approved an amendment which allows fins to be removed on board a vessel 65 on 19 march 2012 the council of the eu adopted a general approach supporting the commission s proposal to close the loopholes in the eu shark finning legislation by ensuring that all sharks were landed with their fins naturally attached without exception it is believed that spain and portugal were the only eu member states to raise objections to the commission s proposal citation needed on 6 june 2013 the council of the eu completed the final step to close loopholes in the eu shark finning ban by adopting a fins naturally attached fna policy without exception the eu has now effectively ended the practice of shark finning by eu vessels 60 national and district restrictions edit australia edit live shark finning the practice of cutting the fins from live sharks and dumping the body is illegal in all jurisdictions in australia 66 australia still participates in the shark fin trade fins naturally attached fna is the policy employed to reduce and regulate live shark finning in australia fisheries but not all states in australia have adopted this policy in queensland and western australia there is no fins naturally attached policy meaning that illegal live finning and dumping of sharks could still be occurring 67 recently the nt northern territory government implemented reforms to its shark fishery that impose stricter regulation by enforcing a fins naturally attached policy in line with international and national best practise 68 fna means that sharks must be brought back to land with the fins attached to the shark body which has been shown to greatly reduce illegal targeting dumping of unwanted sharks at sea and prevent live shark finning shark finning is not allowed in any tuna or billfish longline fishery or in any commonwealth fishery taking sharks fins must be landed attached and additional regulations apply in some states or territories in new south wales sharks taken or any relevant portion of a shark taken may not be on board any vessel at any time including after landing without fins naturally attached 69 imported products edit in australia the export and import of wildlife and wildlife products is regulated under part 13a of the federal environment protection and biodiversity conservation act 1999 epbc act which is administered by the department of sustainability environment water population and communities regulation applies equally to individuals commercial organizations and not for profit organizations cites appendix ii shark specimens cannot be legally imported into australia for personal or commercial purposes unless the specimen is accompanied by a valid australian cites import permit australian import permits can be granted only if an overseas cites export permit has been granted or the specimen is accompanied by a valid certificate issued by the overseas cites management authority confirming that the specimen was obtained before the species was listed on cites pre cites certificate or the specimen is accompanied by an overseas cites export permit or equivalent is part of personal accompanied baggage and is intended for personal use and not for trade or sale no permits are required for the import of specimens obtained from shark species other than those listed above to avoid seizure all products must be clearly labeled or have documentation certifying the species of origin canada edit shark finning has been illegal in canada since 1994 clarification needed as of 2019 the 42nd canadian parliament enacted legislation that bans the import and export of shark fins being the first country to impose a national ban 70 in late 2011 the city of brantford ontario became the first city in canada to pass new bylaws to ban the possession sale or consumption of shark fin products in that medium sized city in which no restaurants which serve shark fin exist there was no opposition to the ban which was largely symbolic nevertheless a handful of cities soon followed including toronto calgary mississauga and several others in southern ontario brantford ontario 11 to 0 vote 71 oakville ontario 7 to 0 vote 72 mississauga ontario 11 to 0 vote 73 later repealed by council on 8 may 2013 74 75 toronto 38 to 4 vote 76 later overturned by court on 30 november 2012 77 newmarket ontario 8 to 1 vote 78 calgary 13 to 2 vote 79 markham and richmond hill opted not to bring forth the motion suggesting that this issue is a federal matter chinese restaurants and businesses selling shark fin opposed the ban and in late 2011 suggested that they will challenge the by laws before the courts once fines are imposed 80 when toronto imposed steep fines they did just that in late 2012 the ontario superior court overturned toronto s shark fin ban ruling that the law as written was outside the powers of the city to impose without a legitimate local purpose and was therefore of no force and effect the judge accepted that the practice of shark finning was inhumane but he did not agree with toronto s justification of local purpose namely that the consumption of shark fins may have an adverse impact on the health and safety of its residents and on the environmental well being of the city 77 toronto has served legal notice that it plans to appeal the court ruling 81 on 1 december 2012 ontario superior court judge james spence ruled that toronto s ban was not valid members of toronto s chinese business community had also challenged that ban judge spence said that the city does not have the power to enforce the ban in september 2012 toronto s mayor rob ford believed that the ban was not the city s responsibility and so he did not support it at that time 82 on 27 march 2013 a private members bill to ban the importation of shark fins into canada failed in the house of commons shark finning was already illegal in canada clarification needed but there was no law which prohibited the importation of shark fins into canada 83 efforts to prohibit shark fin importation was restarted in the next parliament by conservative senator michael l macdonald in bill s 238 which was passed by the senate on 23 october 2018 84 calgary s city council decided to wait until december 2013 to recommended leaning away from a total ban and look for ethical sources of shark products alderman john mar said there would be more time to discuss engage and look for other options the new wording in the bylaw was meant to ban the sale distribution and trade of shark fins but not ban the possession and consumption canada s city of vancouver s councillor kerry jang said at calgary s council meeting that it was not a cultural thing and that even china and the chinese government decided to phase out all shark fins from state banquets he also mentioned that the wordings of the bylaws in calgary and toronto which face legal problems with municipal jurisdiction are trying to ban possession and consumption but that is hard to enforce and regulate 85 on 27 may 2013 against the wishes of the shark fin free calgary organization calgary city council overturned the ban there were protests against the ban from calgary s chinese community and calgary s city task force recommended against the ban according to the article in the calgary herald calgary s mayor naheed nenshi never wanted a full ban even though he had voted for the ban the previous year 86 china edit nba all star chinese basketball player yao ming pledged to stop eating shark fin soup at a news conference on 2 august 2006 87 88 american basketball player tracy mcgrady a teammate of yao s reportedly stated that he was impressed by the soup when he tried it for the first time but was criticized by the hong kong branch of the world wide fund for nature for his remark 89 opinions suggest that government corruption and official banquets contribute to the consumption of shark fins 90 91 a ban on shark fin from government banquets was announced in july 2012 and went into effect in 2013 52 hong kong edit shark fin protesters at maxim s hq hong kong on june 15 2018 also protesting starbucks decision to grant their regional license to maxim s anti shark fin protesters at the fedex depot in hong kong s kennedy town 3 july 2016 the world wide fund for nature on 8 march 2018 reported the volume of shark fin imported into hong kong has declined from 10 210 tonnes in 2007 to 4 979 tonnes in 2017 a drop of over 50 per cent 92 protesters have targeted various brands with anti shark fin demonstrations after being targeted in a may 2016 protest at hong kong international airport 93 cathay pacific in june 2016 announced they would stop shipping shark fin 94 hong kong disneyland removed shark fin soup from its wedding banquet menu after international pressure from environmental groups who threatened to boycott its parks worldwide despite the high demand for the delicacy 95 the peninsula hotel banned shark fin in 2012 96 in april 2018 shark fin protesters gatecrashed the opening of shake shack at the ifc in hong kong this was due to shake shack partnering with maxim s caterers being shake shack s hong kong licensee 97 brand premises directly owned by maxim s have been targeted in numerous protests 98 99 on 15 june 2018 protesters directly targeted maxim s headquarters in a demonstration that also highlighted maxim s being a regional licensee for starbucks 100 101 taiwan edit taiwan banned shark finning in 2011 102 but the legislation are mainly targeting fishing vessels while resellers and restaurants are not properly regulated it is reported that at least until 2021 shark finning is pretty common at sea and hard to ban totally some medical stores even allegedly put fins from cites identified species at sale publicly 103 104 in 2020 the fisheries agency deprecated the fin to body mass ratio based regulations and enforce more restrictive regulations requiring that fins are either naturally attached or tied to bodies or for small fishing boats only fins and bodies are in the same bags or tagged with the same label the environment justice foundation comments that the new regulation would facilitate port inspections and law enforcement helping reduce illegal sharking finning 105 malaysia edit malaysia was one of the top 10 importers and exporters of shark fins in the world between 2000 and 2009 106 the country caught 231 212 tonnes of sharks from 2002 to 2011 making it the eighth highest in the world and accounting for 2 9 of the global sharks caught during the same period 106 in 2007 malaysia s natural resources and environment ministry azmi khalid banned shark s fin soup from official functions committing to the malaysian nature society for conservation of shark species 107 in 2012 the sabah tourism culture and environment minister proposed an amendment to the fisheries act that would give force to set up a shark sanctuary zone in semporna and other shark populated areas in sabah this ban was put on hold pending the federal government s decision on the issue in 2015 agriculture and agro based industry minister ahmad shabery cheek said that the ban of shark finning is unnecessary as the finning industry does not exist in malaysia he went on further to say that sharks are normally caught by accident when they enter the fishnets along with the other fishes 106 new zealand edit the great white sharks ha...
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