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o view the content of server certificates gcloud to view the server certificate content run the following command openssl s_client starttls mysql connect instance_ip_address 3306 replace instance_ip_address with the ip address of the instance external server ssl expiry notification if the external server s server ca certificate is expiring then rotate the ssl certificates including the server ca certificate on the on premises instance this step depends on how the on premises instance is managed steps can vary if for example you re using an rds server ca certificate cloud sql server ca certificate or database generic server ca certificate if the client certificate is expiring then you need to generate a new certificate and key this applies to both google cloud managed ssl certificates and self signed certificates update the cloud sql source representation instance with the new ssl certificates manage server certificates shared ca this section describes how to manage server certificates on instances that use shared cas or customer managed cas you can opt in to using shared cas as the server ca mode for your instance by specifying google_managed_cas_ca for the servercamode setting cloud sql admin api or the server ca mode flag gcloud cli when you create or edit your instance to use customer managed ca as the server ca mode for your instance you must specify customer_managed_cas_ca for the servercamode setting cloud sql admin api or the server ca mode flag gcloud cli when you create or edit your instance and you must have a valid ca pool and ca for more information see use customer managed ca enable or disable automatic server certificate rotation we recommend that you enable automatic server certificate rotation with this feature enabled cloud sql automatically rotates your server certificate during your regularly scheduled maintenance update or when you perform self service maintenance up to 180 days before the certificate expires automatic certificate rotation helps you avoid connection interruptions caused by expired certificates and eliminates the need to rotate the certificates manually note your server certificate won t be rotated automatically if maintenance updates are skipped or during the maintenance event cloud sql detects that the certificate has more than 180 days left until its expiration date you can enable automatic server certificate rotation when you create your instance or when you edit your existing instance the following procedure describes how to edit an existing instance to enable or disable automatic server certificate rotation console in the google cloud console go to the cloud sql instances page go to cloud sql instances to open the overview page of an instance click the instance name click edit in the customize your instance section expand show configuration options click security to expand the security configuration section do one of the following to enable automatic server certificate rotation select the rotate server certificates automatically checkbox to disable automatic server certificate rotation clear the rotate server certificates automatically checkbox click save gcloud to edit server certificate rotation mode for an instance use the gcloud sql instances patch command gcloud sql instances patch instance_name project project_id server certificate rotation mode server_certificate_rotation_mode make the following replacements instance_name the name of the cloud sql instance that has a server certificate that you re modifying project_id the id or project number of the google cloud project that contains the instance server_certificate_rotation_mode specify either no_automatic_rotation or automatic_rotation_during_maintenance rest v1 before using any of the request data make the following replacements project_id the id or project number of your google cloud project this project contains a cloud sql instance that has a server certificate that you re managing instance_name the name of the instance server_certificate_rotation_mode specify either no_automatic_rotation or automatic_rotation_during_maintenance http method and url patch https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_name request json body kind sql instance name instance_name project project_id settings ipconfiguration servercertificaterotationmode server_certificate_rotation_mode kind sql settings to send your request expand one of these options curl linux macos or cloud shell note the following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud cli with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login or by using cloud shell which automatically logs you into the gcloud cli you can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list save the request body in a file named request json and execute the following command curl x patch h authorization bearer gcloud auth print access token h content type application json charset utf 8 d request json https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_name powershell windows note the following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud cli with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login you can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list save the request body in a file named request json and execute the following command cred gcloud auth print access token headers authorization bearer cred invoke webrequest method patch headers headers contenttype application json charset utf 8 infile request json uri https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_name select object expand content you should receive a json response similar to the following kind sql operation targetlink https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_name status pending user user example com inserttime 2026 01 16t02 32 12 281z operationtype update name operation_id targetid instance_name selflink https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id operations operation_id targetproject project_id to see how the underlying rest api request is constructed for this task see the apis explorer on the instances patch page rest v1beta4 before using any of the request data make the following replacements project_id the id or project number of your google cloud project this project contains a cloud sql instance that has a server certificate that you re managing instance_name the name of the instance server_certificate_rotation_mode specify either no_automatic_rotation or automatic_rotation_during_maintenance http method and url patch https sqladmin googleapis com sql v1beta4 projects project_id instances instance_name request json body kind sql instance name instance_name project project_id settings ipconfiguration servercertificaterotationmode server_certificate_rotation_mode kind sql settings to send your request expand one of these options curl linux macos or cloud shell note the following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud cli with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login or by using cloud shell which automatically logs you into the gcloud cli you can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list save the request body in a file named request json and execute the following command curl x patch h authorization bearer gcloud auth print access token h content type application json charset utf 8 d request json https sqladmin googleapis com sql v1beta4 projects project_id instances instance_name powershell windows note the following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud cli with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login you can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list save the request body in a file named request json and execute the following command cred gcloud auth print access token headers authorization bearer cred invoke webrequest method patch headers headers contenttype application json charset utf 8 infile request json uri https sqladmin googleapis com sql v1beta4 projects project_id instances instance_name select object expand content you should receive a json response similar to the following kind sql operation targetlink https sqladmin googleapis com sql v1beta4 projects project_id instances instance_name status pending user user example com inserttime 2026 01 16t02 32 12 281z operationtype update name operation_id targetid instance_name selflink https sqladmin googleapis com sql v1beta4 projects project_id operations operation_id targetproject project_id to see how the underlying rest api request is constructed for this task see the apis explorer on the instances patch page manually rotate server certificates if you ve received a notice about your server certificates expiring or you want to initiate a rotation but you don t have automatic server certificate rotation enabled then take the following steps to complete the rotation before you start the rotation there must be a new server certificate created for the upcoming rotation if there is already a new server certificate created for the upcoming rotation then you can skip the first step in the following procedure to rotate the server certificate on your instance perform the following steps if you need a new server certificate then create one if your clients already trust the root ca then this step is optional however if you need to update your clients with server ca information then do the following download the latest server ca information update your clients to use the latest server ca information complete the rotation by moving the active certificate to the previous slot and updating the new certificate to be the active certificate console download the server ca certificate information encoded as a pem file to your local environment in the google cloud console go to the cloud sql instances page go to cloud sql instances to open the overview page of an instance click the instance name select connections from the sql navigation menu select the security tab click to expand manage certificates confirm that the rotate server certificate option appears as an available option however don t select it yet if there are no eligible certificates then the rotate option is unavailable you must create a new server certificate click download certificates update all of your mysql clients to use the new information by copying the downloaded file to your client host machines replacing the existing server ca pem file after you have updated your clients complete the rotation return to the security tab click to expand manage certificates select rotate certificate in the confirm certificate rotation dialog click rotate confirm that your clients are connecting properly if any clients are not connecting using the newly rotated certificate then you can select rollback certificate to rollback to the previous configuration gcloud to create a server certificate use the following command gcloud sql ssl server certs create instance instance replace instance with the name of the instance make sure that you re using the latest ca bundle if you aren t using the latest ca bundle then run the following command to download the latest server ca information for the instance to a local pem file gcloud sql ssl server certs list format value ca_cert cert instance instance_name file_path server ca pem or download the ca bundles from the root and regional ca certificate bundle table on this page then update all of your clients to use new server ca information by copying the downloaded file to your client host machines replacing the existing server ca pem files after you update all your clients if client updates are required complete the rotation gcloud sql ssl server certs rotate instance instance_name confirm that your clients are connecting properly if any clients aren t connecting using the newly rotated server certificate then roll back to the previous configuration rest v1 create a server certificate before using any of the request data make the following replacements project_id the project id instance_id the instance id http method and url post https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_id addservercertificate to send your request expand one of these options curl linux macos or cloud shell note the following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud cli with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login or by using cloud shell which automatically logs you into the gcloud cli you can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list execute the following command curl x post h authorization bearer gcloud auth print access token h content type application json charset utf 8 d https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_id addservercertificate powershell windows note the following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud cli with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login you can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list execute the following command cred gcloud auth print access token headers authorization bearer cred invoke webrequest method post headers headers uri https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_id addservercertificate select object expand content you should receive a json response similar to the following response kind sql operation targetlink https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_id status pending user user example com inserttime 2024 01 20t21 30 35 667z operationtype update name operation_id targetid instance_id selflink https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id operations operation_id targetproject project_id if you need to download server ca certificate information then you can use the following command before using any of the request data make the following replacements project_id the project id instance_id the instance id http method and url get https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_id listservercertificates to send your request expand one of these options curl linux macos or cloud shell note the following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud cli with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login or by using cloud shell which automatically logs you into the gcloud cli you can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list execute the following command curl x get h authorization bearer gcloud auth print access token https sqladmin googleapis com v1 projects project_id instances instance_id listservercertificates powershell windows note the following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud cli with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login you can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list execute the following command cred gcloud auth print acces...
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